Meme Kanserinde Sarkopeni ve Egzersiz

Öz

Meme kanseri, dünya genelinde en sık görülen malignitelerden biridir ve kadınlarda görülen kanserlerin %30’unu oluşturmaktadır. Meme kanseri tanı ve tedavisindeki gelişmeler, meme kanserli bireylerin sağkalım oranını artırmış, bu durum kanserin kendisinin ve tedavilerinin kısa ve uzun süreli yan etkilerine olan ilgiyi artırmıştır. Literatürde, meme kanseri sonrası vücut kompozisyonunda oluşan değişimleri ve bu hastalarda egzersizin düşük yaşam kalitesi, azalmış fonksiyonel düzey ve yorgunluk gibi sağlık problemleri üzerine etkilerini inceleyen araştırmalar yaygınlaşmıştır. Sarkopeni, meme kanserinde yaygın görülen sorunlardan biridir ve mortalite için risk faktörüdür. Egzersiz yaklaşımlarının meme kanserli bireylerin birçok sağlık problemine yönelik olumlu etkileri kanıtlanmıştır. Egzersiz eğitiminin, özellikle dirençli egzersizlerin, sarkopeninin önlenmesi ve tedavisindeki etkinliği literatürde açıkça gösterilmiştir. Bununla birlikte; egzersiz uygulamalarının meme kanseri üzerine etkilerini araştıran fazla sayıda çalışma olmasına rağmen, egzersizin, meme kanserinde sarkopeniyi önleme ve tedavisine yönelik sonuçlarını araştıran çalışma sayısı sınırlıdır. Egzersiz çalışmalarından önce ve sonra sarkopeni verilerinin değerlendirilmesi, meme kanserinde sarkopeni ile başa çıkma stratejilerinin belirlenmesine ve bu alanda literatüre katkı sunulmasına imkan sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Meme kanseri
• sarkopeni
• egzersiz

Sarcopenia and Exercise in Breast Cancer

Öz

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and accounts for 30% of cancers in women. Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer have increased the survival rate of individuals with breast cancer, and this has increased the interest in the short- and long-term side effects of breast cancer itself and its treatments. In the literature, studies investigating the changes in body composition after breast cancer and the effects of exercise on health problems such as low quality of life, decreased functional level and fatigue in these patients have become widespread. Sarcopenia is one of the common problems in breast cancer and represents a risk factor for mortality. It has been proven that exercise approaches positively affect many health problems in individuals with breast cancer. In general, but especially resistance exercises, it has been demonstrated to prevent and treat sarcopenia effectively. Although there are studies evaluating the effect of exercise in breast cancer, the number of studies investigating the outcomes of exercise for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in breast cancer is limited. Evaluating sarcopenia data before and after exercise studies will allow the determination of strategies for coping with sarcopenia in breast cancer and contributing to the literature in this field.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Breast cancer
• sarcopenia
• exercise

Kaynakça

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