Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası ve Obezite İlişkisi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 35 - 39, 31.01.2020

Cahit Erkul M. Emel Alphan

Öz

ÖZET

Bağırsak Mikrobiyotası ve Obezite İlişkisi

Obezite, kanser de dahil
olmak üzere kronik hastalık riskinin artması gibi sağlık açısından risk arz
eden ve zaman içinde sürekli pozitif enerji dengesinin sonucu oluşan aşırı
adipozite hali olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu hastalığın önlenmesindeki çevresel
faktörler; stresi azaltmak, BKİ’yi düşürmek, yeterli ve dengeli beslenmek ve
intestinal mikrobiyotadır. Bu derlemede amaç, intestinal mikrobiyotanın obezite
üzerindeki etki mekanizmaları hakkında bilgi vermektir. Bulgular arasında LPS
ile TLR-4 reseptörü arasındaki etkileşim, NF-KB yolunu aktive ederek mukozal
inflamasyonu ve bakteriyel translokasyonu aktive eder. Bunun sonucunda endojen
inflamatuar mediatörler olarak çalışan TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 ve IL-12 gibi
pro-inflamatuar sitokinlerin sentezi indüklenir. Sonuç olarak obeziteye neden olan
sağlıksız beslenme, sedanter yaşam, çeşitli hastalıklar (diyabet, depresyon)
gibi faktörlere son yıllarda mikrobiyotada oluşan olumsuz değişiklerin de
eklendiği görülmektedir.

Anahtar
Kelimeler: Obezite, Mikrobiyota, Diyet

                                                                        

ABSTRACT

The Relationship between Intestinal
Microbiota and Obesity

Obesity
is defined as a state of extreme adiposity, which is a risk to health, such as
an increased risk of chronic disease, including cancer, that results from a
continuous positive energy balance over time. Environmental factors in the
prevention of this disease; to reduce stress, reduce BMI, adequate and balanced
nutrition and intestinal microbiota. The aim of this review is to give
information about the mechanisms of action of intestinal microbiota on obesity.
Among the findings, the interaction between LPS and TLR-4 receptor activates
the NF-yolB pathway and activates mucosal inflammation and bacterial
translocation. As a result, synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as
TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-12, which act as endogenous inflammatory
mediators, are induced. As a result, it is seen that negative changes in
microbiota have been added to factors such as unhealthy nutrition, sedentary
life, various diseases (diabetes, depression) that cause obesity.

Key
Words: Obesity, Microbiota, Diet

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Obezite, Mikrobiyota, Diyet

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