Coronavirüs Enfeksiyonu Hastalığının (COVID-19) Epidemiyolojisi ve Kontrolü

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 109 - 116, 30.06.2020

Ayşe Akbıyık Özlem Avşar

Öz

Özet

Aralık 2019’da Çin’in Wuhan şehrinde, deniz ürünleri pazarı kaynaklı yeni bir coronavirüs çeşidi kısa sürede pandemi haline gelmiş ve tüm ülkelerin ortak problemi olmuştur. Şiddetli Akut Solunum Sendromu Coronavirüs-2 tek zincirli, pozitif polariteli, zarflı, ribonükleik asit virüsüdür. COVID-19 solunum sistemini hedef almaktadır ve insandan insana bulaşma damlacık yoluyla gerçekleşmektedir. Virüsün cansız yüzeylerde sağ kalımını sürdürebilmesi temas yoluyla da bulaşmayı mümkün kılmaktadır. Hastalığın belirtileri arasında ateş, nefes darlığı, öksürük yer almaktadır. Olguların çoğunda hafif semptomlar görülse de, pnömoni, akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu, çoklu organ yetmezliği ve ölümü gibi ağır seyirli klinik durumlar da mevcuttur. Maske kullanımı, sosyal mesafe ve el yıkama COVID-19 salgınının önlenmesinde anahtar rol oynamaktadır. Yeni tanınmaya başlanan bu enfeksiyon hakkında hala çok şey öğrenilmesi gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Coronavirüs, COVID-19, pandemi,epidemiyoloji.

Abstract

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus originating from a seafood market in Wuhan, China became a pandemic in a short time and a common problem for all countries. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 is a single-chain, positive polarity, and enveloped ribonucleic acid virus. COVID-19 targets the respiratory system and humanto-human transmission occurs by inhalation of respiratory droplets. The virus’s survival on inanimate surfaces also makes it possible to be transmitted by contact. Symptoms of the disease include fever, shortness of breath, and cough. Although mild symptoms are present in the majority of the cases, there are also severe clinical conditions such as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, multiple organ failure, and death. Mask use, social distancing, and hand-washing play a key role in preventing the spread of COVID-19. Much still needs to be learned about this newly recognized infection.

Keywords: Coronavirus, COVID-19, pandemic, epidemiology.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Coronavirüs, Pandemi, epidemiyoloji, COVID-19

Epidemiology and Control of Coronavirus Infection Disease (COVID-19)

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Coronavirus, COVID-19, Pandemic

Kaynakça

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