COVID-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Anne Sütü ile Beslenmenin Önemi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 153 - 158, 30.06.2020

Gamze Yurtdaş Gamze Çalık Tuba Yalçın Gülşah Kaner

Öz

Özet

Çin’in Wuhan şehrinde 2019 yılında ortaya çıkan COVID-19 kısa sürede birçok ülkeye yayılarak pandemi düzeyine ulaşmıştır. Gebeler bu süreçte riskli grupta yer almaktadır. COVID-19’un, fetusu nasıl etkileyeceği ve virüsün doğum sırasında fetüse geçip geçemeyeceği net değildir. Bugüne kadar anne sütünde COVID-19 tespit edilmemiştir, ancak onunla savaşacak antikorların bulunduğu bildirilmiştir. Anne sütünde bulunan laktoferrin, salgısal immunoglobulin A (sIg-A), α-laktalbumin ve oligosakkaritler gibi immünolojik bileşenlerin yenidoğanı enfeksiyonlara karşı koruduğu bildirilmektedir. Ayrıca bu virüsün emzirme yoluyla bulaştığına dair mevcut bir kanıt bulunmamaktadır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Hastalık Kontrol ve Önleme Merkezleri, Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuklara Yardım Fonu, Emzirme Hekimliği Akademisi ve Birleşmiş Milletler Nüfus Fonu gibi kuruluşlar COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde anne sütü ile beslenmenin önemli olduğunu vurgulamaktadır. COVID-19 tanısı almış veya semptomlarını taşıyan emziren annelerin gerekli önlemleri alarak bebeklerini emzirmeye devam etmeleri önerilmektedir. Bu derlemede COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde anne sütü ile beslenmenin önemi ve beslenme ilkeleri güncel kılavuzlar doğrultusunda incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19, anne sütü, emzirme.

Abstract

The COVID-19, which emerged in Wuhan, China in 2019, has reached a pandemic level by spreading to many countries in a short time. Pregnant women are in the risky group in this time. It is not clear how the COVID-19 will affect the fetus and whether the virus can pass to the fetus during birth. To date, the COVID-19 has not been detected in the breast milk, however, antibodies which are available to fight with it were reported in the breast milk. Immunological components such as lactoferrin, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIg-A), α-lactalbumin and oligosaccharides which are existed in breast milk are reported to protecting the newborn from infections. In addition, there is no evidence that the coronavirus is transmitted through breastfeeding. Organizations such as The World Health Organization, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, The United Nations Children’s Fund, The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine and The United Nations Population Fund emphasize that breastfeeding is important during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Breastfeeding mothers who are diagnosed COVID-19 or showing symptoms are recommended to continue breastfeeding by taking the necessary precautions. In this review, the importance of breastfeeding and nutritional principles during the COVID-19 pandemic period were examined in line with current guidelines.

Keywords: COVID-19, human milk, breastfeeding.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, anne sütü, emzirme

Kaynakça

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