COVID-19’un QALY ve DALY Ölçütlerine Etkisi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 431 - 437, 04.10.2024

Aslı Köse

https://doi.org/10.61399/ikcusbfd.1363722

Öz

Amaç: Dünya’da COVID-19 salgını özellikle sağlık sistemleri olmak üzere birçok sistemi etkilemiştir. Sağlık harcamalarında artan talep maliyetlerin de artışına neden olmuştur. Dolayısıyla sağlık ölçütleri olarak kaliteye göre ayarlanmış yaşam yılları (Quality-Adjusted Life-Year; QALY) ve engelliliğe göre ayarlanmış yaşam yılları (Disability-Adjusted Life Year; DALY) başına düşen maliyetlerin değerlendirilmesi sağlık yöneticilerinin karar süreçlerini destekleyecektir. Bu sistematik derlemenin amacı, COVID-19’un QALY ve DALY ölçütlerine etkisini değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Sistematik derlemede PRISMA bildirgesi rehber alınmıştır. Araştırma stratejisinde üç elektronik veri tabanı kullanılmıştır: Scopus, Web of Science, PUBMED. Veri tabanları 01/01/2020-31/12/2022 tarihleri arasında taranmıştır. Taramalarda “COVID-19” and “QALY” ile “COVID-19” and “DALY” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Veri tabanlarından ulaşılan araştırma sayısı 352’dir. Ayrıntılı incelenen araştırma sayısı 290’dır. Derlemeye 37 çalışma dahil edilmiştir. Gerçekleşen ve tahmini verilere dayalı araştırmalarda farklı QALY ve DALY ölçütlerine ulaşılmıştır. Aşı, ilaç ve PCR testlerinin uygulanması ile elde edilen sağlık kazanımları da değişmiştir.

Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemi döneminde QALY ve DALY sağlık çıktılarının ülkelerin sağlığa ayırdıkları kaynaklar ve sağlık sistemlerinin özelliklerine göre değişkenlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, sağlık hizmeti ekonomisi ve organizasyonlar, kaliteye göre ayarlanmış yaşam yılları, engelliliğe göre ayarlanmış yaşam yılları.

Etik Beyan

Araştırmada ikincil verilerin kullanılması nedeniyle etik kurul onayına gerek yoktur.

The Effect of COVID-19 on QALY and DALY Measurements

Öz

Objective: The COVID-19 epidemic in the world has affected many systems, especially health systems. Increasing demand in health expenditures has also led to an increase in costs. Therefore, the evaluation of the cost per quality-adjusted life years (QALY) and disabilityadjusted life years (DALY) as health criteria will support the decision processes of health managers. The purpose of this systematic review, QALY and DALY parameters is to evaluate the effects of COVID-19.

Material and Method: In this systematic review, the declaration of the PRISMA has been used as guidance. Three electronic databases were used in the research strategy: Scopus, Web of Science, and PUBMED. Databases scanned between 01/01/2020 and 31/12/2022. In the scanning, “COVID-19” and “QALY” and “COVID-19” and “DALY” keywords were used.

Results: The number of studies accessed from databases is 352. The number of studies examined in detail is 290. Thirty-seven studies were included in the review. Different QALY and DALY criteria have been reached in research based on actual and estimated data. It has been determined that the health gains obtained by applying vaccines, drugs, and PCR tests have also changed.

Conclusion: It has been determined that QALY and DALY health outcomes vary according to the resources they allocate to health and the characteristics of health systems during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, health care economics and organizations, quality adjusted life years, disability adjusted life years.

Kaynakça

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