Araştırma Makalesi

Causality Relationship Between Government Stability and Trade Openness: The Case of Turkey

Cilt: 6 Sayı: 16 31 Ekim 2021
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Causality Relationship Between Government Stability and Trade Openness: The Case of Turkey

Abstract

International trade is very exposed to political risk and the existence of political risk components in a given market may cause problems in both export and import activities. Government instability is one of the political risk components that is related with trade openness. The paper examines the government stability-trade openness nexus for Turkey using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and VECM based Granger Causality test covering the period of 1984-2016. Results have shown that there is a unidirectional causality in the long run from trade openness to government stability. Because Turkey’s production of final goods usually is based on imports, an increase in exchange rate usually floats trade openness in favor of imports. This creates foreign trade deficit. Worsening economic conditions affects the government stability. Due to the unfavorable picture and economic crises in Turkey, the average duty time of the governments established between 1990-2003 was one year. Despite this, export-led growth and highest amount of foreign direct investment within three election periods starting from 2002, enabled the individuals to grasp the importance of stability in governance. During the 2010s, Turkey struggled with the foreign trade deficit, high inflation and unemployment rates brought about by the high exchange rate, and the deteriorating economic situation caused the ministers in the cabinet and even the presidential system to change. Thus, the study concluded that trade openness may affect the policy-relevant implications and create government instability for Turkey through changes in exchange rates and depreciation of Turkish lira.

Keywords

Kaynakça

  1. Aisen, A. and Vega, F. J. (2011). How does political instability affect economic growth? IMF Working Paper.
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  3. Ari, Y. O. and Yıldız, Ü. (2018). Causality relationship between transfer expenditures and labor force participation rate in Turkey. Eastern European Journal of Regional Studies, 4(2), 58-72.
  4. Arslan, Ü. (2011). Siyasi istikrarsızlık ve ekonomik performans: Türkiye örneği. [Political instability and economic performance: The case of Turkey]. Ege Akademik Bakış, 11(1), 73-80.
  5. Bayar, Y. and Yener, B. (2019). Political stability and tourism sector development in Mediterranean Countries: a panel cointegration and causality analysis. European Journal of Tourism Research, 21, 23-32.
  6. Bilgin, M. H., Gozgor, G. and Demir, E. (2018). The determinants of Turkey’s exports to Islamic countries: the impact of political risks. The Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, 27(5), 486-503.
  7. Bönnal, M. and Yaya, M.E. (2015). Political institutions, trade openness, and economic growth: new evidence. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 51, 1276-1291.
  8. Çalışkan, A.E. (2009). Dış ticaret işlemlerinde risk yönetimi [Risk management in foreign trade operations]. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. İstanbul.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Ekonomi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Ekim 2021

Gönderilme Tarihi

15 Aralık 2020

Kabul Tarihi

28 Temmuz 2021

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2021 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 16

Kaynak Göster

APA
Ari, Y. O. (2021). Causality Relationship Between Government Stability and Trade Openness: The Case of Turkey. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 6(16), 422-431. https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.840909
AMA
1.Ari YO. Causality Relationship Between Government Stability and Trade Openness: The Case of Turkey. İKTİSAD. 2021;6(16):422-431. doi:10.25204/iktisad.840909
Chicago
Ari, Yilmaz Onur. 2021. “Causality Relationship Between Government Stability and Trade Openness: The Case of Turkey”. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi 6 (16): 422-31. https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.840909.
EndNote
Ari YO (01 Ekim 2021) Causality Relationship Between Government Stability and Trade Openness: The Case of Turkey. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi 6 16 422–431.
IEEE
[1]Y. O. Ari, “Causality Relationship Between Government Stability and Trade Openness: The Case of Turkey”, İKTİSAD, c. 6, sy 16, ss. 422–431, Eki. 2021, doi: 10.25204/iktisad.840909.
ISNAD
Ari, Yilmaz Onur. “Causality Relationship Between Government Stability and Trade Openness: The Case of Turkey”. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi 6/16 (01 Ekim 2021): 422-431. https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.840909.
JAMA
1.Ari YO. Causality Relationship Between Government Stability and Trade Openness: The Case of Turkey. İKTİSAD. 2021;6:422–431.
MLA
Ari, Yilmaz Onur. “Causality Relationship Between Government Stability and Trade Openness: The Case of Turkey”. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi, c. 6, sy 16, Ekim 2021, ss. 422-31, doi:10.25204/iktisad.840909.
Vancouver
1.Yilmaz Onur Ari. Causality Relationship Between Government Stability and Trade Openness: The Case of Turkey. İKTİSAD. 01 Ekim 2021;6(16):422-31. doi:10.25204/iktisad.840909

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