The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Employment Structure of the Tourism Industry: An Interview with ChatGPT

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 22, 919 - 939, 28.10.2023

Okan Çolak

https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.1347642

Öz

This study aims to investigate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the workforce in the tourism sector, suggest measures that managers and employees can utilize to mitigate the adverse effects of AI, and predict the future of employment in tourism. In the study, the interview technique was used in qualitative research approaches. ChatGPT was used as an interviewer. Eight questions were posed during the interviews using the ChatGPT question screen (https://chat.openai.com/chat). The study showed that artificial intelligence (AI) will emerge in fifteen new job positions within tourism. The study revealed that integrating artificial intelligence (AI) in the tourism industry has several advantages for employees, such as enhancing job satisfaction and commitment, making more informed decisions, reducing their workload and burnout, formulating more effective business strategies and service offerings, continuing professional development, discover new career paths, and acquiring practical problem-solving abilities. The study highlighted that AI has potentially adverse effects on employees on subjects, including job displacement, job mismatches, skills gap, reskilling challenges, adopting, creativity, decision-making, workload, burnout, ethical, fairness, job performance, job satisfaction, sense of monotony, career advancement, and identity lost.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tourism, artificial intelligence, ChatGPT, employment

Yapay Zekanın Turizm Sektörünün İstihdam Yapısına Etkisi: ChatGPT ile Bir Söyleşi

Öz

Bu çalışma, yapay zekanın turizm sektöründeki işgücü üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı, yapay zeka (YZ)'nın olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak için yöneticilerin ve çalışanların yapabilecekleri eylemleri önermeyi ve turizmde istihdamın geleceğini tahmin etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Görüşmeci olarak ChatGPT kullanılmıştır. Görüşmeler sırasında ChatGPT soru ekranı kullanılarak sekiz soru yöneltilmiştir (https://chat.openai.com/chat). Çalışma, yapay zekanın (YZ) turizmde on beş yeni iş pozisyonunda ortaya çıkacağını göstermiştir. Çalışma, yapay zekanın turizm endüstrisine entegre edilmesinin çalışanlar için iş tatmini ve bağlılığı artırma, daha bilinçli kararlar alma, iş yüklerini ve tükenmişliklerini azaltma, daha etkili iş stratejileri ve hizmet teklifleri formüle etme, mesleki gelişimlerine devam etme, yeni kariyer yolları keşfetme ve pratik problem çözme becerileri kazanma gibi çeşitli avantajları olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Çalışma, yapay zekanın çalışanlar üzerinde iş değiştirme, iş uyumsuzlukları, beceri açığı, yeniden beceri kazandırma zorlukları, benimseme, yaratıcılık, karar verme, iş yükü, tükenmişlik, etik, adalet, iş performansı, iş tatmini, monotonluk hissi, kariyer ilerlemesi ve kimlik kaybı gibi konularda potansiyel olarak olumsuz etkileri olduğunu vurgulamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turizm, yapay zekâ, ChatGPT, istihdam

Kaynakça

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