Crises, Reforms, and Scientific Improvements: Behaviorism in the Last Two Centuries

Abstract

The changes in the society evolve the theories; the changes in the theory affect the research; and, in return, the changes in the theory and research change the society. Pursuing this widely-accepted idea, the aim of this paper is to examine the development of behaviorism by analyzing the historical and socio-political events. The paper emphasizes the philosophical bases of behaviorism namely realism, materialism and reductionism, and also some corner stones of scientific, technological, and socio-political events such as World War I and II. In addition to these, effects of those scientific improvements and crises are investigated in relation to the development of behaviorism and education. Behaviorism is still used in many areas of education such as military education and technology-based education. Lastly, this paper might contribute to the literature by pointing out the rebirth of behaviorism in the near future as a result of socio-political concerns

Keywords

• behaviorism,human history,philosophical bases,education,psychology.

Krizler, Reformlar ve Bilimsel İlerlemeler: Son İki Yüzyılda Davranışçılık

Öz

Bilindiği gibi yaşamdaki bilgilerin teorileri değiştirilmektedir ve teorilerdeki kitaplarıetkilemektedir; sonuç olarak teori ve araştırmalardaki kolaj de toplumu etkilemekte ve değiştirilmektedir. Bu görüşün alınmadığı, bu makalenin amacı ve sosyo-ekonomik olayları analiz ederek davranışçılığın gelişimini inceleme. Makale içeren davranışçılığın felsefi temellerini (realizm, materyalizm ve indirgemecilik) Birinci Dünya Savaşı ve Kinci Dünya Savaşı gibi önemli olayları vurgulamak. Bunlara ek olarak, bu olayların üzerinde meydana neden geliyor insanlık amaçlı inişler ve çıkışlar, davranışlığa ve eğitime olan şeyler. Davranışçılık günmece halen askeri eğitim ya da teknoloji-destekli eğitim gibi eğitimin var. Ve sonuç olarak, bu bu kadar neden birlik bütünlük çabaları ve sosyo-politik yeniden popülerlik kazanacağına işaret etmesi bakımından yazın alanına katkıda bulunacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• davranışçılık, insan tarihi, felsefi temeller, eğitim psikolojisi

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