Is Co-Parenting Possible After Divorce?: A Scoping Review of the Effects on Children

Öz

Post-divorce adjustment efforts lead to significant changes in the roles and functions of parents and children. This study examines how parenting attitudes and the co-parenting process develop after divorce and their reflections on children. Articles published in English between 2018 and 2024 in the Web of Science Core Collection database were reviewed, focusing on relevant keywords related to post-divorce co-parenting attitudes. This scoping review examined articles focusing on co-parenting, the effects of divorce, and the importance of cooperation between parents. The studies included participants consisting of divorced parents and children from divorced families and did not require any intervention or comparison group criteria. Reviews, case studies, theses, conference papers, book chapters, and intervention-based studies were excluded from this review. A total of 51 articles were analyzed, and various themes were identified. The analysis revealed themes such as post-divorce adjustment, barriers, and facilitators in co-parenting. Parents' emotional challenges affect children's behavior and attitudes, while positive parental relationships support children's psychological well-being. Children who adapt better to divorce may feel the traumatic effects less intensely. Supporting parents' positive relationships with each other and allowing children to express their thoughts freely can contribute to reducing behavioral problems in children. These findings highlight the importance of special education programs for parents and children for post-divorce adjustment, the promotion of joint custody, and policies and legal regulations to enhance cooperation between parents.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Divorce
• Adaptation to Life after Divorce
• Co-Parenting
• Parenting Attitudes after Divorce.

Boşanma Sonrası Ortak Ebeveynlik Mümkün Mü?: Çocuklara Yansımalarına Yönelik Bir Kapsam Derlemesi

Öz

Boşanma sonrası uyum çabaları, hem ebeveynlerin hem de çocukların rol ve işlevlerinde önemli değişikliklere neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, boşanma sonrası ebeveynlik tutumlarının ve ortak ebeveynlik sürecinin nasıl geliştiğini ve çocuklara olan yansımalarını incelemektedir. Web of Science Core Collection veri tabanında, 2018 ile 2024 yılları arasında İngilizce olarak yayınlanan makaleler taranmış ve boşanma sonrası ortak ebeveynlik tutumlarına odaklanan ilgili anahtar kelimeler kullanılmıştır. Toplam 51 makale analiz edilmiş ve çeşitli temalar belirlenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda boşanma sonrası uyum, ortak ebeveynlikte engeller ve kolaylaştırıcılar gibi temalar belirlenmiştir. Ebeveynlerin duygusal zorlukları, çocukların davranış ve tutumlarını etkilemekte, olumlu ebeveyn ilişkileri ise çocukların psikolojik iyilik halini desteklemektedir. Çocuklar arasında boşanmaya daha iyi uyum sağlayanlar, travmatik etkileri daha az hissedebilmektedir. Ebeveynlerin diğer ebeveynleriyle olumlu ilişkilerini desteklemesi ve çocukların düşüncelerini rahatça ifade edebilmeleri, çocuklardaki çekingenlik davranışının azalmasına katkıda bulunabilmektedir. Bu bulgular, boşanma sonrası uyum için ebeveynlere ve çocuklara yönelik özel eğitim programlarının, ortak velayetin teşvik edilmesi ve ebeveynler arasındaki işbirliğinin artırılmasına yönelik politika ve yasal düzenlemelerin önemini vurgular.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Boşanma
• Boşanma Sonrası Yaşama Uyum
• Ortak Ebeveynlik
• Boşanma Sonrası Ebeveynlik Tutumları

Kaynakça

1. Akpan, I., Ezeume, I. (2020). The challenges faced by parents and children from divorce, Challenge, 63, 365-377. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2020.1842025
2. Alcántara-Porcuna, V., Sánchez-López, M., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V. et al. (2021). Parents’ perceptions on barriers and facilitators of physical activity among schoolchildren: A qualitative study, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063086 Andrea, F., Awaliyah, Z. (2022). Fulfillment of the rights of wife and children post-divorce, MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review. Doi: https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v1i2.6211
3. Apata, O., Falana, O., Hanson, U. et al. (2023). Exploring the effects of divorce on children's psychological and physiological wellbeing, Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies. Doi: https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v49i41193
4. Auersperg, F., Vlasak, T., Ponocny, I., & Barth, A. (2019). Long-term effects of parental divorce on mental health - A meta-analysis.. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 119, 107-115. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.09.011
5. Azwar, E. (2022). Implementation of husband's obligations post-divorce (Case Study in Mutiara Timur District, Pidie Regency), Al Mashaadir: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah. Doi: https://doi.org/10.52029/jis.v3i1.87
6. Barger, M., Kim, E., Kuncel, N. et al. (2019). The relation between parents' involvement in children's schooling and children's adjustment: A meta-analysis, Psychological Bulletin. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000201
7. Bastaits, K., Pasteels, I. (2019). Is joint physical custody in the best interests of the child? Parent–child relationships and custodial arrangements, Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 36, 3752-3772. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407519838071
8. Becher, E. H., Kim, H., Cronin, S. E. et al. (2019). Positive parenting and parental conflict: Contributions to resilient coparenting during divorce, Family Relations, 68(1), 150-164. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12349

9. Bertoni, A., Carrà, E., Iafrate, R. et al. (2018). The associations for separated parents in Italy: Their role for parents’ well‐being and coparenting, Health & Social Care in the Community, 26(4), e571-e577. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12573
10. Brito, J., Arízaga, L. (2019). Divorce: How does children affect children emotionally?. Espirales Revista Multidisciplinaria de investigación. Doi: https://doi.org/10.31876/ER.V3I28.578
11. Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development, American Psychologist, 32(7), 513. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.32.7.513
12. Bronfenbrenner, U. (2013). Ecology of the family as a context for human development: Research perspectives, Adolescents and Their Families, 1-20.
13. Buehler, C., Legg, B. (1993). Mothers' receipt of social support and their psychological well-being following marital separation, Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 10, 21-38. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407593101002
14. Buyukkececi, Z., Leopold, T. (2021). Sibling influence on family formation: A study of social interaction effects on fertility, marriage, and divorce, Advances in Life Course Research, 47, 100359. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2020.100359
15. Çaksen, H. (2021). The effects of parental divorce on children. Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki. Doi: https://doi.org/10.22365/jpsych.2021.040
16. Camisasca, E., Miragoli, S., Blasio, P. et al. (2018). Co-parenting mediates the influence of marital satisfaction on child adjustment: The conditional indirect effect by parental empathy. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 28, 519-530. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/S10826-018-1271-5
17. Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. (2009). Systematic reviews: CRD’s guidance for undertaking reviews in health care. University of York. https://www.york.ac.uk/media/crd/Systematic_Reviews.pdf
18. Choi, J., Wang, D., Reddish, L. et al. (2019). Efficacy of co-parenting for successful kids: a longitudinal pilot investigation, Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 60, 630-644. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10502556.2019.1619383
19. Çiçek, E., Nazli, S. (2023). Examination of the factors affecting the adjustment of the children of divorced families, Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal. Doi: https://doi.org/10.17066/tpdrd.1218605ec
20. Clarivate. (2023). Web of Science Core Collection. https://clarivate.com/products/scientific-and-academic-research/research-discovery-and-workflow-solutions/web-of-science/web-of-science-core-collection/
21. Cline, D., Westman, J. (1971). The impact of divorce on the family, Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 2, 78-83. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01434640
22. Cox, R., Brosi, M., Spencer, T. et al. (2021). Hope, Stress, and post-divorce child adjustment: development and evaluation of the co-parenting for resilience program, Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 62, 144-163. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10502556.2021.1871831