Suçun Etkisi Cinsiyete Göre Değişir mi? NCVS 2023 Verilerinde Kadın ve Erkek Mağduriyetleri

Öz

2023 Ulusal Suç Mağduriyet Araştırması (NCVS) verilerini kullanarak Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde suç mağduriyetlerinin cinsiyete dayalı etkilerini ortaya koymak bu çalışmanın temel amacıdır. Cinsiyet, Rutin Aktiviteler Teorisi'ne göre hem bireylerin demografik bir özelliği hem de toplumsal bir realitedir. Bu durumda mağduriyetin cinsiyete dayalı sonuçları beş farklı açıdan ele alınmaktadır: Suç, fail, mağdurun kendini koruma stratejileri, polis tepkisinin ve suçun mağdur üzerindeki etkisinin. Araştırmanın bulguları, toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı mağduriyetin çeşitli olduğunu göstermektedir. Kadınlara yönelik cinsel ve yakın partner şiddeti daha yaygındır. Bununla birlikte, mağduriyetler genellikle tanıdık ya da özel mekânlarda gerçekleşir. Kamusal alanlarda erkekler daha fazla şiddetle karşı karşıyadır. Erkek vakalarında failler genellikle yabancıdır. Buna ek olarak, erkekler mağduriyetlerini ifade etmeme ve duygusal etkileri başkalarıyla paylaşmama yönünde bir tutum sergilemektedir. Kadınlar ise resmî kurumlara başvurma ve destek arama eğilimleri ise daha yüksektir. Bir suça maruz kalma durumun toplumsal alanda itibar zedelenmesi yaşama durumu ise kadınlarda daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bulgular, suç mağduriyetinin yalnızca bireysel özellikler üzerinden değil, toplumsal cinsiyetle iç içe geçmiş gündelik yaşam pratikleri bağlamında ele alınması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Suç Mağduriyeti
• Cinsiyet
• Rutin Aktiviteler Teorisi
• NCVS
• Amerika Birleşik Devletleri.

Does Crime Hurt Differently? Female and Male Realities of Victimization in the NCVS 2023 Data

Öz

The main objective of this study is to understand and analyze whether there are differences in victimization experiences between women and men based on the 2023 National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). Routine Activities Theory is used as an analytical lens to examine these differences within their social contexts. In this framework, this quantitative study aims to identify five interrelated dimensions of a crime incident: injury, offender characteristics, self-protection, police response, and the effects of crime on the victim. According to findings, women are more frequently exposed to sexual violence within private or familiar environments. On the other hand, men are more likely to encounter violence in public spaces. Additionally, offenders are strangers in men cases. Women are more likely to ask for help and tell the police about what happened. But men are more likely to keep quiet, not tell anyone they were hurt, and keep the emotional effects to themselves. The psychological and social effects of being a victim are different for men and women. These numbers show that gender and everyday routines are effective on victimization.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Crime Victimization
• Gender
• Routine Activities Theory
• NCVS
• United States.

Kaynakça

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