2022 Enerji Krizi Sonrası Japonya'nın Ontolojik Güvenlik Arayışı

Öz

Ontolojik güvenlik yaklaşımına göre devletler, fiziksel varlıkları yanında kimlik anlatılarının sürekliliğini de korumaya çalışmaktadır. Ekonomik güvenlik ise devletlerin ontolojik güvenlik arayışıyla maddi kırılganlıklarının kesiştiği bir alan oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma, söz konusu yaklaşımı ekonomik güvenlik ve enerji politikası alanına uygulayarak Japonya’nın 2022 enerji krizi sonrasındaki politika yönelimini incelemektedir. Japonya, II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında özerklik, teknolojik yeterlilik ve ekonomik başarı üzerine kurulu bir ulusal kimlik anlatısı inşa etmiştir. 2022 enerji krizi ise yenilenebilir enerji teknolojileri ve kritik hammaddeler üzerinden Çin’e bağımlılığa ilişkin önceden mevcut olan kaygıları ekonomik güvenlik söylemi içinde yeniden görünür kılmıştır. Bu çerçevede çalışma, Japonya’nın Çin’e ekonomik bağımlılığı azaltmaya ve tedarik zincirlerini çeşitlendirmeye yönelik politika yöneliminin resmî belgeler ve lider söylemlerinde bağımlılık kaynaklı ontolojik kırılganlık çerçevesiyle nasıl anlamlandırıldığını incelemektedir. Araştırmada, teorik göstergelerin analizi yapılandırdığı ancak söylemsel anlam örüntülerinin metnin kendisiyle diyalog içinde yorumlandığı abdüktif bir yaklaşımla yorumsamacı söylem analizi uygulanmaktadır. Analiz üç bulguya işaret etmektedir. Çin’e bağımlılık, stratejik kırılganlık olarak çerçevelenmektedir. Tedarik zinciri çeşitlendirmesi, bağımlılık yönetiminin kurumsal bir pratiği olarak sunulmaktadır. Yenilenebilir enerji dönüşümü ise Çin’e yeni bağımlılıklar yaratma riski nedeniyle özerklik ve teknolojik kapasite anlatısı içinde temkinli biçimde kurulmaktadır. Bu bulgular, Japonya’nın 2022 sonrası enerji politikalarının resmî söylemde ulusal kimlik anlatısının sürekliliğini korumaya yönelik bir ontolojik güvenlik arayışıyla ilişkilendirilerek anlamlandırıldığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ontolojik Güvenlik
• Ekonomik Güvenlik
• Bağımlılık Kaynaklı Ontolojik Kırılganlık
• Japonya
• 2022 Enerji Krizi.

Etik Beyan

Bu araştırma makalesinin verileri anket veya mülakat teknikleri kullanılarak elde edilmediğinden etik kurul izni gerekmemiştir.

Japan's Pursuit of Ontological Security After the 2022 Energy Crisis

Öz

The ontological security approach holds that states seek to preserve not only their physical existence but also the continuity of their identity narratives. Economic security constitutes a domain in which states’ pursuit of ontological security intersects with their material vulnerabilities. After the Second World War, Japan constructed a national identity narrative grounded in autonomy, technological competence, and economic success. The 2022 energy crisis rendered pre-existing concerns about dependence on China in renewable energy technologies and critical raw materials newly visible within the discourse of economic security. Within this framework, the study examines how Japan’s policy orientation toward reducing economic dependence on China and diversifying supply chains is articulated in official documents and leaders’ discourses through the perspective of dependency-induced ontological vulnerability. It employs interpretive discourse analysis through an abductive approach, in which theoretical indicators shape the analysis while discursive patterns of meaning are interpreted in dialogue with the text. The analysis points to three findings. Dependence on China is framed as a strategic vulnerability. Supply chain diversification is presented as an institutional practice of dependency management. The renewable energy transition is constructed cautiously within a narrative of autonomy and technological capacity because of the risk that it may create new dependencies on China. These findings demonstrate that Japan’s post-2022 energy policies are made meaningful in official discourse by being associated with a pursuit of ontological security aiming to preserve the continuity of the national identity narrative.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ontological Security
• Economic Security
• Dependency-Induced Ontological Vulnerability
• Japan
• 2022 Energy Crisis.

Etik Beyan

In this research article, ethics committee permission was not required as the data were not obtained using survey or interview techniques.

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