Afrika’da Elit-Toplum Ayrışmasının Eğitime Yansıması: Nijerya Örneği

Öz

Nijerya, zengin rezervleri ve Batı Afrika’nın ticaret merkezi konumunda olmasına rağmen yanlış politikalar nedeniyle gelir adaletsizliğinin yüksek olduğu, güvenlik, sağlık, kalkınma ve eğitim alanlarında ciddi sorunlarla mücadele eden bir ülke olmuştur. Nijerya’daki sorunların en dikkat çekenlerinden biri de eğitim alanında yaşanmaktadır. Nijerya, dünyada en fazla okula gitmeyen çocuğu sınırlarında barındırmaktadır. İslami eğitim sistemi olan Almajirilik sisteminin bozulması, Nijeryalı elitlerin çocuklarına eğitim için yurtdışını tercih etmeleri ve eğitim sistemine uzun yıllar yeterli yatırım yapılmaması ülke kalkınmasını engellediği gibi elit-toplum ayrışmasını da körüklemiştir. Bu makale, elit-toplum ayrımının Nijerya'da sosyoekonomik ve güvenlik sorunlarına nasıl yol açtığını incelemektedir. Ayrıca, bu bölünmenin kalkınmayı engelleyen kısır bir döngü oluşturduğunu savunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Afrika
• Nijerya
• Eğitim
• Almajiriler
• Elit-Toplum Ayrışması

The Educational Reflections of the Elite-Society Dividing in Africa: The Case of Nigeria

Öz

Although Nigeria is the trade centre of West Africa with its rich reserves, income inequality is high due to wrong policies. It also has been a country struggling with serious problems in the fields of security, health, development and education. One of the most striking problems in Nigeria is in the field of education. Nigeria hosts the highest number of out-of-school children in the world. The deterioration of the Islamic education system, the Almajirilik system, the preference of Nigerian elites abroad for education for their children, and the lack of sufficient investment in the education system for many years have hindered the development of the country and fueled the elite-society separation. This article examines how the elite-society divide has led to socioeconomic and security issues in Nigeria. It also argues that this divide creates a vicious cycle that hinders development.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Africa
• Nigeria
• Education
• Almajiri System
• Elite–Society Dividing

Kaynakça

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