AFRİKA’DA ASKERİ-POLİTİK FAALİYETLERİN SOSYO-EKONOMİK YAPILAR ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: GABON CUMHURİYETİ ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Dünyanın en büyük coğrafyasına sahip kıtalardan biri olan Afrika, aynı zamanda, çok kültürlü sosyolojik yapılara, çok çeşitli ekonomik gelirlere ve çok yönlü politik gelişmelere de sahiptir. Dahası, tarihsel bir sürece de öncülük etmiştir. Tarihsel süreç içerisinde Afrika, üç aşamayla irdelenebilir. İlki sömürge öncesi evre, ikincisi sömürge dönemi ve üçüncüsü de, bağımsızlıktan bugüne dek yaşanan evrelerdir. Bu üç evre içerisinde ikinci ve üçüncü evreler, Afrika’nın çetrefilli ve karmaşık bir duruma dönüşmesine neden olmuştur. Çünkü bu dönemlerde kıta, şiddetli çatışmalara yol açan sömürgecilik olgusuyla tanışmıştır. Bu çatışmalar toplumda kimlik temelli şiddetlere yol açarken, yönetimlerde ise askeri darbe girişimlerine yol açmıştır. Bu bağlamda makale, Gabon’daki askeri darbe girişiminin temel nedenlerini ele almakla birlikte, ülkedeki politik uygulamaların sosyo-ekonomik yapılar üzerindeki etkilerini de irdelemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Afrika Kıtası
• Bağımsızlık Hareketleri
• Gabon
• Askeri Darbeler

THE EFFECTS OF MILITARY-POLITICAL ACTIVITIES ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC STRUCTURES IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF THE GABONESE REPUBLIC

Öz

Africa, which is one of the continents with the largest geographies in the world, also has multicultural sociological structures, very diverse economic incomes and multidimensional political developments. Besides, it has pioneered a historical process. In the historical process, Africa may be discussed under three stages. These stages are in order the precolonial stage, the colonial stage and stages that have been experienced since independence up to now. Among these, the second and third stages have led Africa to turn into a challenging and complicated situation. This is because, in these periods, the continent was introduced to the phenomenon of colonialism that led to violent conflicts. While these conflicts led to identity-based violence in societies, they led to military coup attempts in governments. In this context, the article discusses the main reasons for the military coup attempt in Gabon and investigates the effects of the political practices in the country on socio-economic structures.
Keywords: African Continent, Independence Movements, Gabon and Military Coups.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• African Continent
• Indipendence Movements
• Gabon and Military Coups

Kaynakça

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