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CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S “ZERO TOLERENCE” APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS

Cilt: 5 Sayı: 9 17 Aralık 2021
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CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S “ZERO TOLERENCE” APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS

Öz

The peacekeeping operations of the United Nations for bringing peace and stability, which have been accepted by the country and have great expectations from the people, sometimes fail to give the desired contribution but confront the people of the country, especially women and young girls. The habit of sexual abuse and exploitation, which is gained in almost every operation in which the United Nations intervenes and carries out a peacekeeping operation with another problem such as sexual abuse and exploitation, is now turning into a trust problem towards the United Nations. The complex post-war environment in which the United Nations intervened through peacekeepers is further complicated by this widespread and exposed problem posed by these forces. In this sense, it becomes as important as necessary to investigate the reasons why sexual abuse and exploitation are so widespread and permanent. The solutions that the United Nations tries to bring to this problem are not effective enough, and an effective method cannot be developed for the solution of this problem that has become permanent. Sexual abuse and exploitation, which is already a big problem in the legal context, is a complex problem that needs to be also solved in the illegal context. In this study, the reasons for the emergence of this problem, which has become unacceptable especially for women and young girls, have been discussed, and the efforts of the United Nations for a solution and the adequacy of this effort have been examined through examples.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Alexandra, K. (2011). “Peacekeepers’ Privilege and Sexual Abuse in Post-Conflict Populations”, 23(3) Peace Review: A Journal of Social Justice, pp. 369-376.
  2. Ashford & Huet-Vaughn in Hynes, H. (2004). “On the battlefield of women’s bodies: An overview of the harm of war to women”, 27 Women’s Studies International Forum, pp. 431-445.
  3. Charlesworth, H. & Slaughter, A.-M. (1995). “The Gender of International Institutions”, 89 American Society of International Law Proceedings, pp. 79-84.
  4. Defeis, E. (2008). “U.N. Peacekeepers and Sexual Abuse and Exploitation: An End to Impunity”, 7(2) Washington University Global Studies Law Review, pp. 185-214.
  5. Kanetake, M. (2010). “Whose Zero Tolerance Counts? Reassessing a Zero Tolerance Policy against Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by UN Peacekeepers”, 17(2) International Peacekeeping, pp. 200-214. Murphy, R. (2006). “An Assessment of UN Efforts to Address Sexual Misconduct by Peacekeeping Personnel”, 13(4) International Peacekeeping, pp. 531-546.
  6. Ndulo, M. (2009). “The United Nations Responses to the Sexual Abuse and Exploitation of Women and Girls by Peacekeepers during Peacekeeping Missions”, 27(1) Berkeley Journal of International Law, pp. 127-161.
  7. Puechguirbal, N. (2010). “Discourses on Gender, Patriarchy and Resolution 1325: A Textual Analysis of UN Documents”, 17(2) International Peacekeeping, pp. 172-187.
  8. Simić, O. (2010). “Does the Presence of Women Really Matter? Towards Combating Male Sexual Violence in Peacekeeping Operations”, 17(2) International Peacekeeping, pp. 188-199.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Sosyoloji

Bölüm

Derleme

Yayımlanma Tarihi

17 Aralık 2021

Gönderilme Tarihi

10 Ağustos 2021

Kabul Tarihi

8 Aralık 2021

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2021 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 9

Kaynak Göster

APA
Palabıyık, A., Orhun, O., & Savaş, A. R. (2021). CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S “ZERO TOLERENCE” APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS. İmgelem, 5(9), 211-227. https://doi.org/10.53791/imgelem.981325
AMA
1.Palabıyık A, Orhun O, Savaş AR. CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S “ZERO TOLERENCE” APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS. İMGELEM. 2021;5(9):211-227. doi:10.53791/imgelem.981325
Chicago
Palabıyık, Adem, Orhan Orhun, ve Ali Rıza Savaş. 2021. “CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S ‘ZERO TOLERENCE’ APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS”. İmgelem 5 (9): 211-27. https://doi.org/10.53791/imgelem.981325.
EndNote
Palabıyık A, Orhun O, Savaş AR (01 Aralık 2021) CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S “ZERO TOLERENCE” APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS. İmgelem 5 9 211–227.
IEEE
[1]A. Palabıyık, O. Orhun, ve A. R. Savaş, “CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S ‘ZERO TOLERENCE’ APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS”, İMGELEM, c. 5, sy 9, ss. 211–227, Ara. 2021, doi: 10.53791/imgelem.981325.
ISNAD
Palabıyık, Adem - Orhun, Orhan - Savaş, Ali Rıza. “CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S ‘ZERO TOLERENCE’ APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS”. İmgelem 5/9 (01 Aralık 2021): 211-227. https://doi.org/10.53791/imgelem.981325.
JAMA
1.Palabıyık A, Orhun O, Savaş AR. CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S “ZERO TOLERENCE” APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS. İMGELEM. 2021;5:211–227.
MLA
Palabıyık, Adem, vd. “CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S ‘ZERO TOLERENCE’ APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS”. İmgelem, c. 5, sy 9, Aralık 2021, ss. 211-27, doi:10.53791/imgelem.981325.
Vancouver
1.Adem Palabıyık, Orhan Orhun, Ali Rıza Savaş. CULTURE OF SILENCE: SCRUTINISING THE UN’S “ZERO TOLERENCE” APPROACH TO SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND ABUSE IN PEACE KEEPING OPERATIONS. İMGELEM. 01 Aralık 2021;5(9):211-27. doi:10.53791/imgelem.981325

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