Öz
Terrorism is sponsored whether by states, non-state actors or individuals. All type of terrorism can be classified in groups as regard to the motivation of the terror. State-sponsored terrorism can be classified as political, religious, ideological and failed-state anarchism. Non-state sponsored terrorism can be classified as political, religious, ideological, personality-driven, organized crime or single issue (such as having a terrorist attack to draw attention to global warming). Individual terror can be classified as ideological, religious, anarchist or single-issue
In international law there is no certain definition of terrorism. Yet, the UN counter-terrorism conventions define terrorism as a list of acts that aims threaten to the population or change in government’s political
agenda. . In some cases, political or religious motivation is also required.
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Kaynakça
- Abi-Saab, G. (2008). The Security Council as Legislator and as Executive in its Fight Against Terrorism and Against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Question of Legitimacy, In R. Wolfrum, V. Röben (Ed.) Legitimacy in International Law (2008), Berlin Heidelberg: Springer, 109-130.
- Ballin, M.H. (2012). The System of Criminal Investigation in the United States, in Anticipative Criminal Investigation Theory and Counterterrorism Practice in the Netherlands and the United States, The Hague: T.M.C. ASSER PRESS, 277-383.
- Counterterrorism Measures Affecting Criminal Investigation in the United States, in Anticipative Criminal Investigation Theory and Counterterrorism Practice in the Netherlands and the United States, The Hague: T.M.C. ASSER PRESS, 385-448.
- Banks, W. C., Nevers, R. de, Wallerstein, M. B. (2006). Combating Terrorism Strategies and Approaches, CQ Press.
- Conte, A. (2010). The International Framework for Countering Terrorism, In Human Rights in the Prevention and Punishment of Terrorism Commonwealth Approaches: The United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, Berlin Heidelberg: Springer, 39-80.
- De Kerchove, G., Höhn, C. (2013). Counter-Terrorism and International Law Since 9/11, Including in the EU-US Context, in Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law 2013 (2015),16: 267-295.
- Goldberg, M. L. (2012). HOW THE UN RESPONDED TO THE 9-11 ATTACKS, http://www.undispatch.com/how-the-un-responded-tothe-9-11-attacks/. Accessed on 24.01.2017.
- Gurulé, J., Corn, G. S. (2011). Principles of Counter-Terrorism Law, St. Paul, NM: WEST.
- Koh, J.m. (2006). The Role of the Security Council since 9/11, in Suppressing Terrorist Financing and Money Laundering, Berlin Heidelberg: Springer, 81-118.
- Rabbat, P. J. (2010). The Role of the United Nations in the Prevention and Repression of International Terrorism, in A War on Terror? The European Stance on a New Threat, Changing Laws and Human Rights Implication, New York: Springer, 81-106 .
Öz
Terör, devletler, devlet dışı kuruluşlar ve bireyler tarafından desteklenebilir. Tüm bu terör türleri, terörün amacına göre gruplandırılabilir. Devlet destekli terör siyasi, dini, ideolojik olabileceği gibi, yönetim sorunu yaşayan devletlerin yarattığı boşluktan faydalanma isteği olarak sınıflandırılabilir. Devlet dışı kuruluşlar destekli terör de siyasi, dini, ideolojik olabileceği gibi bir grubun karizmatik liderini takip, suç örgütü veya münferit konulara dikkat çekme (örneğin, çevre kirliliğine dikkat çekmek için terör saldırısında bulunma) olarak sınıflara ayrılabilir. Bireysel olarak girişilen terör eylemlerinin motivasyonu ideolojik, dini olabileceği gibi anarşist düşünceler veya münferit konulara dikkat çekme amacı da bu eylemlerin motivasyon unsurunu oluşturabilir.
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Uluslararası hukukta terörün üzerinde mutabık kalınmış bir tanımı yoktur; ancak Birleşmiş Milletler terörle mücadele konvansiyonları terörü, toplulukları veya hükümetlerin siyasi işlerini tehdit eden fiilleri liste yapmak suretiyle tanımlamışlardır. Bazı durumlarda, siyasi ve dini amaç da gerekli görülmüştür.
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Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Abi-Saab, G. (2008). The Security Council as Legislator and as Executive in its Fight Against Terrorism and Against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Question of Legitimacy, In R. Wolfrum, V. Röben (Ed.) Legitimacy in International Law (2008), Berlin Heidelberg: Springer, 109-130.
- Ballin, M.H. (2012). The System of Criminal Investigation in the United States, in Anticipative Criminal Investigation Theory and Counterterrorism Practice in the Netherlands and the United States, The Hague: T.M.C. ASSER PRESS, 277-383.
- Counterterrorism Measures Affecting Criminal Investigation in the United States, in Anticipative Criminal Investigation Theory and Counterterrorism Practice in the Netherlands and the United States, The Hague: T.M.C. ASSER PRESS, 385-448.
- Banks, W. C., Nevers, R. de, Wallerstein, M. B. (2006). Combating Terrorism Strategies and Approaches, CQ Press.
- Conte, A. (2010). The International Framework for Countering Terrorism, In Human Rights in the Prevention and Punishment of Terrorism Commonwealth Approaches: The United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, Berlin Heidelberg: Springer, 39-80.
- De Kerchove, G., Höhn, C. (2013). Counter-Terrorism and International Law Since 9/11, Including in the EU-US Context, in Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law 2013 (2015),16: 267-295.
- Goldberg, M. L. (2012). HOW THE UN RESPONDED TO THE 9-11 ATTACKS, http://www.undispatch.com/how-the-un-responded-tothe-9-11-attacks/. Accessed on 24.01.2017.
- Gurulé, J., Corn, G. S. (2011). Principles of Counter-Terrorism Law, St. Paul, NM: WEST.
- Koh, J.m. (2006). The Role of the Security Council since 9/11, in Suppressing Terrorist Financing and Money Laundering, Berlin Heidelberg: Springer, 81-118.
- Rabbat, P. J. (2010). The Role of the United Nations in the Prevention and Repression of International Terrorism, in A War on Terror? The European Stance on a New Threat, Changing Laws and Human Rights Implication, New York: Springer, 81-106 .
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Hukuk |
| Bölüm | C. 2. S. 2 Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ocak 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2 |
