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Yıl 2025, Sayı: 99, 253 - 273, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.26650/imj.2025.1678466
https://izlik.org/JA45ZZ26GT

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Baer, M., Dane, E., & Madrid, H. P. (2021). Zoning out or breaking through? Linking daydreaming to creativity in the workplace. Academy of Management Journal, 64(5), 1553-1577. google scholar
  • Baird, B., Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2011). Back to the future: Autobiographical planning and the functionality of mind-wandering. Consciousness and Cognition, 20, 1604–1611. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2011.08.007 google scholar
  • Baird, B., Smallwood, J., Mrazek, M. D., Kam, J. W., Franklin, M. S., & Schooler, J. W. (2012). Inspired by distraction: Mind wandering facilitates creative incubation. Psychological science, 23(10), 1117-1122. google scholar
  • Baumeister, R. F. and Leary, M. R. (1997). Writing narrative literature reviews. Review of general psychology, 1(3), 311-320. google scholar
  • Berntsen, D., Hoyle, R. H., Munkholm Møller, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2023). Digital daydreaming: Introducing the spontaneous smartphone checking scale. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 37(1), 147-160. google scholar
  • Blouin-Hudon, E. M. C., & Zelenski, J. M. (2016). Daydreamers: Exploring the personality underpinnings of daydreaming styles and their implications for well-being. Consciousness and Cognition, 44, 114-129. google scholar
  • Brannigan, G. G., Hauk, P. A., & Guay, J. A. (1991). Locus of control and daydreaming. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 152(1), 29-33. google scholar
  • Brannigan, G. G., Shahon, A. J., & Schaller, J. A. (1992). Locus of control and time orientation in daydreaming: Implications for therapy. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 153(3), 359-361. google scholar
  • Chefetz, R. A., Soffer-Dudek, N., & Somer, E. (2023). When daydreaming becomes maladaptive: phenomenological and psychoanalytic perspectives. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, 37(4), 319-338. google scholar
  • Dane, E. (2018). Where is my mind? Theorising mind wandering and its performance-related consequences in organisations. Academy of Management Review, 43(2), 179-197. google scholar
  • Delaney, P. F., Sahakyan, L., Kelley, C. M., & Zimmerman, C. A. (2010). Remembering to forget: The amnesic effect of daydreaming. Psychological science, 21(7), 1036-1042. google scholar
  • Filler, M. S., & Giambra, L. M. (1973). Daydreaming as a function of cueing and task difficulty. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 37(2), 503-509. google scholar
  • Flowers, J.H., Garbin, C.P. (1989). Creativity and Perception. In: Glover, J.A., Ronning, R.R., Reynolds, C.R. (Eds), Handbook of Creativity. Perspectives on Individual Differences. Springer, Boston, MA. google scholar
  • Giambra, L. M. (1974). Daydreaming across life span: Late adolescent to senior citizen. International Journal of Ageing and Human Development, 5(2), 115-140. google scholar
  • Giambra, L. M. (1980). Sex differences in daydreaming and related mental activity from the late teens to the early nineties. The International Journal of Ageing and Human Development, 10(1), 1-34. google scholar
  • Giambra, L. M. (1981). Daydreaming, attentional processes, and curiosity in white Americans: influences of religious, educational, economic, and residency on a life span sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 37(2), 262-275. google scholar
  • Giambra, L. M. (2000). The temporal setting, emotions, and imagery of daydreams: Age changes and age differences from late adolescent to the old-old. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 19(4), 367-413. google scholar
  • Gifford, R. (2014). Finding Betsy in dreams: The use of daydreams, reveries, and nonverbal imagery in psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Psychoanalytic Social Work, 21(1-2), 107-120. google scholar
  • Gold, S. R., & Cundiff, G. (1980). A procedure for increasing self‐reported daydreaming. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 36(4), 923-927. google scholar
  • Gold, S. R., & Minor, S. W. (1983). School related daydreams and test anxiety. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 3(2), 133-138. google scholar
  • Gold, S. R., & Reilly III, J. P. (1985). Daydreaming, current concerns and personality. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 5(2), 117-125. google scholar
  • Harriott, J. S., Ferrari, J. R., & Dovidio, J. F. (1996). Distractibility, daydreaming, and self-critical cognitions as determinants of indecision. Journal of the American Medical Association, 111, 69–79. Journal of Social Behaviour and Personality, 11(2), 337-344. google scholar
  • Harrison, A. J., & Singer, J. A. (2010). Differentiating religiousness and spirituality through boundaries of the mind and daydreaming styles. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 29(4), 323-339. google scholar
  • Hartmann, E., Kunzendorf, R. G., Baddour, A., Chapwick, M., Eddins, M., & Krueger, C. & Shannon, R. (2003). Emotion makes daydreams more dreamlike, more symbolic. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 22(3), 257-276. doi:10.1016/j.icp.2013.09.010. google scholar
  • Heath, T., & Nixon, E. (2021). Immersive imaginative hedonism: Daydreaming as experiential ‘consumption’. Marketing Theory, 21(3), 351-370. google scholar
  • Helin, J., Dahl, M., & Guillet de Monthoux, P. (2022). The power of daydreaming: the aesthetic act of a new beginning. Culture and Organisation, 28(1), 64-78. google scholar
  • Huba, G. J., & Tanaka, J. S. (1983). Confirmatory evidence for three daydreaming factors in the Short Imaginal Processes Inventory. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 3(2), 139-147. google scholar
  • Huba, G. J., Aneshensel, C. S., & Singer, J. L. (1981). Development of scales for three second-order factors of inner experience. Multivariate Behavioural Research, 16(2), 181-206. google scholar
  • Ibaceta, M., Holman, D., & Niven, K. (2024). Mind-wandering contents and characteristics: an exploratory study comparing work and non-work contexts. European Journal of Work and Organisational Psychology, 33(4), 503-516. google scholar
  • James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology (Harvard ed., 2 vols.). New York: Holt. google scholar
  • Kajimura, S., Nozaki, Y., Goto, T., & Smallwood, J. (2022). Not All Daydreaming Is Equal: A Longitudinal Investigation of Social and General Daydreaming and Marital Relationship Quality. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 904025. google scholar
  • Kearns, P. O., Tyler, J. M., & Graziano, W. G. (2021). More than fantasy: Prosocial daydreams are related to prosocial dispositions and behaviour. International Journal of Psychology, 56(1), 85-94. google scholar
  • Killingsworth, M. A., & Gilbert, D. T. (2010). A wandering mind is an unhappy mind. Science, 330(6006), 932-932. google scholar
  • Klinger, E. (1971). The structure and functions of fantasy. Wiley-Interscience. google scholar
  • Klinger, E., Murphy, M. D., Ostrem, J. L., & Stark-Wroblewski, K. (2004). Disclosing daydreams versus real experiences: Attitudes, emotional reactions, and personality correlates. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 24(2), 101-138. google scholar
  • Langens, T. A. (2002). Daydreaming mediates between goal commitment and goal attainment in individuals high in achievement motivation. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 22(2), 103-115. google scholar
  • Langens, T. A. (2002). Daydreaming mediates between goal commitment and goal attainment in individuals high in achievement motivation. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 22(2), 103-115. google scholar
  • Langens, T. A., & Schmalt, H. D. (2002). Positive daydreaming’s emotional consequences: The moderating role of fear of failure. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(12), 1725-1735. google scholar
  • Levinson, D. B., Smallwood, J., & Davidson, R. J. (2012). The persistence of thought: Evidence for a role of working memory in the maintenance of task-unrelated thinking. Psychological science, 23(4), 375-380. google scholar
  • Löfgren, O. (2008). Secret lives of tourists: Delays, disappointment and daydreams. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 8(1), 85-101. google scholar
  • Long, S., & Hiebert, E. H. (1985). Effects of awareness and practice in mental imagery on creative writing of gifted children. In J. Niles and R. Lalik (Eds.), Issues in literacy: A research perspective. Thirty-fourth yearbook of the national reading conference (pp. 381-385). Rochester, NY: NRC. google scholar
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Daydreaming at work: an overview of the literature and a descriptive analysis

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 99, 253 - 273, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.26650/imj.2025.1678466
https://izlik.org/JA45ZZ26GT

Öz

The concept of daydreaming, which is frequently studied in the psychology literature, has recently become prominent in the field of management due to its contributions to creativity. Daydreaming is an imaginative type of mind-wandering independent of the present task and environment that potentially facilitates the generation of new ideas and recall of work-related goals and problems by allowing for mental time travel. This study was conducted in two stages to investigate the concept of daydreaming, discuss daydreaming in the organisational context, examine its relationship with creativity, and examine the current status of daydreaming behaviour in organisations. In the first stage, we performed a narrative literature review of daydreaming to explore its evolution in the literature and synthesise the published research in this field of study. In the second stage, we collected survey data from 277 white-collar employees from various sectors and departments to conduct a descriptive analysis and examine the distribution of daydreaming behaviour in different departments, sectors, firm age and size, and employee experience. Finally, we combine and synthesise our literature review with descriptive analysis results to compare and complement the theoretical information on daydreaming with the descriptive dispersion of daydreaming in business life and explore new research avenues.

Kaynakça

  • Baer, M., Dane, E., & Madrid, H. P. (2021). Zoning out or breaking through? Linking daydreaming to creativity in the workplace. Academy of Management Journal, 64(5), 1553-1577. google scholar
  • Baird, B., Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2011). Back to the future: Autobiographical planning and the functionality of mind-wandering. Consciousness and Cognition, 20, 1604–1611. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2011.08.007 google scholar
  • Baird, B., Smallwood, J., Mrazek, M. D., Kam, J. W., Franklin, M. S., & Schooler, J. W. (2012). Inspired by distraction: Mind wandering facilitates creative incubation. Psychological science, 23(10), 1117-1122. google scholar
  • Baumeister, R. F. and Leary, M. R. (1997). Writing narrative literature reviews. Review of general psychology, 1(3), 311-320. google scholar
  • Berntsen, D., Hoyle, R. H., Munkholm Møller, D., & Rubin, D. C. (2023). Digital daydreaming: Introducing the spontaneous smartphone checking scale. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 37(1), 147-160. google scholar
  • Blouin-Hudon, E. M. C., & Zelenski, J. M. (2016). Daydreamers: Exploring the personality underpinnings of daydreaming styles and their implications for well-being. Consciousness and Cognition, 44, 114-129. google scholar
  • Brannigan, G. G., Hauk, P. A., & Guay, J. A. (1991). Locus of control and daydreaming. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 152(1), 29-33. google scholar
  • Brannigan, G. G., Shahon, A. J., & Schaller, J. A. (1992). Locus of control and time orientation in daydreaming: Implications for therapy. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 153(3), 359-361. google scholar
  • Chefetz, R. A., Soffer-Dudek, N., & Somer, E. (2023). When daydreaming becomes maladaptive: phenomenological and psychoanalytic perspectives. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, 37(4), 319-338. google scholar
  • Dane, E. (2018). Where is my mind? Theorising mind wandering and its performance-related consequences in organisations. Academy of Management Review, 43(2), 179-197. google scholar
  • Delaney, P. F., Sahakyan, L., Kelley, C. M., & Zimmerman, C. A. (2010). Remembering to forget: The amnesic effect of daydreaming. Psychological science, 21(7), 1036-1042. google scholar
  • Filler, M. S., & Giambra, L. M. (1973). Daydreaming as a function of cueing and task difficulty. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 37(2), 503-509. google scholar
  • Flowers, J.H., Garbin, C.P. (1989). Creativity and Perception. In: Glover, J.A., Ronning, R.R., Reynolds, C.R. (Eds), Handbook of Creativity. Perspectives on Individual Differences. Springer, Boston, MA. google scholar
  • Giambra, L. M. (1974). Daydreaming across life span: Late adolescent to senior citizen. International Journal of Ageing and Human Development, 5(2), 115-140. google scholar
  • Giambra, L. M. (1980). Sex differences in daydreaming and related mental activity from the late teens to the early nineties. The International Journal of Ageing and Human Development, 10(1), 1-34. google scholar
  • Giambra, L. M. (1981). Daydreaming, attentional processes, and curiosity in white Americans: influences of religious, educational, economic, and residency on a life span sample. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 37(2), 262-275. google scholar
  • Giambra, L. M. (2000). The temporal setting, emotions, and imagery of daydreams: Age changes and age differences from late adolescent to the old-old. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 19(4), 367-413. google scholar
  • Gifford, R. (2014). Finding Betsy in dreams: The use of daydreams, reveries, and nonverbal imagery in psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Psychoanalytic Social Work, 21(1-2), 107-120. google scholar
  • Gold, S. R., & Cundiff, G. (1980). A procedure for increasing self‐reported daydreaming. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 36(4), 923-927. google scholar
  • Gold, S. R., & Minor, S. W. (1983). School related daydreams and test anxiety. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 3(2), 133-138. google scholar
  • Gold, S. R., & Reilly III, J. P. (1985). Daydreaming, current concerns and personality. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 5(2), 117-125. google scholar
  • Harriott, J. S., Ferrari, J. R., & Dovidio, J. F. (1996). Distractibility, daydreaming, and self-critical cognitions as determinants of indecision. Journal of the American Medical Association, 111, 69–79. Journal of Social Behaviour and Personality, 11(2), 337-344. google scholar
  • Harrison, A. J., & Singer, J. A. (2010). Differentiating religiousness and spirituality through boundaries of the mind and daydreaming styles. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 29(4), 323-339. google scholar
  • Hartmann, E., Kunzendorf, R. G., Baddour, A., Chapwick, M., Eddins, M., & Krueger, C. & Shannon, R. (2003). Emotion makes daydreams more dreamlike, more symbolic. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 22(3), 257-276. doi:10.1016/j.icp.2013.09.010. google scholar
  • Heath, T., & Nixon, E. (2021). Immersive imaginative hedonism: Daydreaming as experiential ‘consumption’. Marketing Theory, 21(3), 351-370. google scholar
  • Helin, J., Dahl, M., & Guillet de Monthoux, P. (2022). The power of daydreaming: the aesthetic act of a new beginning. Culture and Organisation, 28(1), 64-78. google scholar
  • Huba, G. J., & Tanaka, J. S. (1983). Confirmatory evidence for three daydreaming factors in the Short Imaginal Processes Inventory. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 3(2), 139-147. google scholar
  • Huba, G. J., Aneshensel, C. S., & Singer, J. L. (1981). Development of scales for three second-order factors of inner experience. Multivariate Behavioural Research, 16(2), 181-206. google scholar
  • Ibaceta, M., Holman, D., & Niven, K. (2024). Mind-wandering contents and characteristics: an exploratory study comparing work and non-work contexts. European Journal of Work and Organisational Psychology, 33(4), 503-516. google scholar
  • James, W. (1890). The principles of psychology (Harvard ed., 2 vols.). New York: Holt. google scholar
  • Kajimura, S., Nozaki, Y., Goto, T., & Smallwood, J. (2022). Not All Daydreaming Is Equal: A Longitudinal Investigation of Social and General Daydreaming and Marital Relationship Quality. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 904025. google scholar
  • Kearns, P. O., Tyler, J. M., & Graziano, W. G. (2021). More than fantasy: Prosocial daydreams are related to prosocial dispositions and behaviour. International Journal of Psychology, 56(1), 85-94. google scholar
  • Killingsworth, M. A., & Gilbert, D. T. (2010). A wandering mind is an unhappy mind. Science, 330(6006), 932-932. google scholar
  • Klinger, E. (1971). The structure and functions of fantasy. Wiley-Interscience. google scholar
  • Klinger, E., Murphy, M. D., Ostrem, J. L., & Stark-Wroblewski, K. (2004). Disclosing daydreams versus real experiences: Attitudes, emotional reactions, and personality correlates. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 24(2), 101-138. google scholar
  • Langens, T. A. (2002). Daydreaming mediates between goal commitment and goal attainment in individuals high in achievement motivation. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 22(2), 103-115. google scholar
  • Langens, T. A. (2002). Daydreaming mediates between goal commitment and goal attainment in individuals high in achievement motivation. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 22(2), 103-115. google scholar
  • Langens, T. A., & Schmalt, H. D. (2002). Positive daydreaming’s emotional consequences: The moderating role of fear of failure. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(12), 1725-1735. google scholar
  • Levinson, D. B., Smallwood, J., & Davidson, R. J. (2012). The persistence of thought: Evidence for a role of working memory in the maintenance of task-unrelated thinking. Psychological science, 23(4), 375-380. google scholar
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  • Long, S., & Hiebert, E. H. (1985). Effects of awareness and practice in mental imagery on creative writing of gifted children. In J. Niles and R. Lalik (Eds.), Issues in literacy: A research perspective. Thirty-fourth yearbook of the national reading conference (pp. 381-385). Rochester, NY: NRC. google scholar
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Toplam 85 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Örgütsel Davranış
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Yonca Gürol 0000-0002-0618-5750

Perlin Naz Cömert 0000-0002-0487-9820

Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Nisan 2025
Kabul Tarihi 18 Haziran 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.26650/imj.2025.1678466
IZ https://izlik.org/JA45ZZ26GT
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Sayı: 99

Kaynak Göster

APA Gürol, Y., & Cömert, P. N. (2025). Daydreaming at work: an overview of the literature and a descriptive analysis. Istanbul Management Journal, 99, 253-273. https://doi.org/10.26650/imj.2025.1678466
AMA 1.Gürol Y, Cömert PN. Daydreaming at work: an overview of the literature and a descriptive analysis. Istanbul Management Journal. 2025;(99):253-273. doi:10.26650/imj.2025.1678466
Chicago Gürol, Yonca, ve Perlin Naz Cömert. 2025. “Daydreaming at work: an overview of the literature and a descriptive analysis”. Istanbul Management Journal, sy 99: 253-73. https://doi.org/10.26650/imj.2025.1678466.
EndNote Gürol Y, Cömert PN (01 Aralık 2025) Daydreaming at work: an overview of the literature and a descriptive analysis. Istanbul Management Journal 99 253–273.
IEEE [1]Y. Gürol ve P. N. Cömert, “Daydreaming at work: an overview of the literature and a descriptive analysis”, Istanbul Management Journal, sy 99, ss. 253–273, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.26650/imj.2025.1678466.
ISNAD Gürol, Yonca - Cömert, Perlin Naz. “Daydreaming at work: an overview of the literature and a descriptive analysis”. Istanbul Management Journal. 99 (01 Aralık 2025): 253-273. https://doi.org/10.26650/imj.2025.1678466.
JAMA 1.Gürol Y, Cömert PN. Daydreaming at work: an overview of the literature and a descriptive analysis. Istanbul Management Journal. 2025;:253–273.
MLA Gürol, Yonca, ve Perlin Naz Cömert. “Daydreaming at work: an overview of the literature and a descriptive analysis”. Istanbul Management Journal, sy 99, Aralık 2025, ss. 253-7, doi:10.26650/imj.2025.1678466.
Vancouver 1.Yonca Gürol, Perlin Naz Cömert. Daydreaming at work: an overview of the literature and a descriptive analysis. Istanbul Management Journal. 01 Aralık 2025;(99):253-7. doi:10.26650/imj.2025.1678466