Araştırma Makalesi
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SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK STRATEJİLERİNİN HALKLA İLİŞKİLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ: HAZIR GİYİM MARKALARINDA MARKA AKTİVİZMİ YAKLAŞIMLARI

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 953 - 975, 12.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.47107/inifedergi.1736543

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin önde gelen hazır giyim markaları olan LC Waikiki, Mavi ve Koton’un sürdürülebilirlik stratejilerini, çevresel duyarlılık ve toplumsal sorumluluk odaklı marka aktivizmi bağlamında incelemektedir. Çalışmada nitel bir araştırma yöntemi benimsenmiş, ilgili markaların kurumsal web siteleri ve sürdürülebilirlik raporları doküman analizi tekniğiyle analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, MAXQDA 24 yazılımı kullanılarak tematik olarak analiz edilmiş ve üç ana temada sınıflandırılmıştır: çevresel sürdürülebilirlik, sosyal sürdürülebilirlik ve kurumsal yönetişim. Bu temalar, markaların sürdürülebilirlik stratejilerini farklı boyutlarıyla ortaya koymaktadır. Bulgular, hazır giyim markalarının çevresel ve sosyal taahhütlerini yalnızca operasyonel uygulamalarla değil, aynı zamanda halkla ilişkiler stratejileri aracılığıyla kamuoyuna ilettiklerini ortaya koymuştur. Markaların çevre, insan hakları, toplumsal eşitlik ve yönetişim gibi alanlarda geliştirdikleri stratejiler, halkla ilişkiler diliyle meşrulaştırılarak otantik marka aktivizmi bağlamında konumlandırılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, sürdürülebilirlik uygulamaları markaların kurumsal kimlik inşasında temel bir unsur haline gelmiş; marka aktivizmi ise etik sorumluluk ve toplumsal etki üretimi açısından stratejik bir iletişim aracı olarak öne çıkmıştır. Çalışma, halkla ilişkilerin tanıtım işlevinin ötesine geçerek toplumsal sorumluluk söylemlerinin inşasında rol oynayan çok katmanlı bir araç olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bulgular, bu söylemlerin markaların tüketici nezdindeki algısını güçlendirdiğini ve kurumsal itibara uzun vadeli katkı sağladığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, marka aktivizminin kuramsal bir çerçevenin ötesinde, kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik stratejilerinin halkla ilişkiler diliyle bütünleştiği bir iletişim pratiği niteliği taşıdığı anlaşılmaktadır. Bu yönüyle çalışma, sürdürülebilirlik temelli söylemlerin halkla ilişkiler bağlamında nasıl inşa edildiğine dair kavramsal ve yöntemsel düzeyde özgün katkılar sunmaktadır. Ayrıca farklı pazar konumlarına ve iletişim tarzlarına sahip üç markanın analiz edilmesi, kurumsal aktivizmin marka kimlikleri arasında nasıl farklılaştığını karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmeye imkân tanımaktadır. Elde edilen bulguların, özgün sürdürülebilirlik anlatıları aracılığıyla paydaş katılımını artırmayı hedefleyen stratejik iletişim uygulamalarına ve gelecek araştırmalara ışık tutması beklenmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Aaker, D. A. (1996). Building strong brands. New York: Free Press.
  • Belz, F. M., & Peattie, K. (2009). Sustainability marketing: A global perspective (2nd ed.). Chichester, UK: Wiley.
  • Benites-López, J. A., Barros, C. P., & Barreiro-Gen, M. (2022). Authentic brand activism and consumer trust: The role of message–action consistency. Sustainability, 14(16), 9872. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14169872
  • Bhagwat, Y., Warren, N. L., Beck, J. T., & Watson, G. F. (2020). Corporate sociopolitical activism and firm value. Journal of Marketing, 84(5), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022242920937000
  • Chen, Y. S., & Guan, Y. (2023). Investigating brand activism toward brand purchase intention among chinese consumers: A mediator of brand image. Frontiers in Sustainable Development, 3(10), 16-23. https://doi.org/10.54691/fsd.v3i10.5671
  • Cui, J. (2025). Empirical analysis of digital innovations' impact on corporate ESG performance: The mediating role of GAI technology. Research Square Preprint. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6344814/v1
  • Dyllick, T., & Hockerts, K. (2002). Beyond the business case for corporate sustainability. Business Strategy and the Environment, 11(2), 130–141. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.323
  • Eccles, R. G., Ioannou, I., & Serafeim, G. (2014). The impact of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance. Management Science, 60(11), 2835–2857. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.1984
  • Edelman. (2019). 2019 Edelman trust barometer special report: In brands we trust? Edelman Trust Barometer Annual Global Study. https://www.edelman.com/research/2019-edelman-trust-barometer
  • Elkington, J. (1998). Cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st century business. Gabriola Island: New Society Publishers.
  • Eyada, B. (2020). Brand activism, the relation and impact on consumer perception. International Journal of Marketing Studies, Vol. 12(4), 30-42.
  • Grunig, J. E. (2011). Public relations and strategic management: Institutionalizing organization–public relationships in contemporary society. Central European Journal of Communication, 4, 11-31.
  • Güven, Ö. G. (2024). Moda sektöründe marka aktivizmi ve sürdürülebilirlik deneyimleri. Ankara: Eğitim Yayınevi.
  • Hoppner, J. J., & Vadakkepatt, G. G. (2019). Examining moral authority in the marketplace: A conceptualization and framework. Journal of Business Research, 95, 417–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.07.043
  • IKEA. (2025). People & planet positive: Sustainability strategy. Retrieved June 10, 2025, from https://www.ikea.com/global/en/our-business/reports/ikea-sustainability-strategy-240904/
  • Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing management (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
  • Kotler, P., & Sarkar, C. (2018). Brand activism: from purpose to action. New York: Idea Bite Press.
  • Kozinets, R. V., & Handelman, J. M. (2004). Adversaries of consumption: Consumer movements, activism, and ideology. Journal of Consumer Research, 31(3), 691–704. https://doi.org/10.1086/425104
  • Krippendorff, K. (2019). Content analysis. CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071878781
  • Kuruş, G. (2025). Marka aktivizminin tüketici davranışları üzerindeki etkisi: Türkiye örneği. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 25(2), 134–150.
  • LC Waikiki (2025). Çevre dostu. Erişim tarihi [08 Haziran 2025], https://corporate.lcwaikiki.com/cevre-dostu.
  • Mohr, L. A., Webb, D. J., & Harris, K. E. (2001). Do consumers expect companies to be socially responsible? The impact of corporate social responsibility on buying behavior. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 35(1), 45–72.
  • Moorman, C. (2020). Commentary: Brand activism in a political world. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 39(4), 388-392.
  • Morsing, M., & Schultz, M. (2006). Corporate social responsibility communication: stakeholder ınformation, response and involvement strategies. Business Ethics: A European Review, 15(4), 323–338. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8608.2006.00460.x
  • Parguel, B., Benoît-Moreau, F., & Larceneux, F. (2011). How sustainability ratings might deter greenwashing: A closer look at ethical corporate communication. Journal of Business Ethics, 102(1), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0901-2
  • Rockström, J., Steffen, W., Noone, K., Persson, Å., Chapin, F. S., Lambin, E. F., … Foley, J. A. (2009). A safe operating space for humanity. Nature, 461(7263), 472–475. https://doi.org/10.1038/461472a
  • Sadedil, S. N. (2025). Marka aktivizmi kapsamında ürün isim değişikliğinin reklam aracılığıyla sunumunun izleyiciye yansıması. İnönü Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi (İNİF E-Dergi), 10(1), 192-215.
  • Saldana, J. (2022). Nitel araştırmacılar için kodlama el kitabı (Çev. A. Tüfekci Akcan & S. N. Şad). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Serafeim, G. (2023). ESG: From process to product (Harvard Business School Accounting & Management Unit Working Paper No. 23-069). SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=4460631
  • Sibai, O., Mimoun, L., & Boukis, A. (2021). Authenticating brand activism: Negotiating the boundaries of free speech to make a change. Psychology & Marketing, 38(10), 1651–1669. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21477
  • Silveira, P. D., Sandes, F. S., Xara-Brasil, D., & Menezes, K. (2021). Brands’ green activism: An empirical comparison between posts of digital influencers and brands. Portuguese Journal of Marketing, 53(1), 45–62.* https://comum.rcaap.pt/handle/10400.26/41450
  • Türkiye İhracatçılar Meclisi [TİM] & İstanbul Hazır Giyim ve Konfeksiyon İhracatçıları Birliği [İHKİB]. (2024). 2024 yılı hazır giyim ve konfeksiyon sektörü ihracat verileri. https://www.tim.org.tr
  • Tworzydło, D., Gawroński, S., Opolska-Bielańska, A., & Szuba, P. (2024). Sustainability in public relations campaigns: Diagnosis of the phenomenon using the example of pr industry research in Poland. Sustainability, 16(10), 4252. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16104252
  • Uğurlu, D., & Yalçın, M. (2022). Kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik iletişiminde halkla ilişkiler uygulamaları: Türkiye’deki hazır giyim markaları üzerine bir değerlendirme. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi, 54, 87–110.
  • Vredenburg, J., & MacInnis, D. J. (2023). The credibility challenge of brand activism: The role of stakeholder trust and perceived sincerity. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 33(2), 263–281. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1302
  • Vredenburg, J., Kapitan, S., Spry, A., & Kemper, J. A. (2020). Brands taking a stand: Authentic brand activism or woke washing? Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 39(4), 444–460. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743915620947359
  • Wheeler, A. (2013). Designing brand identity : An essential guide for the whole branding team (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Wicaksono, A. R. A., Ray, E. L., & Prakosa, B. G. (2025). The Influence of brand activism on consumer loyalty and social change. Society, 13(2), 698–713. https://doi.org/10.33019/society.v13i2.841
  • Wieser, V. E., Hemetsberger, A., & Luedicke, M. K. (2019). Protest rhetoric’s appeal: How brands as moral entrepreneurs recruit the media into moral struggles. Research in the Sociology of Organizations, 151–166. https://doi.org/10.1108/s0733-558x20190000063016
  • World Commission on Environment and Development. (1987). Our common future. Oxford University Press.

AN EXAMINATION OF SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGIES FROM A PUBLIC RELATIONS PERSPECTIVE: APPROACHES TO BRAND ACTIVISM IN READY-TO-WEAR BRANDS

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 953 - 975, 12.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.47107/inifedergi.1736543

Öz

This study examines the sustainability strategies of Turkey’s leading ready-to-wear brands—LC Waikiki, Mavi, and Koton—within the context of brand activism focused on environmental sensitivity and social responsibility. A qualitative research method was adopted, and the corporate websites and sustainability reports of the selected brands were analyzed using the document analysis technique. The data obtained were thematically analyzed through MAXQDA 24 software and classified into three main themes: environmental sustainability, social sustainability, and corporate governance. These themes reveal the multidimensional structure of the brands’ sustainability strategies. The findings indicate that apparel brands communicate their environmental and social commitments not only through operational practices but also via public relations strategies. The strategies developed by the brands in areas such as environmental protection, human rights, social equality, and governance are legitimized through the discourse of public relations and positioned within the framework of authentic brand activism. In this context, sustainability practices have become a fundamental component in the construction of corporate identity, while brand activism has emerged as a strategic communication tool in terms of ethical responsibility and the generation of social impact. The study demonstrates that public relations function as a multilayered mechanism that extends beyond promotion to the construction of social responsibility discourses. The findings further suggest that such discourses strengthen consumer perceptions of the brands and contribute to long-term corporate reputation. Moreover, brand activism is understood not merely as a theoretical framework but as a communicative practice in which corporate sustainability strategies are concretely integrated through the language of public relations. In this regard, the study provides original conceptual and methodological contributions to understanding how sustainability-based discourses are constructed within the context of public relations. Furthermore, the analysis of three brands with different market positions and communication styles allows for a comparative evaluation of how corporate activism differentiates across brand identities. The findings are expected to shed light on future research and strategic communication practices aimed at enhancing stakeholder engagement through authentic sustainability narratives.

Kaynakça

  • Aaker, D. A. (1996). Building strong brands. New York: Free Press.
  • Belz, F. M., & Peattie, K. (2009). Sustainability marketing: A global perspective (2nd ed.). Chichester, UK: Wiley.
  • Benites-López, J. A., Barros, C. P., & Barreiro-Gen, M. (2022). Authentic brand activism and consumer trust: The role of message–action consistency. Sustainability, 14(16), 9872. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14169872
  • Bhagwat, Y., Warren, N. L., Beck, J. T., & Watson, G. F. (2020). Corporate sociopolitical activism and firm value. Journal of Marketing, 84(5), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022242920937000
  • Chen, Y. S., & Guan, Y. (2023). Investigating brand activism toward brand purchase intention among chinese consumers: A mediator of brand image. Frontiers in Sustainable Development, 3(10), 16-23. https://doi.org/10.54691/fsd.v3i10.5671
  • Cui, J. (2025). Empirical analysis of digital innovations' impact on corporate ESG performance: The mediating role of GAI technology. Research Square Preprint. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6344814/v1
  • Dyllick, T., & Hockerts, K. (2002). Beyond the business case for corporate sustainability. Business Strategy and the Environment, 11(2), 130–141. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.323
  • Eccles, R. G., Ioannou, I., & Serafeim, G. (2014). The impact of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance. Management Science, 60(11), 2835–2857. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.1984
  • Edelman. (2019). 2019 Edelman trust barometer special report: In brands we trust? Edelman Trust Barometer Annual Global Study. https://www.edelman.com/research/2019-edelman-trust-barometer
  • Elkington, J. (1998). Cannibals with forks: The triple bottom line of 21st century business. Gabriola Island: New Society Publishers.
  • Eyada, B. (2020). Brand activism, the relation and impact on consumer perception. International Journal of Marketing Studies, Vol. 12(4), 30-42.
  • Grunig, J. E. (2011). Public relations and strategic management: Institutionalizing organization–public relationships in contemporary society. Central European Journal of Communication, 4, 11-31.
  • Güven, Ö. G. (2024). Moda sektöründe marka aktivizmi ve sürdürülebilirlik deneyimleri. Ankara: Eğitim Yayınevi.
  • Hoppner, J. J., & Vadakkepatt, G. G. (2019). Examining moral authority in the marketplace: A conceptualization and framework. Journal of Business Research, 95, 417–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.07.043
  • IKEA. (2025). People & planet positive: Sustainability strategy. Retrieved June 10, 2025, from https://www.ikea.com/global/en/our-business/reports/ikea-sustainability-strategy-240904/
  • Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing management (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
  • Kotler, P., & Sarkar, C. (2018). Brand activism: from purpose to action. New York: Idea Bite Press.
  • Kozinets, R. V., & Handelman, J. M. (2004). Adversaries of consumption: Consumer movements, activism, and ideology. Journal of Consumer Research, 31(3), 691–704. https://doi.org/10.1086/425104
  • Krippendorff, K. (2019). Content analysis. CA: SAGE Publications, Inc., https://doi.org/10.4135/9781071878781
  • Kuruş, G. (2025). Marka aktivizminin tüketici davranışları üzerindeki etkisi: Türkiye örneği. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 25(2), 134–150.
  • LC Waikiki (2025). Çevre dostu. Erişim tarihi [08 Haziran 2025], https://corporate.lcwaikiki.com/cevre-dostu.
  • Mohr, L. A., Webb, D. J., & Harris, K. E. (2001). Do consumers expect companies to be socially responsible? The impact of corporate social responsibility on buying behavior. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 35(1), 45–72.
  • Moorman, C. (2020). Commentary: Brand activism in a political world. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 39(4), 388-392.
  • Morsing, M., & Schultz, M. (2006). Corporate social responsibility communication: stakeholder ınformation, response and involvement strategies. Business Ethics: A European Review, 15(4), 323–338. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8608.2006.00460.x
  • Parguel, B., Benoît-Moreau, F., & Larceneux, F. (2011). How sustainability ratings might deter greenwashing: A closer look at ethical corporate communication. Journal of Business Ethics, 102(1), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0901-2
  • Rockström, J., Steffen, W., Noone, K., Persson, Å., Chapin, F. S., Lambin, E. F., … Foley, J. A. (2009). A safe operating space for humanity. Nature, 461(7263), 472–475. https://doi.org/10.1038/461472a
  • Sadedil, S. N. (2025). Marka aktivizmi kapsamında ürün isim değişikliğinin reklam aracılığıyla sunumunun izleyiciye yansıması. İnönü Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi (İNİF E-Dergi), 10(1), 192-215.
  • Saldana, J. (2022). Nitel araştırmacılar için kodlama el kitabı (Çev. A. Tüfekci Akcan & S. N. Şad). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Serafeim, G. (2023). ESG: From process to product (Harvard Business School Accounting & Management Unit Working Paper No. 23-069). SSRN. https://ssrn.com/abstract=4460631
  • Sibai, O., Mimoun, L., & Boukis, A. (2021). Authenticating brand activism: Negotiating the boundaries of free speech to make a change. Psychology & Marketing, 38(10), 1651–1669. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21477
  • Silveira, P. D., Sandes, F. S., Xara-Brasil, D., & Menezes, K. (2021). Brands’ green activism: An empirical comparison between posts of digital influencers and brands. Portuguese Journal of Marketing, 53(1), 45–62.* https://comum.rcaap.pt/handle/10400.26/41450
  • Türkiye İhracatçılar Meclisi [TİM] & İstanbul Hazır Giyim ve Konfeksiyon İhracatçıları Birliği [İHKİB]. (2024). 2024 yılı hazır giyim ve konfeksiyon sektörü ihracat verileri. https://www.tim.org.tr
  • Tworzydło, D., Gawroński, S., Opolska-Bielańska, A., & Szuba, P. (2024). Sustainability in public relations campaigns: Diagnosis of the phenomenon using the example of pr industry research in Poland. Sustainability, 16(10), 4252. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16104252
  • Uğurlu, D., & Yalçın, M. (2022). Kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik iletişiminde halkla ilişkiler uygulamaları: Türkiye’deki hazır giyim markaları üzerine bir değerlendirme. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi, 54, 87–110.
  • Vredenburg, J., & MacInnis, D. J. (2023). The credibility challenge of brand activism: The role of stakeholder trust and perceived sincerity. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 33(2), 263–281. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcpy.1302
  • Vredenburg, J., Kapitan, S., Spry, A., & Kemper, J. A. (2020). Brands taking a stand: Authentic brand activism or woke washing? Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 39(4), 444–460. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743915620947359
  • Wheeler, A. (2013). Designing brand identity : An essential guide for the whole branding team (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  • Wicaksono, A. R. A., Ray, E. L., & Prakosa, B. G. (2025). The Influence of brand activism on consumer loyalty and social change. Society, 13(2), 698–713. https://doi.org/10.33019/society.v13i2.841
  • Wieser, V. E., Hemetsberger, A., & Luedicke, M. K. (2019). Protest rhetoric’s appeal: How brands as moral entrepreneurs recruit the media into moral struggles. Research in the Sociology of Organizations, 151–166. https://doi.org/10.1108/s0733-558x20190000063016
  • World Commission on Environment and Development. (1987). Our common future. Oxford University Press.
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İletişim Çalışmaları, Halkla İlişkiler, Halkla İlişkiler Yöntem ve Araçları
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Mustafa Gültepe 0000-0003-3113-1276

Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Temmuz 2025
Kabul Tarihi 11 Kasım 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 12 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Gültepe, M. (2025). SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK STRATEJİLERİNİN HALKLA İLİŞKİLER AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ: HAZIR GİYİM MARKALARINDA MARKA AKTİVİZMİ YAKLAŞIMLARI. İnönü Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi (İNİF E-Dergi), 10(2), 953-975. https://doi.org/10.47107/inifedergi.1736543