VERİ ZARFLAMA ANALİZİNDE ÖLÇEĞE GÖRE GETİRİ DURUMU: ÜNİVERSİTELERİN ETKİNLİK ÖLÇÜMÜ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 264 - 275, 31.12.2021

Akın Özkan

Öz

Girdi ile çıktı arasındaki ilişkinin bir yorumu olan ölçeğe göre getiri durumu, karar vericiler ve politika yapıcılar için önemli bir göstergedir. Çalışmanın temel amacı Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) yaklaşımında ölçeğe göre getiri durumunun belirlenmesinde kullanılabilecek yöntemlerin bir çerçevesini çizerek, literatüre göre getiri durumunu doğru şekilde belirlemenin yolunu göstermektir. Bu nedenle, VZA yaklaşımında ölçeğe göre getiri yönünü belirlemek için yaygın olarak kullanılan üç temel yöntem karşılaştırmalı olarak ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca üç farklı VZA modeli kullanılarak 50 Türk üniversitenin göreli ekinlikleri ölçülmüştür. Bu üç model açısından bakıldığında üniversitelerin %50’den fazlasının etkin olduğu, %80’den fazlasının etkinlik skorlarının 0,8-1 arasında değer aldığı görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte yaklaşık olarak %40’nın ölçeğe göre sabit getiri (CRS), %34’nün ölçeğe göre artan getiri (IRS) ve %26’sının ölçeğe göre azalan getiri (DRS) altında faaliyet gösterdiği bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ölçeğe göre getiri durumu, Veri zarflama analizi, Üniversite etkinlik ölçümü, VZA, Performans ölçümü

THE SITUATION OF RETURNS TO SCALE IN DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS: AN APPLICATION ON THE EFFICIENCY MEASUREMENT OF UNIVERSITIES

Öz

Estimation of return to scale, which is an interpretation of the relationship between input and output, is an important indicator for decision-makers and policymakers. The main purpose of the study is to show the way to correctly determine the returns to scale estimates according to the literature and to drawing a frame of the methods that can be used to determine the returns to scale situation in the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). For this reason, three basic methods commonly used to determine the direction of return to scale in the DEA approach are discussed comparatively. In the study, the relative efficiency of 50 Turkish universities was also measured using three different DEA models From the point of view of these three models, it was seen that more than 50% of the universities were efficient, and the efficiency scores of more than 80% were between 0.8 and 1. In addition, approximately 40% of them were found to have constant returns to scale (CRS), 34% to increasing returns to scale (IRS) and 40% to diminishing returns to scale (DRS).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Return to scale, Data envelopment analysis, University efficiency measurement, DEA, Performance evaluation

Kaynakça

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