SERVİKS KANSERİ TARAMASINA BAŞVURAN KADINLARDA SAĞLIKLI YAŞAM BİÇİMİ DAVRANIŞLARI VE ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER

Yıl 2023, , 1244 - 1257, 17.03.2023

Şükran Ertekin Pınar , Sevde Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.1164852

Öz

Araştırma serviks kanseri taramasına başvuran kadınlarda sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı araştırmanın örneklemini Kanser Erken Teşhis, Tarama ve Eğitim Merkezi’ne başvuran 122 kadın (30-65 yaş arası) oluşturmuştur. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği II ile toplanmıştır. Kadınların %79.5’i menopoza girmediğini, %95.1’i ailede serviks kanseri tanısı alan bir yakını olmadığını, %86.9’u düzenli serviks kanseri taraması yaptırmadığını, ancak %96,7’si de erken tanının önemli olduğunu belirtmiştir. Lise ve üzerinde eğitim seviyesine sahip (p=0.001), sağlık (p=0.003) ve gelirini (p=0.006) iyi düzeyde algılayan, ailedeki kararlara katılan (p=0.001) ve düzenli serviks kanseri taraması yaptıran (p=0.035) kadınların Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği II toplam puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmıştır. Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları eğitim, sağlık ve gelir düzeylerini, ailedeki kararlara katılma ve düzenli serviks kanseri taraması yaptırma durumlarını etkilemektedir. Sonuçlar düzenli serviks kanseri taraması yapılması, sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının teşvik edilmesi ve farkındalık yaratılması konusunda sağlık profesyonellerine yol gösterici olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Davranış, Kadın sağlığı, Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi, Serviks kanseri.

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Proje Numarası

Yok

Teşekkür

Yazarlar olarak çalışmaya katılan kadınlara teşekkür ederiz.

Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors and Impacting Factors in Women Applied for Cervical Cancer Screening

Öz

The study was conducted to determine healthy lifestyle behaviors and factors affecting women who applied to cervical cancer screening. The sample of the descriptive research consisted of 122 women (30-65 years old) who applied to the Center of Cancer Early Diagnosis, Screening, and Education. The data were collected with the Personal Information Form and Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Scale II. 79.5% of the women stated that they did not go through menopause, 95.1% did not have a relative diagnosed with cervical cancer in the family, 86.9% did not have regular cervical cancer screening, and 96.7% stated that early diagnosis was important. A statistically significant difference was found between the total mean scores of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale II of women who had a high school and upper education level (p=0.001), perceived their health (p=0.003) and income (p=0.006) at a good level, participated in family decisions (p=0.001), and had regular cervical cancer screening (p=0.035). Healthy lifestyle behaviors affect education, health and income levels, participation in family decisions, and regular cervical cancer screening. The results can guide healthcare professionals in regular screening for cervical cancer, promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors, and raising awareness.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Behavior, Female health, Healthy lifestyle, Cervical cancer.

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

• Abdikarim, I. K., Atieno, W. M. C. ve Habtu, M. (2017). Prevalence and associated factors of cervical cancer screening among Somali women in an urban settlement in Kenya. J Comm Pub Health Nursing, 3(1), 159. https://doi.org/10.4172/2471-9846.1000159
• Acar, G. B. ve Pınar, G. (2015). Perspectives of women during reproductive years for cervical cancer scans and influencing factors. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 16(16), 7171–7178. https://doi.org/ 10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.16.7171
• Agide, F. D., Garmaroudi, G., Sadeghi, R., Shakibazadeh, E., Yaseri, M., Koricha, Z. B. ve Tigabu, B. M. (2018). A systematic review of the effectiveness of health education interventions to increase cervical cancer screening uptake. The European Journal of Public Health, 28(6), 1156–1162. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cky197
• Akdağ Koç, S., Kaner, G. ve Ayer, Ç. (2022). Menopoz döneminde beslenmenin yönetimi. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 191-197.
• Al-amro, S. Q., Gharaibeh, M. K. ve Oweis, A. I. (2020). Factors associated with cervical cancer screening uptake: implications for the health of women in Jordan. Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 9690473. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9690473
• Aredo, M. A., Sendo, E. G. ve Deressa, J. T. (2021). Knowledge of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among women attending maternal health services at Aira Hospital, West Wollega, Ethiopia. SAGE Open Medicine, 9, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121211047063
• Aydin Kartal, Y., Yazici, S., Solt, A., Dutucu, N., Gunaydin, S., Citil, E. T. ve Arik, E. (2018). Evaluation of the pap smear test status of women and affecting factors. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 11(2), 1231–1238.
• Aygun, O., Gokdemir, O., Bulut, U., Yaprak, S. ve Ozcakar, N. (2020). Evaluation of women’s beliefs about pap smear screening using the health belief model scale. J Ist Faculty Med, 83(4), 421–426. https://doi.org/10.26650/IUITFD.2020.0023
• Bahar, Z., Beser, A., Gördes, N., Ersin, F. ve Kıssal, A. (2008). Sağlıklı yasam biçimi davranışları ölçeği II’nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. C.Ü. Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi, 12(1), 1–13.
• Bahri, N., Jajvandian, R., Bolandhemmat, M. ve Najmabadi, K. M. (2015). Knowledge, attitudes and practice about pap smear test among women living in Bojnourd, North East of Iran: A population-based study. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 16(5), 2013–2018. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2015.16.5.2013
• Beşer, A., Bahar, Z. ve Büyükkaya, D. (2007). Health promoting behaviors and factors related to lifestyle among Turkish workers and occupational health nurses’ responsibilities in their health promoting activities. Ind Health, 45(1), 151–159. https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.45.151.
• Butler, T. L., Anderson, K., Condon, J. R., Garvey, G., Brotherton, J. M. L., Cunningham, J., ...Whop, L. J. (2020). Indigenous Australian women’s experiences of participation in cervical screening. PLoS ONE, 15(6), e0234536. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234536
• Cangol, E., Sogut, S., Berberoglu, U. ve Dolu I. (2020). Evaluation of women having pap smear test by Health Belief Model Scale. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 13(1), 333–342.
• Ertekin Pınar, Ş., Yıldırım, G., Duran Aksoy, Ö. ve Cesur, B. (2015). Kadına özgü bir sorun: Menopozda ruh sağlığı. International Journal of Human Sciences, 12(2), 787–798.
• Gök Uğur, H. ve Aydın Avcı, İ. (2015). Kanser tarama merkezine başvuran kadınların sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının erken tanı bilgi ve uygulamalarına etkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(2), 244–258.
• Indra, L. S., Mahamud, M. Z., Ling, N. Z., Manaf, R. A. ve Ismail, S. (2017). Pap smear uptake and its associated factors among Orang Asli Women in Selangor. Mal J Med Health Sci, 13(3), 3–10.
• Jentschke, M., Lehmann, R., Drews, N., Hansel, A., Schmitz, M. ve Hillemanns, P. (2020). Psychological distress in cervical cancer screening: results from a German online survey. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 302, 699–705. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-020-05661-9
• Karabulutlu, O. (2013). Evaluation of the pap smear test status of Turkish women and related factors. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 14 (2), 981-986.
• Kılıç, M. (2018). Determination of state of women to have pap smear test and the associated factors. Sakarya Med J, 8(4), 830–839.
• Momeni, R., Hosseini, Z., Aghamolaei, T. ve Ghanbarnejad, A. (2020). Determinants factors to pap smear screening among married women in a city of South Iran: Applying the BASNEF model. BMC Women’s Health, 20, 237. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-01102-6
• Mousavi, F., Shojaei, P. ve Aryan, H. (2018). Knowledge, attitudes, and practice related to pap smear test among Iranian women. Int J Womens Health Wellness, 4, 076. https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-1353/1510076
• Ngari, D. M., Nyamiaka, M. S. ve Mukami, F. M. (2021). Factors affecting cervical cancer screening among women below 25 years in Kithare Area, Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 11, 485–503. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojog.2021.115046
• Okunowo, A. A., Daramola, E. S., Soibi-Harry, A. P., Ezenwankwo, F. C., Kuku, J. O., Okunade, K. S. ve Anorlu, R. I. (2018). Women's knowledge of cervical cancer and uptake of pap smear testing and the factors influencing it in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Journal of Cancer Research and Practice, 5, 105–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrpr.2018.02.001
• Önal, B. ve Alp Yılmaz, F. (2020). Attitudes of women toward for early diagnosis of cervical cancer: Health responsibility and associated factors. Cukurova Med J, 45(1), 14–21. https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.627427
• Öztoprak, F. S. ve Ege, E. (2021). Kadın işçilerin kanser bilgi yükü ile sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ilişkisinin incelenmesi. EGEHFD, 37(2), 141–156.
• Pandey, R. A. ve Karmacharya, E. (2017). Cervical cancer screening behavior and associated factors among women of Ugrachandi Nala, Kavre, Nepal. Eur J Med Res, 22, 32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-017-0274-9
• Stevens, C., Vrinten, C., Smith, S. G., Waller, J. ve Beeken, R. J. (2018). Determinants of willingness to receive healthy lifestyle advice in the context of cancer screening. British Journal of Cancer, 119, 251–257. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-018-0160-4
• Sumarmi, S., Hsu, Y. Y., Cheng, Y. M. ve Lee, S. H. (2021). Factors associated with the intention to undergo Pap smear testing in the rural areas of Indonesia: A health belief model. Reprod Health, 18, 138. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-021-01188-7
• Walker, S. N. ve Hill-Polerecky, D. M. (1996). Psychometric evaluation of the health promoting lifestyle profile II. Unpublished manuscript. University of Nebraska Medical Center.
• Walker, S. N., Sechrist, K. R. ve Pender, N. J. (1987). The Health promoting lifestyle profile development and psychometric chracteristics. Nurs Res, 36 (2), 76–80.
• Williams, J., Rakovac, I., Victoria, J., Tatarinova, T., Corbex, M., Barr, B., …Breda, J. (2021). Cervical cancer testing among women aged 30–49 years in the WHO European Region. The European Journal of Public Health, 31(4), 884–889. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab100
• World Health Organization (WHO). Cervical cancer. https://www.who.int/health-topics/cervical-cancer#tab=tab_1. Erişim tarihi: 01-06-2022
• Yanikkerem, E., Karakuş Selçuk, A. ve Esmeray N. (2018). Women’s attitude and beliefs about cervical cancer and pap smear test by using the health belief model. Int J Cancer Clin Res, 5(3), 102. https://doi.org/10.23937/2378-3419/1410102
• Yılmazel, G. ve Büyükkayacı Duman, N. (2016). 18-64 yaş arasındaki kadınlarda sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ve koruyucu sağlık uygulamaları: Çorum ili örneği. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 15(2), 92–97.
• Yuceler Kacmaz, H. ve Curuk, G. N. (2018). Healthy lifestyle behaviours and attitudes of relatives of patients with colorectal cancer towards protection from colorectal cancer. Turk J Clin Lab, 9(1), 36–49.