İnfertilite Tanısı Alan Kadınların Stigma Deneyimleri ve Baş Etme Yolları: Bir Derleme

Yıl 2022, , 139 - 150, 05.07.2022

Hatice Emekli , Mehmet Şakiroğlu

https://doi.org/10.55543/insan.1070022

Cited By: 2

Öz

İnfertilite, birçok kadının, fiziksel ve psikolojik olarak negatif etkilendiği bir durum olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Birçok çift infertilite deneyimlemekle birlikte birçok olguda hamile kalamama durumunda sosyal damgalanmaya (stigma) maruz kalan kadınlar olmaktadır. Yapılan araştırmalar duygu odaklı baş etme mekanizmalarının ve yeni yaşam odakları bulmanın, infertilitenin olumsuz etkileri ile ve ilişkili damgalanma etkileriyle baş etmede etkili olduğunu desteklemektedir. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, infertilitenin kadınlar üzerindeki olumsuz psikolojik etkilerine ve stigma deneyimlerine yönelik baş etmede etkili stratejiler sunmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

infertilite, stigma, annelik, baş etme, sosyal stigma, infertilite ve kadınlar

Kaynakça

• Referans1 American Society of Reproductive Medicine. Frequently asked questions about infertility. Available at: http://www.asrm.org/ASRM_homepage. Accessed September 16, 2011.
• Referans2 Ay, R. (2017). Epilepsy and stigmatization: A review. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 20, 129–136.
• Referans 3 Bornstein, M., Gipson, J. D., Failing, G., Banda, V., & Norris, A. (2020). Individual and community-level impact of infertility-related stigma in Malawi. Social Science & Medicine, 251, 112910.
• Referans4 Daibes, M. A., Safadi, R. R., Athamneh, T., Anees, I. F., & Constantino, R. E. (2018). ‘Half a woman, half a man; that is how they make me feel’: A qualitative study of rural Jordanian women’s experience of infertility. Culture, Health & Sexuality, 20(5), 516–530.
• Referans5 Donkor, E. S., & Sandall, J. (2007). The impact of perceived stigma and mediating social factors on infertility-related stress among women seeking infertility treatment Southern Ghana. Social Science & Medicine, 65(8), 1683–1694.
• Referans6 Eren, N. (2008). İnfertil çiftlerde algılan sosyal desteğin infertilite ile ilişkili stres ve evlilik uyumu üzerine etkisi. [Yayınlanmamış Uzmanlık Tezi] Ankara: Gazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri AD.
• Referans7 Fisher, J. R., Baker, G. H., & Hammarberg, K. (2010). Long-term health, well-being, life satisfaction, and attitudes toward parenthood in men diagnosed as infertile: challenges to gender stereotypes and implications for practice. Fertility and Sterility, 94(2), 574-580.
• Referans8 Fu, B., Qin, N., Cheng, L., Tang, G., Cao, Y., Yan, C., ... & Lei, J. (2015). Development and validation of an infertility stigma scale for Chinese women. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 79(1), 69-75.
• Referans9 Jansen, N. A., & Saint Onge, J. M. (2015). An internet forum analysis of stigma power perceptions among women seeking fertility treatment in the United States. Social Science & Medicine, 147, 184-189.
• Referans10 Kainz, K. (2001). The role of the psychologist in the evaluation and treatment of infertility. Women's Health Issues, 11(6), 481-485.
• Referans11 Karaca, A., & Ünsal, G. (2012). İnfertilitenin Kadın Ruh Sağlığı Üzerine Etkileri ve Psikiyatri Hemşiresinin Rolü. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 3(2), 80-85.
• Referans12 Kavas, E. (2013). The relationship between religious attitude and coping with stress. Journal of Social Sciences, 37, 143–168.
• Referans13 Kaya, Z., & Oskay, U. (2020). Stigma, hopelessness and coping experiences of Turkish women with infertility. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 38(5), 485-496.
• Referans14 Keskin, G., & Gümüş, A. B. (2014). Infertility: An examination hopelessness perspective. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 5(1), 9–16.
• Referans15 Koçyigit, O. T. (2012). Infertility and its socio-cultural impacts. ˙İnsanbilim Dergisi, 1(1), 27–37.
• Referans16 Kyei, J. M., Manu, A., Kotoh, A. M., Adjei, C. A., & Ankomah, A. (2021). Beliefs about children and the psychosocial implications of infertility on individuals seeking assisted fertilization in Ghana. Reproductive Biomedicine & Society Online, 12, 88-95.
• Referans17 LeBel, T. (2008). Perceptions of and responses to stigma. Sociol Compass, 2, 409–32.
• Referans18 Lulé, D., Ludolph, A. C., & Kübler, A. (2018). Psychological morbidity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Depression, anxiety, hopelessness. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/med/9780198757726.003.0003.
• Referans19 Mascarenhas, M. N., Flaxman, S. R., Boerma, T., Vanderpoel, S., Mathers, C. D., & Stevens, G. A. (2013). Trends in primary and secondary infertility prevalence since 1990: a systematic analysis of demographic and reproductive health surveys. The Lancet, 381, S90.
• Referans20 Missmer, S. A., Seifer, D. B., & Jain, T. (2011). Cultural factors contributing to health care disparities among patients with infertility in Midwestern United States. Fertility and Sterility, 95(6), 1943–1949.
• Referans21 NHS. 2018b. Causes: Infertility. NHS. Accessed April 12, 2019. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/infertility/causes/
• Referans22 NICE. 2018b. Fertility Problems: Assessment and Treatment: Assisted Reproduction. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Accessed April 12, 2019. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg156/ifp/chapter/ assisted-reproduction
• Referans23 Obeisat, S., Gharaibeh, M. K., Oweis, A., & Gharaibeh, H. (2012). Adversities of being infertile: the experience of Jordanian women. Fertility and Sterility, 98(2), 444-449.
• Referans24 Öztürk, A., Aba, Y. A., & Sık, B. A. (2021). The Relationship Between Stigma, Perceived Social Support and Depression in Infertile Turkish Women Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 35, 434-440.
• Referans25 Papreen, N., Sharma, A., Sabin, K., Begum, L., Ahsan, S. K., & Baqui, A. H. (2000). Living with infertility: experiences among urban slum populations in Bangladesh. Reproductive Health Matters, 8(15), 33-44.
• Referans26 Ramazanzadeh, F., Noorbala, A.A., Abedinia, N., & Naghizadeh, M.M. (2009). Emotional adjustment in infertile couples: systematic review article. Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 7, 97-103.
• Referans27 Remennick, L. (2000). Childless in the land of imperative motherhood: Stigma and coping among infertile Israeli women. Sex Roles, 43(11), 821-841.
• Referans28 Scully, Anne-Marie. (2014). Motherhoodwinked: An Infertility Memoir. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
• Referans29 Slade, P., O’Neill, C., Simpson, A.J., & Lashen, H. (2007). The relationship between perceived stigma, disclosure patterns, support and distress in new attendees at an infertility clinic. Human Reproduction, 22(8), 2309-2317.
• Referans30 Tabong, P. T. N., & Adongo, P. B. (2013). Infertility and childlessness: A qualitative study of the experiences of infertile couples in Northern Ghana. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 13(1), 72.
• Referans31 Van Brakel, W. H., Anderson, A. M., Mutatkar, R. K., Bakirtzief, Z., Nicholls, P. G., Raju, M. S., & Das-Pattanayak, R. K. (2006). The Participation Scale: measuring a key concept in public health. Disability and Rehabilitation, 28(4), 193-203.
• Referans32 Van den Broeck, U., Emery, M., Wischmann, T., & Thorn, P. (2010). Counselling in infertility: individual, couple and group interventions. Patient Education and Counseling, 81(3), 422-428.
• Referans33 Whiteford, L. M., & Gonzalez, L. (1995). Stigma: the hidden burden of infertility. Social Science & Medicine, 40(1), 27-36.
• Referans34 WHO. (2018). Sexual and Reproductive Health: Infertility Definitions and Terminology. World Health Organisation. Accessed April 12, 2019. http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/infertility/definitions/en/
• Referans35 Yağmur, Y., & Oltuluoğlu, H. (2012). Social support and hopelessness in women undergoing infertility treatment in eastern Turkey. Public Health Nursing, 29(2), 99–104.
• Referans36 Ying, L. Y., Wu, L. H., & Loke, A. Y. (2015). Gender differences in experiences with and adjustments to infertility: A literature review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 52(10), 1640-1652.