Anthrozoological Study on the Agro-Pastoral Societies of Kiziltepe, Southeast Anatolia

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 16, 121 - 138, 02.05.2018

Süleyman Şanlı , Abu Bakar Siddiq

https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.378568

Cited By: 2

Öz

Since the origin, humans have been depended and formed
mixtures of complex relationships with nonhuman animals. These mutualistic relationships
eventually intensified following the animal domestication. Southeast Anatolia
is one of the important regions where the first domestication of sheep, goat,
cattle, and pig occurred as well as domestic herds have been fundamental in
every socio-cultural aspect in the region until today. Therefore, Southeast
Anatolia has been an ideal place for pastoral and antorozoological study. Through
fieldworks and exploratory case studies in agro-pastoral societies in Kızıltepe,
we found certain sheep, goats, and cattle are capable of distinguishing and
recognizing human and other cross-species individuals as like they do in their
own species. Alongside of providing protein, wealth and social status, herd
animals in Kızıltepe also possess deep affection and emotional bonds with human
individuals as like as pets in urban societies. On the other hand, we do not observe
any gender or sibling effect in children-animal bond which was focused in some
contemporary studies. Our overall observations and findings also demonstrate
some intangible culture cores in Southeast Anatolia which is promoted mainly by
the complex relationships between human and their domestic herds. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anthrozoology, Human-Animal bond, Pastoralism, Southeast Anatolia, Kızıltepe

Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesinde Kızıltepe’deki Agro-Pastoral Topluluklar Üzerine Bir Antrozoolojik İnceleme

Öz

İnsanlar
dünyada varlıktan beri diğer hayvanlarla karmaşık ilişkileri kurup
yaşamaktadır. Bu karşılıklı ilişkiler, sonunda hayvanların evcilleştirilmesinin
ardından yoğunlaştı. Güneydoğu Anadolu, koyun, keçi, sığır ve domuzun ilk
evcilleştirilmesinin önemli bölgelerden biridir ve ayrıca evcil sürüleri
bölgedeki her sosyo-kültürel açıdan bugüne kadar de önemli olduğunu söz
konusudur. Bu nedenle, Güneydoğu Anadolu pastoral ekonomi ve insan-hayvan
ilişkileri incelemek için ideal bir yer olarak kabul edilmektedir. Kızıltepe'deki
pastoral toplumlarda yapılan saha çalışması ve vaka araştırmaları sonucunda, bu
makale bazı koyun, keçi ve sığırlar, insanların yanı sıra diğer türe ait hayvan
bireylerine ayırt edebilecek ve tanıyabilecek nitelikte olduklarını tespit etmektedir.
Kızıltepe'deki sürü hayvanlar, protein, zenginlik ve sosyal statü sağlamanın
yanı sıra, kentsel toplumlarda evcil hayvanlar gibi insanlara duygusal bağlar
ve derin sevgi de göstermektedir. Öte yandan, çağdaş bazı araştırmalara
odaklanan sonuçların aksine Kızıltepe’deki çocuk-hayvan işinkiler içinde herhangi
bir cinsiyet veya kardeşlik etkisi gözlemlenmemektedir. Genel gözlemlerimiz ve
bulgularımız, aynı zamanda, Güneydoğu Anadolu'da insan ve sürü hayvanları arasındaki
karmaşık ilişkiler nedeniyle teşvik edilen bazı somut olmayan kültürel
faktörleri de göstermektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antrozooloji, İnsan-Hayvan ilişki, Pastoralizm, Güneydoğu Anadolu, Kızıltepe

Kaynakça

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