İnceleme Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Kanunun Üstünlüğü, Ahlak ve Modern Devlet

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 281 - 306, 28.03.2023

Öz

Hukukun üstünlüğü kavramı temel bir ilke olarak, modern sosyal hayat ve devlet olgusunun merkezinde yer alan oldukça belirleyici bir olgudur. Siyasal karar, uygulama ve süreçlerde keyfiliği ortadan kaldıran, hukukun yönetilenler kadar yöneticileri de bağladığını ifade eden mezkur kavram, ahlaki bir ilke olarak Stoacılık ve buna bağlı olarak Roma hukuk felsefesi bağlamında tartışılmıştır. Bu makaledeki temel amaç, Avrupa’da ortaya çıkan ve oradan İslam dünyasını ve dünyanın geri kalan hemen her coğrafyasındaki devlet olgusunu şeklen belirleyen modern devlet olgusunu “hukukun üstünlüğü” ilkesi bağlamında tartışmaktır. Zira modern devletin temel felsefesi çağdaş hukuk (pozitif hukuk) kavramına dayanmaktadır. Hukukun üstünlüğü fikrinin felsefi ve tarihsel gelişimi metodolojik olarak Batı hukuk düşüncesinde stoacılık, Rechtsstaat, Etat de droit, Stato di diritto, rule of law gibi temel kavramlar bağlamında karşılaştırmalı olarak tartışılmıştır. Bu amaca matuf olmak üzere ilgili literatürde yer alan yaklaşımlar değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çerçevede Alman hukuk anlayışını ifade eden Rechtsstaat, Fransız hukuk görüşünü yansıtan Etat de droit ve İtalyan hukuk felsefesini yansıtan Stato di diritto kavramları, İngiliz hukuk felsefesinin ifadesi olan rule of law kavramıyla bağlantılı olarak tartışılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Algra, K. (2003) Stoic theology. In B. Inwood (Ed.) The Cambridge companion to the Stoics (pp. 153-178). Cambridge University Press.
  • Allan, T. R. S. (2016). The rule of law. In D. Dyzenhaus & M. Thorburn (Eds.), Philosophical foundations of constitutional law. Oxford University Press.
  • Bahlul, R. (2007). Is constitutionalism compatible with Islam? In P. Costa & D. Zolo (Eds.), The rule of Law history, theory and criticism (pp. 515-542). Springer.
  • Becker, L. C. (1997) A new Stoicism. Princeton University Press.
  • Bobbio, N. (1996). The age of rights. Polity Press.
  • Brun, J. (2000). Stoa felsefesi. İletişim Yayınları.
  • Cannon, J. (Ed.). (2003). The Oxford companion to British history. Oxford University Press
  • Cicero, C. T. (2014). Complete works. Delphi Classics.
  • Colish, M. (1985). The Stoic tradition from antiquity to the early Middle Ages. E. J. Brill.
  • Costa, P. (2007). The rule of law: A historical introduction. In P. Costa & D. Zolo (Eds.), The rule of law history, theory and criticism (pp. 73-149). Springer.
  • Costa, P., & Zolo, D. (Eds.). (2007). The rule of law history, theory and criticism. Springer.
  • Dahl, R. A. (1959). A preface to democratic theory. University of Chicago Press.
  • Dicey, A. V. (1948). Introduction to the study of the law of the constitution (9th ed.). MacMillan.
  • Du Plesis, P. J., Ando, C., & Tuori, K. (2016). The Oxford handbook of Roman law and society. Oxford University Press.
  • Dunn, J. (1994). Democracy: The unfinished journey, 508 BC-1993 AD. Oxford University Press.
  • Epictetus. (2008). Discourses and selected writings (R. Dobbin, Tran.). Penguin.
  • Ferrajoli, L. (2007). The past and the future of the rule of law. In P. Costa & D. Zolo (Eds.), The rule of law history, theory and criticism (pp.323-352). Springer.
  • Finnis, J. (1980). Natural law and natural rights. Clarendon Press.
  • Gaus. G. (2011). The order of public reason: A theory of freedom and morality in a diverse and bounded world. Cambridge University Press.
  • Gill, C. (2003) The school in the Roman Imperial period. In B. Inwood (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to the stoics (pp.33-58). Cambridge University Press.
  • Harding, A. (2001). Medieval law and the foundations of the state. Oxford University Press.
  • Hart, H. L. A. (1994). The concept of law. Clarendon Press.
  • Hine, H. H. (2010), Seneca: Natural questions. University of Chicago Press.
  • Karpat, K. (2016). Kısa Türkiye tarihi. Timaş Yayınları.
  • Laertius, D. (2015). Lives of the eminent philosophers (R. D. Hicks, Tran.). Delphi Classics.
  • Lijphart, A. (1999). Patterns of democracy: Government forms and performance in thirty-six countries. Yale University Press
  • Mardin, Ş. (1973). Center-periphery relations: A key to Turkish politics? Daedalus, 102(1), 169–190.
  • Maris, C. & Jacobs, F. (Ed.). (2011). Law, order and freedom: A historical introduction to legal philosophy (J. de Ville, Tran.). Springer.
  • McClelland, J. S. (2018). A history of Western political thought. Routledge.
  • Radin, M. (1925). Fundamental concepts of Roman law. California Law Review.
  • Riddall, J. G. (1999). Jurisprudence (2nd ed.). Butterworth Heinemann.
  • Sartori, G. (1987). The theory of democracy revisited (Vols. 1-2). Chatham House.
  • Schmitt, C. (2005). Political theology: Four chapters on the concept of sovereignty. University of Chicago Press.
  • Seneca, L. A. (2014). Complete works of Seneca the younger. Delphi Classics.
  • Seneca. (n.d.) Naturales quaestiones (Books I-III). Loeb Classical Library.
  • Simmons, A. J. (2001). Justification and legitimacy: Essays on rights and obligations. Cambridge University Press.
  • Spurlin, P. M. (1969). Montesquieu in America: 1760-1801. Octagon Books.
  • Stein, P. (2012). Roman law in European history. Cambridge University Press.
  • Walbank, F. W. (1957). A historical commentary on Polybius. Clarendon Press.
  • Zolo, D. (2007). The rule of law: A critical reappraisal. In P. Costa & D. Zolo (Eds.)., The Rule of Law: History, Theory and Criticism (pp.3-71). Springer.

The Relationship Among the Rule of Law, Morality, and the Modern State

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 281 - 306, 28.03.2023

Öz

At the heart of modern society and states is the concept of the rule of law as a fundamental principle. In the context of Stoicism, it is considered as a moral principle and Roman legal philosophy for removing arbitrariness from political judgments, practices, and processes. Accordingly, this article’s main goal is to examine the phenomenon of modern states, which began in Europe but has since spread to many other regions of the world, in terms of the rule of law as this notion is the basis for all modern states (i.e., positive law). A comparative study is conducted in this regard in order to compare and contrast Western legal precedents such as Stoicism, Rechtsstaat [rule of law], also known as État de droit in French and Stato di diritto in Italian, with respect to its philosophical and historical development over time. The relevant literature was analyzed in order to determine the best method. In this framework, the study explores the notions of Rechtsstaat as the German, État de droit as the French, and Stato di diritto as the Italian philosophy of law.

Kaynakça

  • Algra, K. (2003) Stoic theology. In B. Inwood (Ed.) The Cambridge companion to the Stoics (pp. 153-178). Cambridge University Press.
  • Allan, T. R. S. (2016). The rule of law. In D. Dyzenhaus & M. Thorburn (Eds.), Philosophical foundations of constitutional law. Oxford University Press.
  • Bahlul, R. (2007). Is constitutionalism compatible with Islam? In P. Costa & D. Zolo (Eds.), The rule of Law history, theory and criticism (pp. 515-542). Springer.
  • Becker, L. C. (1997) A new Stoicism. Princeton University Press.
  • Bobbio, N. (1996). The age of rights. Polity Press.
  • Brun, J. (2000). Stoa felsefesi. İletişim Yayınları.
  • Cannon, J. (Ed.). (2003). The Oxford companion to British history. Oxford University Press
  • Cicero, C. T. (2014). Complete works. Delphi Classics.
  • Colish, M. (1985). The Stoic tradition from antiquity to the early Middle Ages. E. J. Brill.
  • Costa, P. (2007). The rule of law: A historical introduction. In P. Costa & D. Zolo (Eds.), The rule of law history, theory and criticism (pp. 73-149). Springer.
  • Costa, P., & Zolo, D. (Eds.). (2007). The rule of law history, theory and criticism. Springer.
  • Dahl, R. A. (1959). A preface to democratic theory. University of Chicago Press.
  • Dicey, A. V. (1948). Introduction to the study of the law of the constitution (9th ed.). MacMillan.
  • Du Plesis, P. J., Ando, C., & Tuori, K. (2016). The Oxford handbook of Roman law and society. Oxford University Press.
  • Dunn, J. (1994). Democracy: The unfinished journey, 508 BC-1993 AD. Oxford University Press.
  • Epictetus. (2008). Discourses and selected writings (R. Dobbin, Tran.). Penguin.
  • Ferrajoli, L. (2007). The past and the future of the rule of law. In P. Costa & D. Zolo (Eds.), The rule of law history, theory and criticism (pp.323-352). Springer.
  • Finnis, J. (1980). Natural law and natural rights. Clarendon Press.
  • Gaus. G. (2011). The order of public reason: A theory of freedom and morality in a diverse and bounded world. Cambridge University Press.
  • Gill, C. (2003) The school in the Roman Imperial period. In B. Inwood (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to the stoics (pp.33-58). Cambridge University Press.
  • Harding, A. (2001). Medieval law and the foundations of the state. Oxford University Press.
  • Hart, H. L. A. (1994). The concept of law. Clarendon Press.
  • Hine, H. H. (2010), Seneca: Natural questions. University of Chicago Press.
  • Karpat, K. (2016). Kısa Türkiye tarihi. Timaş Yayınları.
  • Laertius, D. (2015). Lives of the eminent philosophers (R. D. Hicks, Tran.). Delphi Classics.
  • Lijphart, A. (1999). Patterns of democracy: Government forms and performance in thirty-six countries. Yale University Press
  • Mardin, Ş. (1973). Center-periphery relations: A key to Turkish politics? Daedalus, 102(1), 169–190.
  • Maris, C. & Jacobs, F. (Ed.). (2011). Law, order and freedom: A historical introduction to legal philosophy (J. de Ville, Tran.). Springer.
  • McClelland, J. S. (2018). A history of Western political thought. Routledge.
  • Radin, M. (1925). Fundamental concepts of Roman law. California Law Review.
  • Riddall, J. G. (1999). Jurisprudence (2nd ed.). Butterworth Heinemann.
  • Sartori, G. (1987). The theory of democracy revisited (Vols. 1-2). Chatham House.
  • Schmitt, C. (2005). Political theology: Four chapters on the concept of sovereignty. University of Chicago Press.
  • Seneca, L. A. (2014). Complete works of Seneca the younger. Delphi Classics.
  • Seneca. (n.d.) Naturales quaestiones (Books I-III). Loeb Classical Library.
  • Simmons, A. J. (2001). Justification and legitimacy: Essays on rights and obligations. Cambridge University Press.
  • Spurlin, P. M. (1969). Montesquieu in America: 1760-1801. Octagon Books.
  • Stein, P. (2012). Roman law in European history. Cambridge University Press.
  • Walbank, F. W. (1957). A historical commentary on Polybius. Clarendon Press.
  • Zolo, D. (2007). The rule of law: A critical reappraisal. In P. Costa & D. Zolo (Eds.)., The Rule of Law: History, Theory and Criticism (pp.3-71). Springer.
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sosyal Psikoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Alim Yılmaz Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-2658-0109

Didem Geylani 0000-0002-4865-1975

Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, A., & Geylani, D. (2023). The Relationship Among the Rule of Law, Morality, and the Modern State. İnsan Ve Toplum, 13(1), 281-306.