Sporcularda Yükseklik Antrenman Maskesinin Anaerobik Performans ve Solunum Parametrelerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Takım sporlarıyla uğraşan erkek sporcuların (hipoksik maske) yükseklik antrenman maskesinin anaerobik performans ve solunum parametrelerine etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Materyal ve Yöntem: Araştırmamıza yükseklik simülatör edici maske (hipoksik maske)  kullanarak antrenman yapan deney  (n=14; boy 178,87 ± 6,21 cm, vücut ağırlığı 78,77 ±  9,04 kg, yaş 21,42 ±  1,78  yıl) grubu yer alırken yükseklik  simülatör edici maske kullanmadan antrenman uygulayan kontrol (n=14, boy 178,23 ± 7,4 cm, vücut ağırlığı 74,25 ±  7,92 kg, yaş 20,71 ±  1,43  yıl) grubunda çalışmaya katılmıştır. Katılımcılar ilk dört haftada maksimum kalp atım sayılarının %70 ‘i ile 45 dakikalık koşu ve daha sonra ikinci dört haftalık antrenman periyodunda maksimum kalp atım sayılarının %85 ‘i ile 15 dakikalık 3 seri halinde koşu programı uygulanmıştır. Her iki haftada bir maskelerde yer alan sanal yükseklik hava ayarları değiştirilerek farklı yükselti etkisi oluşturulmuştur. Anaerobik güç bisiklet ergometresinde (Monark 894E, Peak Bike, Sweden) Wingate Testi  ile tespit edilirken akciğer solunum kapasiteleri spirometre ile zorlu vital kapasite (FVC), zorlu ekspirasyon hacmi bir saniye (FEV) ve (VC) vital kapasite değerlendirilmiştir.  Anaerobik güç ve akciğer solunum kapasiteleri için iki yönlü varyans analizi (two-way repeated measures of ANOVA) yapıldı.  Bulgular: Anaerobik güç ve akciğer solunum kapasitelerinde her iki grupta ön-son test dereceleri sonucunda; power-mass (Watt/kg)(grup×zaman) değerlerinde etkin artış görülmektedir(p < 0,05). Grup farkı gözardı edildiğinde yükseklik simülatör edici maske kullanarak antrenman yapanlarda (VC; lt) vital kapasite değerlerinde anlamlı değişim gözlenmiştir (P < 0,05). Sonuçlar: Sonuç olarak yükseklik simülatör edici maske kullanan sporcularda vital kapasitelerinde artış olduğu görülmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anaerobik Güç,Yükseklik Antrenman Maskesi,Vital Kapasite

Investigation of the Effects of Elevation Training Mask on Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance in Athletes

Öz

The aim of this study was to determine effects of elevation training mask on respiratory parameters and anaerobic performance in team sports players. While 14 participants in test group used elevation training mask in trainings, 14 participants in control group not used elevation training mask in trainings. All participants run 45 minutes with 70% of their maximum heart rate at first four- week training periods and then all participants run 15 minutes with three sets with 85% of their maximum heart rate at seconds four-week training periods. Every 2 weeks masks elevation adjust different levels.All participants anaerobic power and capacity values was measured by Wingate test.  Participants’ respiratory capacity, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiration volume (FEV), and vital capacity (VC) was measured with spirometer. Two-way repeated measures of ANOVA was used anaerobic power and respiratory capacity. Efficient increase was found in power-mass (Watt/kg) values groupXtime interaction in first-last tests of anaerobic power and respiratory capacity (p<0,05). Increase was not found in power peak (Watt), power average (Watt), FVC (liter), FEV (liter), VC (liter) values groupXtime interaction in first-last tests of anaerobic power and respiratory capacity (p>0,05). But, when group differences were neglected, elevation training mask group’s VC values increased significantly (p<0,05).As a result, there is an increase in the vital capacities of the athletes using elevation training masks.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Anaerobic Power,Elevation Training Mask,Vital Capacity

Kaynakça

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