Sporcularda Yükseklik Antrenman Maskesinin Anaerobik Performans ve Solunum Parametrelerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2017, Özel Sayı 2, 308 - 318, 22.12.2017

Oğuzhan Yüksel , Yağmur Akkoyunlu Harun Koç

Öz

Amaç: Takım sporlarıyla uğraşan erkek sporcuların
(hipoksik maske) yükseklik antrenman maskesinin anaerobik performans ve solunum
parametrelerine etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Materyal ve Yöntem: Araştırmamıza
yükseklik simülatör edici maske (hipoksik maske)  kullanarak antrenman yapan deney  (n=14; boy 178,87 ± 6,21 cm, vücut ağırlığı
78,77 ±  9,04 kg, yaş 21,42 ±  1,78 
yıl) grubu yer alırken yükseklik 
simülatör edici maske kullanmadan antrenman uygulayan kontrol (n=14, boy
178,23 ± 7,4 cm, vücut ağırlığı 74,25 ± 
7,92 kg, yaş 20,71 ±  1,43  yıl) grubunda çalışmaya katılmıştır.
Katılımcılar ilk dört haftada maksimum kalp atım sayılarının %70 ‘i ile 45
dakikalık koşu ve daha sonra ikinci dört haftalık antrenman periyodunda
maksimum kalp atım sayılarının %85 ‘i ile 15 dakikalık 3 seri halinde koşu
programı uygulanmıştır. Her iki haftada bir maskelerde yer alan sanal yükseklik
hava ayarları değiştirilerek farklı yükselti etkisi oluşturulmuştur. Anaerobik
güç bisiklet ergometresinde (Monark 894E, Peak Bike, Sweden) Wingate Testi  ile tespit edilirken akciğer solunum
kapasiteleri spirometre ile zorlu vital kapasite (FVC), zorlu ekspirasyon hacmi
bir saniye (FEV) ve (VC) vital kapasite değerlendirilmiştir.  Anaerobik güç ve akciğer solunum kapasiteleri
için iki yönlü varyans analizi (two-way repeated measures of ANOVA)
yapıldı.  Bulgular: Anaerobik güç ve
akciğer solunum kapasitelerinde her iki grupta ön-son test dereceleri
sonucunda; power-mass (Watt/kg)(grup×zaman) değerlerinde etkin artış
görülmektedir(p < 0,05). Grup farkı gözardı edildiğinde yükseklik simülatör
edici maske kullanarak antrenman yapanlarda (VC; lt) vital kapasite
değerlerinde anlamlı değişim gözlenmiştir (P < 0,05). Sonuçlar: Sonuç olarak
yükseklik simülatör edici maske kullanan sporcularda vital kapasitelerinde
artış olduğu görülmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anaerobik Güç, Yükseklik Antrenman Maskesi, Vital Kapasite

Investigation of the Effects of Elevation Training Mask on Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance in Athletes

Öz

The
aim of this study was to determine effects of elevation training mask on
respiratory parameters and anaerobic performance in team sports players. While
14 participants in test group used elevation training mask in trainings, 14
participants in control group not used elevation training mask in trainings. All
participants run 45 minutes with 70% of their maximum heart rate at first four-
week training periods and then all participants run 15 minutes with three sets
with 85% of their maximum heart rate at seconds four-week training periods.
Every 2 weeks masks elevation adjust different levels.All participants anaerobic
power and capacity values was measured by Wingate test.  Participants’ respiratory capacity, forced
vital capacity (FVC), forced expiration volume (FEV), and vital capacity (VC)
was measured with spirometer. Two-way repeated measures of ANOVA was used anaerobic
power and respiratory capacity. Efficient increase was found in power-mass
(Watt/kg) values groupXtime interaction in first-last tests of anaerobic power
and respiratory capacity (p<0,05). Increase was not found in power peak
(Watt), power average (Watt), FVC (liter), FEV (liter), VC (liter) values
groupXtime interaction in first-last tests of anaerobic power and respiratory
capacity (p>0,05). But, when group differences were neglected, elevation
training mask group’s VC values increased significantly (p<0,05).As a
result, there is an increase in the vital capacities of the athletes using
elevation training masks.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anaerobic Power, Elevation Training Mask, Vital Capacity

Kaynakça

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