Ekolojik Değerlendirme: Zihinsel yetersizliği olan çocukların değerlendirilmesinde bir yaklaşım

Öz

Zihinsel yetersizliği olan çocukların değerlendirilmesi özel eğitim hizmetlerine uygunluğa karar vermek için gereklidir. Bilişsel ve uyumsal davranışlar zihinsel yetersizliğin tanımının vazgeçilmez unsurlarıdır. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı bu çocukların değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan çeşitli önemli testleri, ölçekleri ve araçları incelemektir. Bu çalışma ayrıca dünyadaki teknik olarak gelişmiş diğer ülkelerde geliştirilen ve Pakistanda kullanılan zekâ testlerinin ve uyum ölçeklerinin kullanımına karşı kritik tartışmaları sunmaktadır. Zihinsel yetersizliği olan çocuklar için işlevsel becerilere yönelik ihtiyaç değerlendirmesi ve program hazırlama için en iyi yaklaşım olarak ekolojik değerlendirme detaylı şekilde tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Değerlendirme, zihinsel yetersizlik, ekolojik değerlendirme.

Ecological Inventory: An approach for assessment of children with intellectual disability

Abstract

Assessment of children with intellectual disability is necessary to determine their eligibility for special educational services. As cognitive and adaptive behaviors are essential parts of the definition of intellectual disability. The main purpose of this paper is to review of different major tests, scales and instruments which are used for assessment of these children. This paper also present critical arguments against using intelligence tests and adaptive scales developed in other technically advanced countries of the world and use in Pakistan. Ecological approach is discussed in detail as best approach for need assessment of functional skills and programming for children with intellectual disability.

Keywords

• Assessment
• intellectual disability
• ecological inventory.

Kaynakça

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