The Effectiveness Of Parent Training A Mothers Of Children With Autism Use Of Mand Model Techniques

Yıl 2018, , 106 - 120, 31.12.2018

Burcu Aktaş , İlknur Ciftci-tekinarslan

https://doi.org/10.20489/intjecse.512378

Öz

The present study examined the
effectiveness of the parent training program that was designed for the mothers
of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in enabling them to use the
mand-model procedure. The study was conducted with the participation of 3 boys
with Autism Spectrum Disorders and their mothers. As part of the study, the
mothers were taught the mand-model procedure, which is one of the milieu
teaching techniques. As a research method, the present study employed the
subject research models of between-subject and multiple probe design models.
The findings of this study suggested that the parent training program designed
with a view to teaching the mand-model procedure was effective and consequently
the mand-model procedure used by the mothers was also effective in teaching new
words to the children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and enabling them to
maintain such words over time. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Autism Spectrum Disorders, Milieu Teaching, Mand Model, parent training

Kaynakça

• Allen, K. E., & Cowdery, G. E. (2009). The exceptional child inclusion in early childhood education. (6th Edition). U.S.A.: Thomson Delmar Learning.
• Alpert, C. L., & Kaiser, A. P. (1992). Training parents as milieu language teachers. Journal of Early Intervention, 16, 31-52. doi:10.1177/105381519201600104
• American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th Edition). Arlington, VA, American Psychiatric Association.
• Bishop, D. V. M. (2003). Autism: Neural basis and treatment possibilities. In Bock, G. & Goode, J. (Eds.), Novartis foundation symposium (pp.213-223). Wiley, Chichester. doi: 10.1002/0470869380
• Carr, E. G. (1985). Behavioral approaches to language. In Schopler, E. & Mesibov, G. B. (Eds.), Communication problems in autism (pp. 37-54). NewYork: Plemn Press.
• Charlop, M. H., Schreibman, L., & Thibodeau, M. G. (1985). Increasing spontaneous verbal responding in autistic children using a time delay procedure. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 18, 155-166. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1985.18-155
• Charlop-Christy, M. H., & Carpenter, M. H. (2000). Modified incidental teaching sessions: a procedure for parents to increase spontaneus speech in their children with autism. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventıons, 2, 99-112.doi:10.1177/109830070000200203
• Charlop-Christy, M. H., LeBlanc, L. A. & Carpenter, M. H. (1999). Naturalistic teaching strategies (nats) to teach speech to children with autism: historical perspective, development, and current practice. The California School Psychologist, 4, 30-46. doi:10.1007/BF03340868
• Choi, H. S., & Kim, U. J. (2005). Autism: using milieu teaching strategies to instruct functional and generalized language. The Journal of Special Education: Theory and Practice, 6, 357-375.
• Christensen-Sandfort, R.J., & Whinnery, S. B. (2011). Impact of milieu teaching on communication skills of young children with autism spectrum disorder. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 32, 211-222. doi: 10.1177/0271121411404930
• Güven, S., Topbaş, S. (2014). Erken dil gelişimi testi-üçüncü edisyon’un uyarlama, geçerlik ve güvenirlik ön çalışması. [Test of early language development-third edition (TELD-3) of adaptation, reliability and validity of the preliminary study.] International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education,6 (2), 151-172.
• Halle, J. W., Baer, D. M., & Spradlin, J. E. (1981). Teachers’ generalized use of delay as a stimulus control procedure to increase language use in handicapped children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 14, 389-409. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1981.14-389
• Halle, J. W., Marshall, A. M., & Spradlin, J. E. (1979). Time delay: a technique to increase language use and facilitate generalization in retarded children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 12, 431-439. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1979.12-431
• Hancock, T. B., & Kaiser, A. P. (1996). Sibling’s use of milieu teaching at home. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 16, 168-190. doi:10.1177/027112149601600204
• Hart, B. M., & Risley, T. R. (1968). Establishing the use of descriptive adjectives in the spontaneous speech of disadvantaged children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1, 109-120.doi: 10.1901/jaba.1975.8-411
• Hart, B., & Risley, T. R. (1974). Using preschool materials to modify the language of disadvataged children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 7, 243-256. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1974.7-243
• Hart, B., & Risley, T. R. (1975). Incidental teaching of language in the preschool. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 8, 411-420. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1975.8-411
• Heward, W. L. (2009). Exceptional children an introduction to special education. (9th Edition). U.S.A.: Pearson Prentice Hall.
• Ingersoll, B. R. (2011). The differential effect of three naturalistic language interventions on language use in children with autism. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 13, 109-118. doi: 10.1177/1098300710384507
• Kaiser, A. P., Hemmeter, L., Ostrosky, M. M., Alpert, C. L., & Hancock, T. B. (1995). The effects of group training and individual feedback on parent use of milieu teaching. Communication Disorders Quarterly, 16, 39-48. doi:10.1177/152574019501600206
• Kaiser, A. P., Hester, P. P., Alpert, C. L., & Whiteman, B. C. (1995). Preparing parent trainers: an experimental analysis of effects on trainers, parents, and children. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 15, 385-414. doi: 10.1177/027112149501500401
• Kaiser, A. P., & Hancock, T. B. (2002). The effects of trainer-implemented enhanced milieu teaching on the social communication of children with autism. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 22, 39-54. doi: 10.1177/027112140202200104
• Kaiser, A. P., & Roberts, M. Y. (2013). Parent-implemented enhanced milieu teaching with preschool children who have intellectual disabilities. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 56, 295–309. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2012/11-0231)
• Kaiser, A. P., Hancock, T. B., & Nietfeld, J. P. (2000). The effects of parent-implemented enhanced milieu teaching on the social communication of children who have autism. Early Education & Development, 14, 423-446. doi: 10.1207/s15566935eed1104_4
• Kaiser, A. P., Hemmeter, M. L., Ostrosky, M. M., Fischer, R., Yoder, P., & Keefer, M. (1996). The effects of teaching parents to use responsive interaction strategies. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 16: 375-406. doi:10.1177/027112149601600307
• Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Nervous Child, 2, 217-250.
• Koegel, R. L., & Kern-Koegel, L. (2006). Pivotal treatments for autism: communication, social and academic development. Brookes Publishing Company, 312. ERIC No. ED491793.
• Laski, K. E., Charlop, M. H., & Schreıbman, L. (1988). Training parents to use the natural language paradigm to ıncrease their autistic children’s speech. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 21(4), 391-400. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1988.21-391
• Lewis, A., & Norwich, B. (2005). Speiıal teaching for speiıal children? Pedagogies for inclusion. England: Open University Press.
• Lord, C., & Richler, J. (2006). Social and communication development in early identification diagnosis and intervention. In Charman, T. & Stone, W. (Eds.), Early diagnosis of children with autism spectrum disorders (pp. 35-59). NewYork-London: The Gulford Press.
• Lord, C. (1985). Contribbution of behavioral approaches. In Schopler, E. & Mesibov, G. B. (Eds.), Communication problems in autism (pp. 59-67). NewYork: Plemn Press.
• McCathren, R. B. (2010). Case Study: Parent-implemented prelinguistic milieu teaching with a high risk dyad. Communication Disorders Quartely, 31, 243-252. doi:10.1177/1525740109337733
• Mobayed, K. L., Collins, B. C., Strangis, D. E., Schuster, J. W., & Hemmeter, M. L. (2000). Teaching parents to employ mand-model procedures to teach their children requesting. Journal of Early Intervention, 23, 165–179. doi: 10.1177/10538151000230030601
• Montgomery, D. (2003). Gifted & talented children with special educational needs double exceptionality. London: David Fulton Publishers.
• Özcan, N. (2004). Zihin Özürlü Çocuklara Tuvalet Becerisi Öğretimine Yönelik Aile Eğitimi Programının Etkililiği [The Effectiveness of toilet skill trained to mental retarded children parent trained program] (master’s thesis). Anadolu University Institute of Educational Sciences, Eskişehir. Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi
• Paul, R. (2008). Interventions to ımprove communication. Treating Autism Spectrum Disorders, 17, 835-836. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2008.06.011
• Peterson, P., Carta, J. J., & Greenwood, C. (2005). Teaching enhanced milieu language skills to parents in multiple risk families. Journal of Early Intervention, 27, 94-109. doi:10.1177/105381510502700205
• Rogers, S.J. (2006). Social and communication development in early identification diagnosis and intervention. In Charman, T. & Stone, W. (Eds.), Evidence based interventions for language development in young children with autism (pp. 143-179). NewYork-London: The Gulford Press.
• Rogers-Warren, A., & Warren, S. F. (1980). Mands for verbalization facilating the dis of newly trained language in children. Behavior Modification, 4, 361-382. doi:10.1177/014544558043006
• Tager-Flusberg, H., Joseph, R., & Folstein, S. (2001). Current Directions in Research on Autism. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 7, 21-29.doi: 10.1002/1098-2779(200102)7:1<21::aıd-mrdd1004>3.0.co;2-3
• Toğram, B. (2004). Doğal dil öğretim tekniklerinden tepki isteme modelinin öğretilmesinin etkililiği [The effectiveness of instruction on mand model-one of the milieu teaching techniques] (master’s thesis). Eskişehir, Anadolu University, Institute of Health Sciences, Eskişehir. Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi
• National Autism Center (2009). National standards report. NAC. National Autism Center 41 Pacella Park Drive Randolph, Massachusetts 02368 02 Ağustos 2015 tarihinde http://www.nationalautismcenter.org// sitesinden alınmıştır.
• National Autism Center (2015). National standards report. NAC. National Autism Center 41 Pacella Park Drive Randolph, Massachusetts 02368, 02 Ağustos 2015 Pazar tarihinde http://www.nationalautismcenter.org// sitesinden alınmıştır.
• Ünlü, E. (2012). Anne Babalara Sunulan Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Gösteren Çocuklara Yönelik Ayrık Denemelerle Öğretim (ADÖSEP) Etkililiği [Effectiveness of discrete trial teaching training program for parents of children with autism spectrum disorder] (Doctoral dissertation). Anadolu University, Institute of Educational Sciences, Eskişehir. Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi
• Warren, S. F., & Gazdag, G. (1990). Facilitating early language development with milieu ıntervention procedures. Journal of Early Intervention, 14, 62-86. doi:10.1177/105381519001400106
• Wilkinson, K. M. (1998). Profiles of language and communication skills in autism. Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 4, 73-79. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2779(1998)4:23.3.CO;2-1
• Yakın, M. (2009). Aile Eğitiminin Annelerin Doğal Dil Sağaltım Tekniklerini Kullanmalarında Etkililiği [Efficiency of parent training on mothers? use of naturalistic language treatment procedures] (master’s thesis). Gazi University Institute of Educational Sciences, Ankara. Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi
• Yeh, C. H. (1994). Using milieu language teaching to facilitate the communication skills of children with severe disabilities in home environments (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://ir.ncue.edu.tw/ir/handle/987654321/9342
• Yoder, P. J., & Warren, S. F. (2002). Effects of prelinguistic milieu teaching and parent responsivity education on dyads involving children with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research, 45, 1158-1174. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2002/094)
• Yoder, P. J., Kaiser, A. P., Goldstein, H., Alpert, C., Mousetis, L., Kaczmarek, L., & Fischer, R. (1995). An exploratory comparison of milieu teaching and responsive ınteraction in classroom applications. Journal of Early Intervention, 19, 218-242. doi: 10.1177/105381519501900306