The Relationship Between Lower Extremity Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) and 50m Freestyle Swimming Performance

Öz

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between 50mt freestyle swimming performance and lower extremity Wingate anaerobic power and capacity test. 11 male (age: 13.45 ± 1.03 years, height: 166.18 ± 10.12 cm, weight: 55.00 ± 11.13 kg, experience: 6.2 ± 1.1 years) swimmers participated in this study voluntarily. The players participated in anthropometric measurements followed by Wingate anaerobic test on the first day. They performed 50mt freestyle swimming performance tests on the second day (one days later). In this study, 50mt freestyle swimming performance has not been done from a standart jump. All the swimmers started their performance in the water with a 2-leg-ged push away from the wall. Also 10mt lap periods were recorded. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Correlation between anaerobic performance tests and swimming performance tests were studied with Pearson correlation analysis. All analysis were executed in SPSS 17.0 and the statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The results indicated that there are no statistically significant relationship between fatigue index and 50mt swimming performance, relative anaerobic peak power, anaerobic capacity and anaerobic peak power (p>0.05). The statistically significant relationship between fatigue index and relative average power, relative minumum peak power and minumum peak power (p<0.05; p<0.01). There is a statistically significant relationship between 50mt swimming performance and relative peak power, peak power, relative average power, average power, relative minumum peak power and minumum peak power (p<0.01). The swimming fatigue index, average speed swimming, minimum swimming speed, maximum swimming speed was calculated by the maximum 50mt swimming performance. There is no statistically significant relationship between swimming fatigue index and wingate fatigue index (p>0.05). On looking at the relationship between the 10 mt lap period time in swimming and wingate anaerobic test performance, a statistically significant relationship between both relative and absolute values maximum swimming speed and paek power, average speed swimming and average power, minimum swimming speed and minumum power (p<0.05; p<0.01). In this study, a statistically significant relationship between 50mt freestyle swimming performance and lower extremity wingate anaerobic power and capacity test (p<0.05). There is no statistically significant relationship between fatigue index both 50mt freestyle swimming performance and swimming fatigue index (p>0.05). The factors like experience, the level of profession, the difference of fricton between activities in water and land, air conditions (moisture, temperature) may have effected the results.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 50mt Freestyle Swimming, Wingate anaerobic power, Wingate average power

50 m Serbest Yüzme Performansının Alt Ekstremite Wingate Anaerobik Güç ve Kapasite Testi İle İlişkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 50 m serbest yüzme performansının alt ekstremite wingate anaerobik güç ve kapasite testi ile ilişkisini incelemektir. Çalışmaya 11 erkek (yaş: 13.45 ± 1.03 yıl, boy: 166.18 ± 10.12 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 55.00 ± 11.13 kg, spor yaşı: 6.2 ± 1.1 yıl) performans yüzücüsü gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Tüm deneklere ilk gün Wingate anaerobik güç ve kapasite testi, ikinci gün 50 m yüzme testi yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada 50 m serbest yüzme performansı standart bir atlama taşından yapılmamıştır, sporcu suyun içinden ve havuzun kenarından yüzmeye başlamıştır. Ayrıca 10’ar metrelik geçiş süreleri kayıt edilmiştir. Verilerin istatistiksel analizi Pearson Korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiş ve anlamlılık düzeyi olarak p < 0.05 değeri alınmıştır. Yapılan istatistiksel analiz sonucunda; Wingate yorgunluk indeksi ile 50 m yüzme performansı, relatif anaerobik zirve güç, anaerobik kapasite ve anaerobik zirve güç arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunamamıştır (p > 0.05). Yorgunluk indeksi ile relatif anaerobik kapasite, relatif minimum anaerobik güç ve minimum anaerobik güç arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur (p < 0.05; p < 0.01). 50 m yüzme performansı ile relatif anaerobik güç, anaerobik güç, relatif anaerobik kapasite, anaerobik kapasite, minimum relatif anaerobik güç ve minimum anaerobik güç arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p < 0.01). 50 m yüzme performanslarının ortalama hızı, yüzme yorgunluk indeksi, yüzme ortalama hız, yüzme minumum hız, yüzme maksimum hız değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Yüzme yorgunluk indeksi ile Wingate yorgunluk indeksi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunamamıştır (p > 0.05). Yüzme performanslarındaki 10’ar metrelik geçiş sürelerinin Wingate anaerobik testi ile arasındaki ilişkiye bakıldığında; yüzme maksimum hız ile wingate anaerobik güç, yüzme ortalama hız ile wingate anaerobik kapasite, yüzme minumum hız ile wingate minumum güç değerleri arasında hem relatif hem de absolut değer olarak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p < 0.05; p < 0.01). Bu çalışmada 50 m serbest yüzme performansı ile alt ekstremite wingate anaerobik güç ve kapasite testi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p < 0.05). Yorgunluk indeksi ile hem 50 m serbest yüzme performansı hem de yüzme yorgunluk indeksi arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunamamıştır (p > 0.05). Bu sonucu; deneklerin spor yaşı, profesyonellik düzeyi, suda ve karada yapılan aktivite arasındaki sürtünme farkı, ortam koşulları (nem, sıcaklık vb.) gibi faktörler etkilemiş olabilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• 50 m serbest yüzme, Wingate anaerobik güç, Wingate anaerobik kapasite

Kaynakça

1. Aspenes ST, Karlsen T(2012). Exersice-Training Intervention Studies in Competitive Swimming, Sports Medicine, 42 (6): 527-543.
2. Bampouras TM, Marrin K (2009). Comparison of two anaerobic water polo–specific tests with the Wingate test. J Strength Cond Res, 3(1): 336-340.
3. Bar-Or O (1987). The wingate anaerobic test: an update on methodology reliability and validity. Sports Medicine, 4: 381-394.
4. Bencke J, Damsgaard R, Saekmose A, Jorgenson P, Jorgenson K, Klauen K (2002). Anaerobic power and muscle strength characteristics of 11 years old elite and non-elite boys and girls from gymnastics, team handball, tennis and swimming. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 12: 171-178.
5. Costill DL, King DS, Thomas R, Hargreaves M (1985). Effects of reduced training on muscular power in swimmers. Phys Sports Medicine, 13: 94-101.
6. Costill DL, King DS, Holdren A (1983). Sprint swim speed vs swimming power. Swim Technique, 20: 20-21.
7. David JS, Stephen RN and John MH (2002). Performance Evaluation of Swimmers Scientific Tools. Sports Medicine, 32 (9): 539-554.
8. Duche P, Falgairette G, Bedu M, Lac G, Robert A, Coudert J (1993). Analysis of performance of prepubertal swimmers assessed from anthropometric and bioenergetic characteristics. Eur Journal of Applied Physiology, 66: 467- 471.

9. Girold S,Maurin D, Dugue B, Chatard JC, Millet G (2007). Effects of dry-land vs. resisted and assisted sprint exercises on swimming sprint performances. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(2): 599-605.
10. Hawley JA, Williams MM, Vickovic MM, Handcock PJ (1992). Muscle power predicts Freestyle swimming peformance. Br J Sport Med, 26: 151-155.
11. Hawley JA, Williams MM (1991). Relationship between upper body anaerobic power and Freestyle swimming performance. Muscle power predicts Freestyle swimming peformance. Int J Sports Med, 12(1): 1-5.
12. Hay JG, Guimares ACS (1983). A quantitative look at swimming biomechanics. Swimming Technology, 20: 11-7.
13. Inbar O, Bar-Or O, Skinner JS (1996). The Wingate Anaerobic Test. Human Kinetics.
14. Inbar O, Bar-Or O (1986). Anaerobic characteristics in male children and adolescents. Medicine and Science in Sport Exercise, 18: 264-269.
15. John A, Hawley MA, Maynard M. Williams MSc, Michael M, Vickovic MSc and Phillip J (1992). Muscle power predicts freestyle swimming performance. Br J Sp Med, 26(3).
16. Maglischo EW (1993). Swimming even faster. Mountain View (CA): Mayfield Publishing Company.
17. Marinho DA, Amorim RA, Costa AM, Marques MC, Perez-Turpin JA, Neiva HP (2011). Anaerobic Critical Velocity and Swimming Performance in Young Swimmers. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 6: 80-86.
18. Meckel Y, Bishop D, Rabinovich M, Kaufman L, Nemet D and Alon Eliakim A (2013). Repeated Sprint Ability in Elite Water Polo Players and Swimmers and its Relationship to Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 12: 738-743.
19. Özgünen K (2011). Performans Yüzücüsünün Fizyolojisi. III. Egzersiz Fizyolojisi Sempozyumu, Adana.
20. Sands WA, McNeal JR, Ochi MT, Urbanek MJ, Jemni M, Stone MH (2004). Comparison of the wingate and bosco anaerobic tests. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 18: 810-815.
21. Tüzen B, Müniroğlu S, Tanılkan K (2005). Kısa Mesafe Yüzücülerinin 30 Metre Sürat Koşusu Dereceleri İle 50 Metre Serbest Stil Yüzme Derecelerinin Karşılaştırılması, Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, (3): 97-99.