Correlation Between VO2max Estimates of the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test and the 20-m Shuttle Run Test in Professional Female Volleyball Players

Öz

Aerobic capacity is a crucial determinant of performance in volleyball, a sport characterized by intermittent high-intensity efforts. Field-based tests such as the 20-meter Shuttle Run Test (20 mSRT) and the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15 IFT) are commonly used to estimate maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in athletes. However, the degree of agreement between these tests in elite female volleyball players remains unclear. This study aimed to compare VO2max estimates obtained from the 20 mSRT and 30-15 IFT in professional female volleyball players and assess the level of agreement between the two tests. Eight professional female volleyball players (age: 23.3 ± 2.1 years; height: 182.1 ± 5.4 cm; body mass: 72.4 ± 4.8 kg) completed both the 20 mSRT and 30-15 IFT. A paired-sample t-test was used to compare VO2max values between tests, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 3,1) was calculated to assess agreement. Pearson correlation analysis was also performed between the test results. VO2max values estimated from the 30-15 IFT (48.10 ± 5.03 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) were significantly higher than those from the 20 mSRT (35.49 ± 3.19 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) (p < 0.001, d = 2.80). A strong positive correlation was found between the two tests (r = 0.833, p = 0.010). However, the ICC (3,1) value of 0.754 (95% CI: 0.176–0.945) indicated only moderate agreement.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aerobic Capacity
• 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test
• 20-m Shuttle Run Test
• VO2max
• Body Mass Index

Profesyonel Kadın Voleybolcularda 30-15 Aralıklı Kondisyon Testi ve 20-m Mekik Koşusu Testinin VO2max Tahminleri Arasındaki Korelasyon

Öz

Aerobik kapasite, aralıklı yüksek yoğunluklu eforlarla karakterize edilen bir spor olan voleybolda performansın önemli bir belirleyicisidir. Sporcularda maksimal oksijen tüketimini (VO2max) tahmin etmek için 20 metre Mekik Koşusu Testi (20 mSRT) ve 30-15 Aralıklı Kondisyon Testi (30-15 IFT) gibi saha tabanlı testler yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak, elit kadın voleybolcularda bu testler arasındaki uyum derecesi belirsizliğini korumaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, profesyonel kadın voleybolcularda 20 mSRT ve 30-15 IFT'den elde edilen VO2max tahminlerini karşılaştırmak ve iki test arasındaki uyum düzeyini değerlendirmektir. Sekiz profesyonel kadın voleybolcu (yaş: 23.3 ± 2.1 yıl; boy: 182.1 ± 5.4 cm; vücut kütlesi: 72.4 ± 4.8 kg) hem 20 mSRT hem de 30-15 IFT'yi gerçekleştirmiştir. Testler arasında VO2max değerlerini karşılaştırmak için Paired Sample t-testi kullanılmış ve uyumu değerlendirmek için sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı (ICC 3,1) hesaplanmıştır. Test sonuçları arasında Pearson korelasyon analizi de yapılmıştır. 30-15 IFT'den (48,10 ± 5,03 ml-kg-¹-dk-¹) hesaplanan VO2max değerleri 20 mSRT'den (35,49 ± 3,19 ml-kg-¹-dk-¹) önemli ölçüde daha yüksektir (p < 0,001, d = 2,80). İki test arasında güçlü bir pozitif korelasyon bulunmuştur (r =0.833, p=0.010). Ancak, ICC (3,1) değeri 0,754 (%95 CI: 0,176-0,945) sadece orta düzeyde bir uyum olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• aerobik kapasite
• 30-15 Aralıklı Kondisyon Testi
• 20-m Mekik Koşusu Testi
• VO2max
• Vücut Kitle İndeksi

Kaynakça

1. Bruce, L. M., & Moule, S. J. (2017). Validity of the 30–15 intermittent fitness test in subelite female athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 31(11), 3077–3082.
2. Buchheit, M. (2008). The 30–15 intermittent fitness test: Accuracy for individualizing interval training of young intermittent sport players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(2), 365–374.
3. Buchheit, M. (2010). The 30–15 intermittent fitness test: 10-year review. Myorobie Journal, 1(9), 278.
4. Buchheit, M., Al Haddad, H., Millet, G. P., Lepretre, P. M., Newton, M., & Ahmaidi, S. (2009). Cardiorespiratory and cardiac autonomic responses to the 30–15 intermittent fitness test in team sport players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(1), 93–100.
5. Buchheit, M., Lefebvre, B., Laursen, P. B., & Ahmaidi, S. (2011). Reliability, usefulness, and validity of the 30–15 intermittent ice test in young elite ice hockey players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(5), 1457–1464.
6. Buchheit, M., Leprêtre, P.-M., Behaegel, A., Millet, G. P., Cuvelier, G., & Ahmaidi, S. (2009). Cardiorespiratory responses during running and sport-specific exercises in handball players. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 12(3), 399–405.
7. Castro-Piñero, J., Marín-Jiménez, N., Fernández-Santos, J. R., Martín-Acosta, F., Segura-Jiménez, V., Izquierdo-Gómez, R., Ruiz, J. R., & Cuenca-García, M. (2021). Criterion-related validity of field-based fitness tests in adults: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(16), 3743.
8. Čović, N., Jelešković, E., Alić, H., Rađo, I., Kafedžić, E., Sporiš, G., McMaster, D. T., & Milanović, Z. (2016). Reliability, validity and usefulness of the 30–15 intermittent fitness test in female soccer players. Frontiers in Physiology, 7, 510.

9. Dardouri, W., Gharbi, Z., Selmi, M., Sassi, R., Moalla, W., Chamari, K., & Souissi, N. (2013). Reliability and validity of a new maximal anaerobic shuttle running test. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 34, 310–315.
10. Foster, C., Jackson, A. S., Pollock, M. L., Taylor, M. M., Hare, J., Sennett, S. M., Rod, J. L., Sarwar, M., & Schmidt, D. H. (1984). Generalized equations for predicting functional capacity from treadmill performance. American Heart Journal, 107(6), 1229–1234.
11. Grgic, J., Lazinica, B., & Pedišić, Z. (2021). Test–retest reliability of the 30–15 intermittent fitness test: A systematic review. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 10(4), 413–418.
12. Haydar, B., Al Haddad, H., Ahmaidi, S., & Buchheit, M. (2011). Assessing inter-effort recovery and change of direction ability with the 30–15 intermittent fitness test. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 10(2), 346.
13. Hernández-Davó, J. L. (2020). Does the length used in the 30–15 intermittent fitness test (40 vs. 28 m) influence the maximal running speed achieved by under-18 players from different sports? European Journal of Human Movement, 45.
14. Jeličić, M., Ivančev, V., Čular, D., Čović, N., Stojanović, E., Scanlan, A. T., & Milanović, Z. (2020). The 30–15 intermittent fitness test: A reliable, valid, and useful tool to assess aerobic capacity in female basketball players. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 91(1), 83–91.
15. Junior, N. (2020). Specific periodization for volleyball: The importance of the residual training effects. MOJ Sports Medicine, 4(1), 4–11.
16. Kaynak, K., Eryılmaz, S. K., Aydoğan, S., & Mihailov, D. (2017). The effects of 20-m repeated sprint training on aerobic capacity in college volleyball players. Biomedical Human Kinetics, 9(1), 43–50.
17. Kelly, V. G., Chen, K. K., & Oyewale, M. (2018). Reliability of the 30–15 intermittent fitness test for elite wheelchair rugby players. Science and Medicine in Football, 2(3), 191–195.
18. Križaj, J. (2025). Comparing the 30–15 intermittent fitness test and treadmill test on VO₂max in elite female footballers. Human Movement, 26(3), 62–70.
19. Léger, L. A., Mercier, D., Gadoury, C., & Lambert, J. (1988). The multistage 20-metre shuttle run test for aerobic fitness. Journal of Sports Sciences, 6(2), 93–101.
20. Léger, L., & Gadoury, C. (1989). Validity of the 20 m shuttle run test with 1-min stages to predict VO₂max in adults. Canadian Journal of Sport Sciences, 14(1), 21–26.
21. Lidor, R., & Ziv, G. (2010). Physical and physiological attributes of female volleyball players: A review. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(7), 1963–1973.
22. Matsuzaka, A., Takahashi, Y., Yamazoe, M., Kumakura, N., Ikeda, A., Wilk, B., & Bar-Or, O. (2004). Validity of the multistage 20-m shuttle-run test for Japanese children, adolescents, and adults. Pediatric Exercise Science, 16(2), 113–125.
23. Mayorga-Vega, D., Aguilar-Soto, P., & Viciana, J. (2015). Criterion-related validity of the 20-m shuttle run test for estimating cardiorespiratory fitness: A meta-analysis. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 14(3), 536.
24. McArdle, W. D., Katch, F. I., & Katch, V. L. (2010). Exercise physiology: Nutrition, energy, and human performance. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
25. Meignié, A., Duclos, M., Carling, C., Orhant, E., Provost, P., Toussaint, J.-F., & Antero, J. (2021). The effects of menstrual cycle phase on elite athlete performance: A critical and systematic review. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, 654585.
26. Nassis, G. P., Geladas, N. D., Soldatos, Y., Sotiropoulos, A., Bekris, V., & Souglis, A. (2010). Relationship between the 20-m multistage shuttle run test and two soccer-specific field tests for the assessment of aerobic fitness in adult semi-professional soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(10), 2693–2697.
27. Nikolaidis, P. T. (2013). Body mass index and body fat percentage are associated with decreased physical fitness in adolescent and adult female volleyball players. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 18(1), 22–26.
28. Ranković, G., Mutavdžić, V., Toskić, D., Preljević, A., Kocić, M., Nedin-Ranković, G., & Damjanović, N. (2010). Aerobic capacity as an indicator in different kinds of sports. Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 10(1), 44.
29. Rey, O., Maïano, C., Nicol, C., Mercier, C.-S., & Vallier, J.-M. (2016). Psycho-physiological responses of obese adolescents to an intermittent run test compared with a 20-m shuttle run. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 15(3), 451.
30. Scott, T. J., Delaney, J. A., Duthie, G. M., Sanctuary, C. E., Ballard, D. A., Hickmans, J. A., & Dascombe, B. J. (2015). Reliability and usefulness of the 30–15 intermittent fitness test in rugby league. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(7), 1985–1990.
31. Setty, P., Padmanabha, B., & Doddamani, B. (2013). Correlation between obesity and cardiorespiratory fitness. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2(2), 300–304.
32. Shah, H., Prajapati, T., & Singh, S. (2016). Association of body mass index with VO₂max in Indian adults. International Journal of Basic and Applied Physiology, 5(1), 155–159.
33. Taware, G. B., Bhutkar, M. V., & Surdi, A. D. (2013). A profile of fitness parameters and performance of volleyball players. Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University, 2(2), 48–59.
34. Thomas, C., Dos’Santos, T., Jones, P. A., & Comfort, P. (2016). Reliability of the 30–15 intermittent fitness test in semi-professional soccer players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 11(2), 172–175.
35. Valladares-Rodríguez, S., Rey, E., Mecías-Calvo, M., Barcala-Furelos, R., & Bores-Cerezal, A. J. (2017). Reliability and usefulness of the 30–15 intermittent fitness test in male and female professional futsal players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 60, 191.
36. VanHeest, J. L. (2003). Energy demands in the sport of volleyball. In Handbook of sports medicine and science: Volleyball (pp. 11–17).