Araştırma Makalesi
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Sporda İnanç Yönetimi: İslam ve Batıl İnanç Arasındaki İlişki

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 1 - 14, 28.03.2026
https://izlik.org/JA78DS82EZ

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sporcuların spor faaliyetleri üzerindeki İslam dininin etkisi ile batıl inançlı davranışlara yönelik tutumları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Araştırmaya ... ilinde ikamet eden toplam 367 lisanslı sporcu katılmıştır. Çalışma, nicel araştırma yaklaşımlarından biri olan ilişkisel tarama modeli kapsamında tasarlanmıştır. Veriler kesitsel desene uygun olarak toplanmıştır. Veriler “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Sporda Batıl İnançlı Davranışlara Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği” ve “İslam Dininin Spor Aktivitelerine Etkisi Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır. İslam dininin spor faaliyetleri üzerindeki etkisinde cinsiyete, yaşa ve spor türüne göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Benzer şekilde batıl inançlara yönelik tutumlarda da cinsiyete, yaşa ve spor türüne göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Kadınların spor faaliyetleri üzerindeki İslam dininin etki düzeyinin erkeklere göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Bir kez daha kadınların batıl inançlara erkeklere göre daha fazla inandığı bulunmuştur. İslam'ın spor aktiviteleri üzerindeki etkisi genç yaş gruplarında daha yüksektir. Diğer yaş gruplarında daha düşüktür. Batıl inançlara yönelik tutumların yaş grupları arasında farklılık gösterdiği, daha yaşlı yaş gruplarının diğerlerine kıyasla bu tür tutumları daha yüksek seviyelerde sergilediği bulunmuştur. İslam'ın spor aktiviteleri üzerindeki etkisinin bireysel sporlarda yarışan sporcularda takım sporlarında yarışan sporculara göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Benzer şekilde, bireysel sporlarda yarışan sporcuların takım sporlarında yarışan sporculara göre batıl inançlara yönelik tutumlarının daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • Benn, T., & Dagkas, S. (2006). Incompatible? Compulsory mixed-sex physical education initial teacher training (PEITT) and the inclusion of Muslim women: A case study on seeking solutions. European Physical Education Review, 12, 181-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336X06065181
  • Bleak, J. L., & Frederick, C. M. (1998). Superstitious behavior in sport: Levels of effectiveness and determinants of use in three collegiate sports. Journal of Sport Behavior, 21(1), 1-15.
  • Brown, P. (2023). 5 Systems of protection: Religious and superstitious defences against hazards. In Meteorological disasters in Medieval Britain (AD 1000‒1500): Archaeological, historical and climatological perspectives within a wider European context (pp. 137-181). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110719628-005
  • Burger, J. M., & Lynn, A. L. (2005). Superstitious behavior among American and Japanese professional baseball players. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 27(1), 71-76. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15324834basp2701_7
  • Burke, K. L., Czech, D. R., Knight, J. L., Scott, L. A., Joyner, A. B., Benton, S. G., & Roughton, H. K. (2006). An exploratory investigation of superstition, personal control, optimism and pessimism in NCAA Division I intercollegiate student-athletes. Athletic Insight, 8(2), 1-28.
  • Çar, B., Kurtoğlu, A., Erdoğan, A., & Özmaden, M. (2023). The development of the attitude scale towards superstitious behaviors in sport: A validity and reliability study. International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences, 14(54), 1318-1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.35826/ijoess.4393
  • Chen, Y., Hong, W., & Fang, Y. (2020). Role of biological rhythm dysfunction in the development and management of bipolar disorders: A review. General Psychiatry, 33(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2019-100127
  • Christensen, L. B., Johnson, R. B., & Turner, L. A. (2015). Research methods, design, and analysis (Trans. Ed. A. Aypay). Anı Publishing.
  • Chuang, W. C. (2024). Examining the influences of superstition on athletes’ behavior and performance. Kinesiology, 56(1), 120-130.
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Dagkas, S., & Benn, T. (2006). Young Muslim women’s experiences of Islam and physicaleducation in Greece and Britain: A comparative study. Sport, Education and Society, 11(1),21-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13573320500255056
  • De Knop, P., Theeboom, M., Wittock, H., & De Martelaer, K. (1996). Implications of Islamon Muslim girls’ sports participation in Western Europe. Sport, Education and Society, 1(2),147-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1357332960010202
  • Dömötör, Z., Ruíz‐Barquín, R., & Szabo, A. (2016). Superstitious behavior in sport: A literature review. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 57(4), 368-382. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12301
  • Ekinci, H. B., Mallı, A. Y., & Seçer, E. (2024). Investigation of superstitious behavior tendencies of professional football players and coaches. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 9(3), 301-322. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1432085
  • Frimpong, J. B., Srem-Sai, M., Hagan, J. E., Abieraba, R. S. K., Sorkpor, R. S., & Schack, T. (2021). Interactions between gender, age and competitive level on elite student-athletes’ religious coping experiences in the week leading up to competition. International Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education, 6(4), 61-68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsspe.20210604.11
  • Hagan Jr, J. E. (2021). Investigating pre-competition-related discrete emotions and unaccustomed religious coping among elite student-athletes: Implications for reflexive practice. Religions, 12(3), 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12030149
  • Jawad, H., Al-Sinani, Y., & Benn, T. (2011). Islam, women and sport. Muslim Women and Sport, 25-40.
  • Kalli, H., & Yılmaz, S. (2024). The relations between religious attitudes, paranormal beliefs and critical thinking disposition: A study among undergraduate students. Cumhuriyet Theology Journal, 28(2), 914-934. https://doi.org/10.18505/cuid.1521799
  • Kanbir, F. (2022). Sociological evaluation of superstition tendencies of national athletes. The Journal of Kesit Academy, 8 (31), 52-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/kesit.62562
  • Karasar, N. (2021). Scientific research method. Nobel Publishing.
  • Kımter, N., & Taş, N. (2019). An investigation on the relationship between superstition levels and happiness levels, religious orientations of university students. The Journal of Kesit Academy, 21, 178-220.
  • Maranise, A. M. (2013). Superstition & religious ritual: An examination of their effects and utilization in sport. The Sport Psychologist, 27(1), 83-91. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.27.1.83
  • Morris, B., Thornton, C., Neave, N., & Allen, G. (2025). Understanding the use of superstitious rituals in sports people. Journal of Sports Sciences, 43(18), 2046-2057. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2025.2532994
  • Nakamura, Y. (2017). Sport and Muslim men in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada: An exploratory study. Sport in Society, 20(11), 1799-1814. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2017.1346615
  • Noh, Y. E. (2024). The impact of religious–psychological factors on self-perceived sport performance among religious athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 72, 102602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102612
  • Özçelik, A., & Taşkın, O. (2024). Psycho-social effects of superstitions adopted by the family on children in religious education. Trabzon Theology Journal, 11(2), 409-434. https://doi.org/10.33718/tid.1514905
  • Parker, A., White, J. B., & Meyer, A. R. (2023). Youth, sport, and faith: Identity formation in high school athletes. Religions, 14(10), 1293. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14101293
  • Pfister, G. (2000). Doing sport in a headscarf? German sport and Turkish females. Journal of Sport History, 27, 497-524.
  • Pujalte, G. G. (2024). Athletes and superstitious rituals. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 64(8), 841-845. https://doi.org/10.23736/s0022-4707.24.15668-x
  • Pujalte, G.G., Nadwodny, J.P., Clapp, A.D., Amoako, A., Pesigan, R.J., Dekker, T., Campos, L., Tierney, M., Salinas, M., Cudahy, R., Chauhan, M (2024). Athletes and superstitious rituals. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 64(8), 841-845. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.24.15668-X
  • Serazio, M. (2013). The elementary forms of sports fandom: A Durkheimian exploration of team myths, kinship, and totemic rituals. Communication & Sport, 1, 303–325. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167479512462017
  • Strandbu, A. (2005). Identity, embodied culture and physical exercise: Stories from Muslim girlsin Oslo with immigrant backgrounds. Young, 13(1), 27-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308805048751
  • Taş, Z., Hergüner, G., İmamoğlu, A., Yaman, Ç., Zengin, M., Üzüm, H., & Karlı, Ü. (2020). Development of Islamic Religion’s impact on sport activities scale. Journal of Human Sciences, 17(2), 730-745.
  • Wilson, S. M., Grieve, F. G., Ostrowski, S., Mienaltowski, A., & Cyr, C. (2013). Roles of team identification and game outcome in sport fan superstitious behaviors. Journal of Sport Behavior, 36(4), 417-429.
  • Zaugg, M. K. (1980). Superstitious beliefs of basketball players. Graduate Student Theses. Dissertations, & Professional Papers 3784.

Belief Management in Sport: Examining the Relationship Between Islamic Influence and Superstitious Attitudes Among Athletes

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 1 - 14, 28.03.2026
https://izlik.org/JA78DS82EZ

Öz

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the influence of Islam on athletes' sports activities and their attitudes towards superstitious behaviors. A total of 367 licensed athletes who reside in the province of ... participated in the research. The study was designed within the scope of the relational screening model, one of the quantitative research approaches. The data were collected in line with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected using the “Personal Information Form”, “Attitude Scale Towards Superstitious Behaviors in Sports” and “Islamic Religion’s Impact on Sport Activities Scale”. A statistically significant difference was found in the influence of Islam on sports activities according to gender, age and type of sport. Similarly, a statistically significant difference was found in attitudes towards superstition according to gender, age and type of sport. It was found that the level of Islamic influence on women's sports activities was higher than on men's. Once again, it was found that women were more likely to believe in superstition than men. The influence of Islam on sports activities is higher in younger age groups. It is lower in other age groups. Attitudes towards superstition were found to differ between age groups, with older age groups displaying higher levels of such attitudes compared to others. It has been found that the influence of Islam on sports activities is higher in athletes competing in individual sports than in athletes competing in team sports. Similarly, athletes competing in individual sports were found to have higher levels of attitudes towards superstition than athletes competing in team sports.

Kaynakça

  • Benn, T., & Dagkas, S. (2006). Incompatible? Compulsory mixed-sex physical education initial teacher training (PEITT) and the inclusion of Muslim women: A case study on seeking solutions. European Physical Education Review, 12, 181-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356336X06065181
  • Bleak, J. L., & Frederick, C. M. (1998). Superstitious behavior in sport: Levels of effectiveness and determinants of use in three collegiate sports. Journal of Sport Behavior, 21(1), 1-15.
  • Brown, P. (2023). 5 Systems of protection: Religious and superstitious defences against hazards. In Meteorological disasters in Medieval Britain (AD 1000‒1500): Archaeological, historical and climatological perspectives within a wider European context (pp. 137-181). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110719628-005
  • Burger, J. M., & Lynn, A. L. (2005). Superstitious behavior among American and Japanese professional baseball players. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 27(1), 71-76. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15324834basp2701_7
  • Burke, K. L., Czech, D. R., Knight, J. L., Scott, L. A., Joyner, A. B., Benton, S. G., & Roughton, H. K. (2006). An exploratory investigation of superstition, personal control, optimism and pessimism in NCAA Division I intercollegiate student-athletes. Athletic Insight, 8(2), 1-28.
  • Çar, B., Kurtoğlu, A., Erdoğan, A., & Özmaden, M. (2023). The development of the attitude scale towards superstitious behaviors in sport: A validity and reliability study. International Journal of Eurasia Social Sciences, 14(54), 1318-1330. http://dx.doi.org/10.35826/ijoess.4393
  • Chen, Y., Hong, W., & Fang, Y. (2020). Role of biological rhythm dysfunction in the development and management of bipolar disorders: A review. General Psychiatry, 33(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1136/gpsych-2019-100127
  • Christensen, L. B., Johnson, R. B., & Turner, L. A. (2015). Research methods, design, and analysis (Trans. Ed. A. Aypay). Anı Publishing.
  • Chuang, W. C. (2024). Examining the influences of superstition on athletes’ behavior and performance. Kinesiology, 56(1), 120-130.
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  • Dagkas, S., & Benn, T. (2006). Young Muslim women’s experiences of Islam and physicaleducation in Greece and Britain: A comparative study. Sport, Education and Society, 11(1),21-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13573320500255056
  • De Knop, P., Theeboom, M., Wittock, H., & De Martelaer, K. (1996). Implications of Islamon Muslim girls’ sports participation in Western Europe. Sport, Education and Society, 1(2),147-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1357332960010202
  • Dömötör, Z., Ruíz‐Barquín, R., & Szabo, A. (2016). Superstitious behavior in sport: A literature review. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 57(4), 368-382. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12301
  • Ekinci, H. B., Mallı, A. Y., & Seçer, E. (2024). Investigation of superstitious behavior tendencies of professional football players and coaches. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 9(3), 301-322. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1432085
  • Frimpong, J. B., Srem-Sai, M., Hagan, J. E., Abieraba, R. S. K., Sorkpor, R. S., & Schack, T. (2021). Interactions between gender, age and competitive level on elite student-athletes’ religious coping experiences in the week leading up to competition. International Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education, 6(4), 61-68. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsspe.20210604.11
  • Hagan Jr, J. E. (2021). Investigating pre-competition-related discrete emotions and unaccustomed religious coping among elite student-athletes: Implications for reflexive practice. Religions, 12(3), 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12030149
  • Jawad, H., Al-Sinani, Y., & Benn, T. (2011). Islam, women and sport. Muslim Women and Sport, 25-40.
  • Kalli, H., & Yılmaz, S. (2024). The relations between religious attitudes, paranormal beliefs and critical thinking disposition: A study among undergraduate students. Cumhuriyet Theology Journal, 28(2), 914-934. https://doi.org/10.18505/cuid.1521799
  • Kanbir, F. (2022). Sociological evaluation of superstition tendencies of national athletes. The Journal of Kesit Academy, 8 (31), 52-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/kesit.62562
  • Karasar, N. (2021). Scientific research method. Nobel Publishing.
  • Kımter, N., & Taş, N. (2019). An investigation on the relationship between superstition levels and happiness levels, religious orientations of university students. The Journal of Kesit Academy, 21, 178-220.
  • Maranise, A. M. (2013). Superstition & religious ritual: An examination of their effects and utilization in sport. The Sport Psychologist, 27(1), 83-91. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.27.1.83
  • Morris, B., Thornton, C., Neave, N., & Allen, G. (2025). Understanding the use of superstitious rituals in sports people. Journal of Sports Sciences, 43(18), 2046-2057. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2025.2532994
  • Nakamura, Y. (2017). Sport and Muslim men in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada: An exploratory study. Sport in Society, 20(11), 1799-1814. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2017.1346615
  • Noh, Y. E. (2024). The impact of religious–psychological factors on self-perceived sport performance among religious athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 72, 102602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102612
  • Özçelik, A., & Taşkın, O. (2024). Psycho-social effects of superstitions adopted by the family on children in religious education. Trabzon Theology Journal, 11(2), 409-434. https://doi.org/10.33718/tid.1514905
  • Parker, A., White, J. B., & Meyer, A. R. (2023). Youth, sport, and faith: Identity formation in high school athletes. Religions, 14(10), 1293. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14101293
  • Pfister, G. (2000). Doing sport in a headscarf? German sport and Turkish females. Journal of Sport History, 27, 497-524.
  • Pujalte, G. G. (2024). Athletes and superstitious rituals. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 64(8), 841-845. https://doi.org/10.23736/s0022-4707.24.15668-x
  • Pujalte, G.G., Nadwodny, J.P., Clapp, A.D., Amoako, A., Pesigan, R.J., Dekker, T., Campos, L., Tierney, M., Salinas, M., Cudahy, R., Chauhan, M (2024). Athletes and superstitious rituals. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 64(8), 841-845. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.24.15668-X
  • Serazio, M. (2013). The elementary forms of sports fandom: A Durkheimian exploration of team myths, kinship, and totemic rituals. Communication & Sport, 1, 303–325. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167479512462017
  • Strandbu, A. (2005). Identity, embodied culture and physical exercise: Stories from Muslim girlsin Oslo with immigrant backgrounds. Young, 13(1), 27-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1103308805048751
  • Taş, Z., Hergüner, G., İmamoğlu, A., Yaman, Ç., Zengin, M., Üzüm, H., & Karlı, Ü. (2020). Development of Islamic Religion’s impact on sport activities scale. Journal of Human Sciences, 17(2), 730-745.
  • Wilson, S. M., Grieve, F. G., Ostrowski, S., Mienaltowski, A., & Cyr, C. (2013). Roles of team identification and game outcome in sport fan superstitious behaviors. Journal of Sport Behavior, 36(4), 417-429.
  • Zaugg, M. K. (1980). Superstitious beliefs of basketball players. Graduate Student Theses. Dissertations, & Professional Papers 3784.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Egzersiz ve Spor Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Gökçer Aydın 0009-0005-5545-6608

Gökhan Aydın 0000-0001-6183-3688

Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Mayıs 2025
Kabul Tarihi 22 Mart 2026
Yayımlanma Tarihi 28 Mart 2026
IZ https://izlik.org/JA78DS82EZ
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Aydın, G., & Aydın, G. (2026). Belief Management in Sport: Examining the Relationship Between Islamic Influence and Superstitious Attitudes Among Athletes. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 14(1), 1-14. https://izlik.org/JA78DS82EZ
IntJSCS is published by International Science Culture and Sport Association (ISCSA).