Araştırma Makalesi
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Investigation of the Effect of Parental Physical Literacy and Attitudes Towards Physical Activity on the Physical Activity Participation of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 4 , 538 - 556 , 20.12.2025
https://izlik.org/JA77YB29BZ

Öz

Individuals with ASD require support throughout every stage of their lives, and this support is usually provided by their parents. Parents make decisions on behalf of their children with ASD and guide them according to their needs. Among these needs, physical activity stands out as a key factor in helping children with ASD stay healthy, avoid secondary disorders, and engage in social interaction. Children’s participation in physical activity is also closely related to the decisions their parents make in this regardIn determining the study group, the convenience sampling method, which is a non-random sampling technique, was used, and 373 parents residing in Ankara who have children diagnosed with ASD were included in the study. The data collection tools employed were the ‘Perceived Physical Literacy Scale’, validated and tested for reliability in Turkish by Munusturlar and Yıldızer (2020), and the ‘Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity Scale’, validated and tested in Turkish by Eskiler et al. (2016). In the analysis of the data, t-tests, ANOVA, regression, and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. Significant differences were found between perceived income and educational status variables and parents’ attitudes toward and literacy in physical activity. However, no significant difference was observed based on gender. Furthermore, it was determined that parents’ physical literacy levels are a significant predictor of their attitudes toward physical activity.

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi, I. N. (2014). Socio-cultural barriers to attaining recommended levels of physical activity among females: A review of literature. Quest, 66(4), 448–467. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2014.955118
  • Acak, M., Karademir, T., & Altun, M. (2024). Investigation of the relationship between high school students' perceived physical literacy and self-esteem. Inonu University Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 11(2), 15–44.
  • Adele Kentel, J., & Dobson, T. M. (2007). Beyond myopic visions of education: Revisiting movement literacy. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 12(2), 145–162.
  • American Psychiatric Association [APA]. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.
  • Bauminger, N., & Kasari, C. (2000). Loneliness and friendship in high‐functioning children with autism. Child Development, 71(2), 447–456.
  • Blagrave, A. J., Colombo-Dougovito, A. M., & Healy, S. (2021). “Just invite us”: Autistic adults' recommendations for developing more accessible physical activity opportunities. Autism in Adulthood, 3(2), 179–186.
  • Buchanan, A. M., Miedema, B., & Frey, G. C. (2017). Parents’ perspectives of physical activity in their adult children with autism spectrum disorder: A social-ecological approach. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 34(4), 401–420.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2018). Scientific research methods in education. Pegem Academy.
  • Cairney, J., Dudley, D., Kwan, M., Bulten, R., & Kriellaars, D. (2019). Physical literacy, physical activity and health: Toward an evidence-informed conceptual model. Sports Medicine, 49(3), 371–383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0988-y
  • Caldwell, H. A., Di Cristofaro, N. A., Cairney, J., Bray, S. R., MacDonald, M. J., & Timmons, B. W. (2020). Physical literacy, physical activity, and health indicators in school-age children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5367. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155367
  • Carty, C., Van Der Ploeg, H. P., Biddle, S. J., Bull, F., Willumsen, J., Lee, L., Kamenov, K., & Milton, K. (2021). The first global physical activity and sedentary behavior guidelines for people living with disability. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 18(1), 86–93. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2020-0629
  • Caspersen, C. J., Powell, K. E., & Christenson, G. M. (1985). Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Reports, 100(2), 126–131.
  • Çelik, S., İstek, Z., Kızkın, A., Yiğit, M. C., & Kaçan, H. (2021). Üniversite öğrencilerinin sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeylerinin incelenmesi: Bartın Üniversitesi örneği. Istanbul Gelisim University Journal of Health Sciences, 15, 593–605.
  • Choi, S. M., Sum, R. K. W., Leung, E. F. L., & Ng, R. S. K. (2018). Relationship between perceived physical literacy and physical activity levels among Hong Kong adolescents. PLoS One, 13(8), e0203105.
  • Cornish, K., Fox, G., Fyfe, T., Koopmans, E., Pousette, A., & Pelletier, C. A. (2020). Understanding physical literacy in the context of health: A rapid scoping review. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1–19.
  • Crowell, J. A., Keluskar, J., & Gorecki, A. (2019). Parenting behavior and the development of children with autism spectrum disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 90, 21–29.
  • Dereceli, Ç., Dereceli, E., & Dokuzoğlu, G. (2024). The effect of associate degree students' cognitive behavioral physical activity levels on the enjoyment of physical activities. Research in Sport Education and Sciences, 26(2), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.62425/rses.1457792
  • Dinç, Z. F., Sevimli, D., & Uluöz, E. (2011). Parents’ opinions about directing their children to sports and physical activity. Sport Sciences, 6(2), 93–102.
  • Dmitruk, A., Poplawska, H., Górniak, K., & Holub, W. (2015). The participation of girls and boys aged 10–18 in structured sports and extracurricular activities in relation to social and economic conditions. Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism, 21(4), 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjst-2015-0005
  • Durmuş, K., & Sarol, H. (2024). Investigation of the intentions of children on the autism spectrum to participate in physical activity according to the theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 70(8), 1410–1421. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2023.2180844

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Çocukların Ebeveynlerinde Bedensel Okuryazarlığın Fiziksel Aktivite Tutumlarına Etkisi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 4 , 538 - 556 , 20.12.2025
https://izlik.org/JA77YB29BZ

Öz

OSB’li bireyler yaşamlarının her anında desteğe ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar. Bu desteği de genellikle ebeveynleri sağlamaktadır. Ebeveynler, OSB’li çocukları adına karar almakta ve onların gereksinimlerine yönelik olarak çocuklarını yönlendirmektedirler. Bu gereksinimlerin başında ise, OSB’li çocukların sağlıklı kalmaları, ikincil rahatsızlıklardan korunmaları ve sosyalleşebilmeleri açısından fiziksel aktivite yer almaktadır. OSB’li çocukların fiziksel aktiviteye katılımları da yine ebeveynlerinin fiziksel aktiviteye yönelik verecekleri kararlar ile ilişkilidir. Bu doğrultuda araştırmanın amacı, OSB’li çocuklara sahip ebeveynlerin fiziksel okuryazarlık düzeylerinin, fiziksel aktiviteye yönelik tutumları üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırma, ilişkisel tarama modeline göre yürütülmüştür. Çalışma grubunun belirlenmesinde tesadüfi olmayan örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmış ve bu doğrultuda Ankara’da yaşayan, OSB tanısı almış çocuğa sahip 373 ebeveyn çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak Munusturlar ve Yıldızer’in (2020) Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasını yaptığı “Algılanan Beden Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği” ile Eskiler vd. (2016) tarafından Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması yapılan “Bilişsel Davranışçı Fiziksel Aktivite Ölçeği” ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise bağımsız örneklemler için t-testi, ANOVA, regresyon ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri yapılmıştır. Algılanılan gelir ve eğitim durumu değişkenleri ile ebeveynlerin fiziksel aktiviteye yönelik tutumu ve okuryazarlığı arasında anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte cinsiyet değişkeni ile anlamlı farklılık bulunmamıştır. Ayrıca, ebeveynlerin bedensel okuryazarlık düzeylerinin fiziksel aktiviteye yönelik tutumların anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi, I. N. (2014). Socio-cultural barriers to attaining recommended levels of physical activity among females: A review of literature. Quest, 66(4), 448–467. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2014.955118
  • Acak, M., Karademir, T., & Altun, M. (2024). Investigation of the relationship between high school students' perceived physical literacy and self-esteem. Inonu University Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 11(2), 15–44.
  • Adele Kentel, J., & Dobson, T. M. (2007). Beyond myopic visions of education: Revisiting movement literacy. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 12(2), 145–162.
  • American Psychiatric Association [APA]. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). American Psychiatric Publishing.
  • Bauminger, N., & Kasari, C. (2000). Loneliness and friendship in high‐functioning children with autism. Child Development, 71(2), 447–456.
  • Blagrave, A. J., Colombo-Dougovito, A. M., & Healy, S. (2021). “Just invite us”: Autistic adults' recommendations for developing more accessible physical activity opportunities. Autism in Adulthood, 3(2), 179–186.
  • Buchanan, A. M., Miedema, B., & Frey, G. C. (2017). Parents’ perspectives of physical activity in their adult children with autism spectrum disorder: A social-ecological approach. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 34(4), 401–420.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2018). Scientific research methods in education. Pegem Academy.
  • Cairney, J., Dudley, D., Kwan, M., Bulten, R., & Kriellaars, D. (2019). Physical literacy, physical activity and health: Toward an evidence-informed conceptual model. Sports Medicine, 49(3), 371–383. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0988-y
  • Caldwell, H. A., Di Cristofaro, N. A., Cairney, J., Bray, S. R., MacDonald, M. J., & Timmons, B. W. (2020). Physical literacy, physical activity, and health indicators in school-age children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5367. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155367
  • Carty, C., Van Der Ploeg, H. P., Biddle, S. J., Bull, F., Willumsen, J., Lee, L., Kamenov, K., & Milton, K. (2021). The first global physical activity and sedentary behavior guidelines for people living with disability. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 18(1), 86–93. https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2020-0629
  • Caspersen, C. J., Powell, K. E., & Christenson, G. M. (1985). Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Reports, 100(2), 126–131.
  • Çelik, S., İstek, Z., Kızkın, A., Yiğit, M. C., & Kaçan, H. (2021). Üniversite öğrencilerinin sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeylerinin incelenmesi: Bartın Üniversitesi örneği. Istanbul Gelisim University Journal of Health Sciences, 15, 593–605.
  • Choi, S. M., Sum, R. K. W., Leung, E. F. L., & Ng, R. S. K. (2018). Relationship between perceived physical literacy and physical activity levels among Hong Kong adolescents. PLoS One, 13(8), e0203105.
  • Cornish, K., Fox, G., Fyfe, T., Koopmans, E., Pousette, A., & Pelletier, C. A. (2020). Understanding physical literacy in the context of health: A rapid scoping review. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1–19.
  • Crowell, J. A., Keluskar, J., & Gorecki, A. (2019). Parenting behavior and the development of children with autism spectrum disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 90, 21–29.
  • Dereceli, Ç., Dereceli, E., & Dokuzoğlu, G. (2024). The effect of associate degree students' cognitive behavioral physical activity levels on the enjoyment of physical activities. Research in Sport Education and Sciences, 26(2), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.62425/rses.1457792
  • Dinç, Z. F., Sevimli, D., & Uluöz, E. (2011). Parents’ opinions about directing their children to sports and physical activity. Sport Sciences, 6(2), 93–102.
  • Dmitruk, A., Poplawska, H., Górniak, K., & Holub, W. (2015). The participation of girls and boys aged 10–18 in structured sports and extracurricular activities in relation to social and economic conditions. Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism, 21(4), 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjst-2015-0005
  • Durmuş, K., & Sarol, H. (2024). Investigation of the intentions of children on the autism spectrum to participate in physical activity according to the theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 70(8), 1410–1421. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2023.2180844
Toplam 20 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Engelliler için Beden Eğitimi, Spor ve Fiziksel Aktivite
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Buğra Akay 0000-0003-2567-6544

Rıfat Kerem Gürkan 0000-0003-2802-9350

Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Temmuz 2025
Kabul Tarihi 12 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2025
IZ https://izlik.org/JA77YB29BZ
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Akay, B., & Gürkan, R. K. (2025). Investigation of the Effect of Parental Physical Literacy and Attitudes Towards Physical Activity on the Physical Activity Participation of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 13(4), 538-556. https://izlik.org/JA77YB29BZ
IntJSCS is published by International Science Culture and Sport Association (ISCSA).