Dynamics of the Physical Fitness Status in Students of the “Tourism” Specialized Field during a Trans-Season Stage

Öz

The research aimed to study dynamics of the physical fitness status in students of the “Tourism” specialized field during a trans-season stage. Totally 100 university students studying “Tourism” as a business service were involved into the physical fitness testing (48 males and 52 females). A half of the participants studied in the Classic University and another half − in the Sport University. Monthly testing was conducted seven times from September to March using a complex test Kontreks–2. The scoring system consists of eleven indicators: five of them are biomedical: age, body weight, blood pressure, heart rate, reducing pulse; a six – motor: flexibility, speed, dynamic power, power, speed and overall endurance. Linear regression was used with a purpose to study trends of the physical fitness during the trans-season stage. Two-ways ANOVA was used to determine differences between samples. One-way ANOVA with repeated measures was used to evaluate test-retest reliability (ICC=0.094). A significant superiority of students from the Sport University vs. Classic University was noticed during the seven months preparation stage (17.6%, p<0.001) that is important in managing of the sport and healthy active tourism. Despite of this absolute difference, dynamics of these results was rather similar in these two universities (61.3%).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Students
• Physical Fitness
• Tourism
• Testing
• Modelling

Kaynakça

1. Academic program at the bachelor level for the speciality 242 “Tourism” (2016). Lviv State University of Physical Culture. Retrieved from http://ldufk.edu.ua/files/Nauka/zvit/bakal%20z%20turizmu%20obsl..pdf (accessed May 11, 2020).
2. Al-Khudairy L, Loveman E, Colquitt JL, Mead E, Johnson RE, Fraser H et al. (2017). Diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obese adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. Cochrane Database Systematic Reviews, 6: CD012691. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012691 (accessed May 11, 2020).
3. Almehrizi RS (2013). Coefficient Alpha and reliability of scale scores. Applied Psychological Measurement, 3(6): 438-459. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146621613484983 (accessed May 11, 2020).
4. Bozkus, T. (2014). A Research on Identifying the Need for Distance Education for National Athletes Who Study in School of Physical Education and Sport. TOJDE, 15, 282-290.
5. Burnstein BD, Steele RJ, Shrier I (2011). Reliability of fitness tests using methods and time periods common in sport and occupational management. Journal of athletic training, 46(5): 505–513. https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-46.5.505 (accessed May 11, 2020).
6. Cosgrove SJ, Crawford DA, Heinrich KM (2019). Multiple Fitness Improvements Found after 6-Months of High Intensity Functional Training. Sports (Basel, Switzerland), 7(9): 203. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7090203 (accessed May 11, 2020).
7. Dell Inc. (2017). Electronic Statistics Textbook. Round-Rock, Texas: StatSoft Statistica; Available from: http://www.statsoft.com/Products/STATISTICA-Features (accessed May 11, 2020).
8. Dushanin SA, Pirogova EA, Ivashchenko LYa (1985). Self-control of the physical state. Kiev: Zdorov’ya.

9. Falk NJH, Kennedy MD (2019). The multimodal nature of high-intensity functional training: potential applications to improve sport performance. Sports (Basel). Jan 29; 7(2). pii: E33. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports7020033(accessed May 11, 2020).
10. Faragas S, Radu LE, Vanvu GI (2015). The Level of Physical Activity of University Students. Procedia − Social and Behavioral Sciences, 197: 1454-1457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.07.094 (accessed May 11, 2020).
11. Fife DA., Mendoza JL, Terry R (2012). The assessment of reliability under range restriction: a comparison of α, ω, and test–retest reliability for dichotomous data.
12. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 72(5): 862-888. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164411430225 (accessed May 11, 2020).
13. Haddock CK, Poston WS, Heinrich KM, Jahnke SA, Jitnarin N (2016). The Benefits of High-Intensity Functional Training Fitness Programs for Military Personnel. Military Medicine, 181(11): e1508-e1514. https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-15-00503 (accessed May 11, 2020).
14. Ishii K, Shibata A, Adachi M, Nanoue K, Oka K (2015). Gender and grade differences in objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns among Japanese children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 15(1): 1254-1262. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2607-3 (accessed May 11, 2020)
15. Kharchenko R, Khomenko S, Krasilov A, Rybalko P (2019). Methodology of teaching discipline “Physical Education” in a higher education institution. Pedagogical sciences: theory, history, innovative technologies, 5(89): 183-194. https://doi.org/10.24139/2312-5993/2019.05/183-194 (accessed May 11, 2020).
16. Kukhtiy AO, Labartkava KV (2011). Influence of hiking on functional state of the students’ constitution (for the example of “Tourism” specialty). Scientific journal of National Pedagogical University named after MP Dragomanov. Series No 15. “Scientific and Pedagogical Problems of Physical Culture / Physical Culture and Sports”, 13: 290-295.
17. Liposek S, Planinsec J, Leskosek B, Pajtler A (2019). Physical activity of university students and its relation to physical fitness and academic success. Annales Kinesiologiae, 9(2): 89-104. https://doi.org/10.35469/ak.2018.171 (accessed May 11, 2020).
18. Mahar MT, Rowe DA (2008). Practical guidelines for valid and reliable youth fitness testing. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 12(3): 126-145. https://doi.org/10.1080/10913670802216106 (accessed May 11, 2020).
19. Mcdavid L, McDonough MH, Wong J, Snyder FJ, Ruiz Y, Blankenship BB (2019). Associations between participation in a Physical Activity-Based Positive Youth Development Program and Academic Outcomes. Journal of Adolescence, 77: 147-151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2019.10.012. (accessed May 11, 2020).
20. Ortega FB, Artero EG, Ruiz J, Vicente-Rodriguez G, Bergman P, Hagstromer M et al. (2005). Reliability of health-related physical fitness tests in European adolescents. The HELENA Study. International journal of obesity, 32(Suppl. 5): S49-57. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.183 (accessed May 11, 2020).
21. Ortega FB, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Sanchez-Delgado G, Mora-Gonzalez J, Martinez-Tellez B, Artero EG et al. (2015). Systematic review and proposal of a field-based physical fitness-test battery in preschool children: the PREFIT battery. Sports Medicine, 45(4): 533-555. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0281-8 (accessed May 11, 2020).
22. Petersen N, Thieschafer L, Ploutz-Snyder L, Damann V, Mester J (2015). Reliability of a new test battery for fitness assessment of the European Astronaut corps. Extreme physiology & medicine, 4: 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13728-015-0032-y (accessed May 11, 2020).
23. Regulation of the Bioethical Commission (2018). Lviv State University of Physical Culture.
24. https://www.ldufk.edu.ua/files/tekst_fail/dokumenty%20LDUFK/polozhennja%20pro%20bioet%200420.pdf (accessed May 11, 2020).
25. Ruiz JR, Castro-Pinero J, Espana-Romero V, Artero EG, Ortega FB, Cuenca MM et al. (2011). British Journal of Sports Medicine, 45(6): 518-524. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2010.075341 (accessed May 11, 2020).
26. Sahoo K, Sahoo B, Choudhury AK, Sofi NY, Kumar R, Bhadoria AS (2015). Childhood obesity: causes and consequences. Journal of family medicine and primary care, 4(2): 187–192. https://doi.org/10.4103/2249-4863.154628 (accessed May 11, 2020).
27. Shrout PE, Fleiss JL (1979). Intraclass correlations: Uses in assessing rater reliability. Psychological Bulletin, 8(2): 420–428. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.2.420 (accessed May 11, 2020).
28. Skaliy A, Skaliy T, Muszkieta R, Kalosza A, Żukow W (2009). Analysis of the physical conditions of the body of students in the course of increased physical activity during mountain hiking rated tourist. Current challenges of tourism and recreation to the health. Ed.: R. Muszkieta. Bydgoszcz. Publishing House: Wyższa Szkoła Gospodarki: 20-126.
29. Smirnov N (1948). Table for estimating the goodness of fit of empirical distributions. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 19(2): 279–281. doi:10.1214/aoms/1177730256 (accessed May 11, 2020).
30. Suni JH, Oja P, Laukkanen RT, Miilunpalo SI, Pasanen ME, Vuori IM et al. (1996). Health-related fitness test battery for adults: aspects of reliability. Archive of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 77(4): 399-405. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0003-9993(96)90092-1 (accessed May 11, 2020).
31. Trost SG, Pate RR, Sallis JF, Freedson PS, Taylor WC, Dowda M et al. (2002). Age and gender differences in objectively measured physical activity in youth. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 34:(2): 350–355. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200202000-00025 (accessed May 11, 2020).
32. Tymoshenko LO, Labartkava KV (2011). Tourism in shaping the health of individuals as an integrated medical and pedagogical problem. Scientific journal of National Pedagogical University named after MP Dragomanov. Series No 15. “Scientific and Pedagogical Problems of Physical Culture / Physical Culture and Sports”, 13: 618 – 621.
33. Viktorov FV (1990). A method of the express control for the human level of the physical state (KONTREKS–2). Theory and practice of physical culture, No 1: 26-28. Working program of the academic subject “Physical Education” (2020). Ivan Franko National University, Lviv. Retrieved from https://geography.lnu.edu.ua/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/phiz-vuhov-tour.pdf (accessed May 11, 2020).
34. Zanevskyy IP, Labartkava КV (2020). Trans-season reliability of the physical fitness testing in students of the “Tourism” speciality. Theory and Methods of Physical Education, 20(2): 95-101. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2020.2.05 (accessed May 11, 2020).
35. Zanevskyy I, Zanevska L (2016). Models of intra- and interclass correlation test mean-score reliability. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 44(5): 1853-1861. https://doi.org/10.1520/JTE 20140363 (accessed May 11, 2020).
36. Zanevskyy I, Zanevska L (2017). Intraclass Correlation Test-Score Reliability of a Single Trial. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 45(3): 1073-1080. https://doi.org/10.1520/JTE20150485 (accessed May 11, 2020).
37. Zanevskyy I, Zanevska L (2019). Validity of the Dickson index regarding primary school physical education. Human Movement, 20(2): 44–49. https://doi.org/10.5114/hm.2019.81021 (accessed May 11, 2020).