Development and Validation of Organizational Socialization Scale

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 1, 288 - 302, 30.04.2019

Ufuk Erdoğan , Burhanettin Dönmez

https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.531733

Cited By: 9

Öz

The purpose of this study is to develop a valid
and reliable scale for determining teachers' organizational socialization
levels. The study group consists of 814 teachers working in primary and
secondary schools in Malatya. In the items' development process, firstly the
literature review was carried out and the scale items were prepared based on
the literature review. Then, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were
conducted to evaluate the construct validity of the scale. The internal
consistency of the scale was assessed by calculating Cronbach's α for each
subscale. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that 24 items loaded on five
factors, with factor loadings that ranged from .46 to .84. Confirmatory
analysis results clearly indicated that the five-factor model was a good fit
for the data. The results showed that Cronbach’s α coefficients ranged from
.84 to .91, indicating high internal consistency. The findings obtained as a
result of the validity and reliability studies suggest that the scale
developed can be used as a valid and reliable instrument in determining
teachers' organizational socialization levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Organizational socialization, teacher, construct validity, reliability

Öğretmenlerin Örgütsel Sosyalleşme Düzeylerini Belirlemeye Yönelik Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı öğretmenlerin örgütsel sosyalleşme
düzeylerini belirlemeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirmektir.
Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Malatya ilindeki ilk ve ortaokullarda görev yapan 814
öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak öncelikle alanyazın taraması
gerçekleştirilmiş, elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda ölçek maddeleri
hazırlanmıştır. Daha sonra açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile ölçeğin
yapı geçerliği test edilmiştir. Güvenirlik çalışması kapsamında Cronbach alfa
iç tutarlık katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda
ölçekte yer alan 24 maddenin beş faktör altında toplandığı ve faktör yüklerinin
.46 ile .84 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizinden
elde edilen uyum değerleri, ölçek için model-veri uyumunun iyi düzeyde olduğunu
göstermiştir. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini belirlemek için hesaplanan Cronbach alfa
katsayılarının .84 ile .91 arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir.  Elde edilen bulgular, bu ölçme aracının öğretmenlerin
örgütsel sosyalleşeme düzeylerini belirlemede kullanılabilecek geçerli ve
güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Örgütsel sosyalleşme, Öğretmenler, Geçerlik, güvenirlik

Kaynakça

• Alhija, F. N. A., & Fresko, B. (2010). Socialization of new teachers: Does induction matter?. Teaching and teacher education, 26(8), 1592-1597.
• Anderson, N., & Ostroff, C. (1997). Selection as socialization. In N. Anderson & P. Herriot (eds), International handbook of selection and assessment (pp. 413–440). Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
• Ashforth, B. E., Sluss, D. M., & Harrison, S. H. (2007). Socialization in organizational contexts. International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 22, 1–70.
• Ashford, S. J., & Taylor, M. S. (1990). Adaptation to work transitions: An integrative approach. In G.R. Ferris & K.M. Rowland (eds), Research in personnel and human resources management (Vol. 8, pp. 1–39). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
• Balcı, A. (2000). Örgütsel sosyalleşme: Kuram strateji ve taktikler. Ankara: Pegem Yayıncılık.
• Bauer, T.N., & Erdogan, B. (2012). Organizational socialization outcomes: now and into the future, in Wanberg, C.R. (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Organizational Socialization (pp. 97-112). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
• Bauer, T. N., Bodner, T., Erdogan, B., Truxillo, D. M., & Tucker, J. S. (2007). Newcomer adjustment during organizational socialization: A meta-analytic review of antecedents, outcomes, and methods. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(3), 707.
• Bauer, T. N., Morrison, E.W., & Callister, R. R. (1998). Organizational socialization: A review and directions for future research. In G. R. Ferris (ed.), Research in personnel and human resources management (Vol. 16, pp. 149–214). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
• Blase, J. (1986). Socialization as humanization: One side of becoming a teacher. Sociology of Education, 59, 100-113.
• Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research (2nd Edition). New York, NY: Guilford Press Publications.
• Can, H. (2002). Organizasyon ve yönetim. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
• Can, H., Akgün, A., & Kavuncubaşı, Ş. (2001). Kamu ve özel kesimde insan kaynakları yönetimi. Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
• Chao, G. T., O'Leary-Kelly, A. M., Wolf, S., Klein, H. J., & Gardner, P. D. (1994). Organizational socialization: Its content and consequences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79(5), 730-743.
• Cohen, A., & Veled-Hecht, A. (2010). The relationship between organizational socialization and commitment in the workplace among employees in long-term nursing care facilities. Personnel Review, 39(5), 537-556.
• Cooper-Thomas, H.D., & Anderson, N. (2006). Organizational socialization: A new theoretical model and recommendations for future research and HRM practices in organizations. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(5), 492-516.
• Cooper-Thomas, H., Anderson, N., & Cash, M. (2011). Investigating organizational socialization: A fresh look at newcomer adjustment strategies. Personnel Review, 41(1), 41-55.
• Çıvgın, İ., & Yardımcı, R. (2007). Sosyolojiye Giriş, Ankara: Nobel Yayınları
• Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: Spss ve Lisrel uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Yayıncılık.
• Dönmezer, S. (1999). Toplumbilim, (12. Baskı). İstanbul: Beta yayınları
• Ellis, A. M., Bauer, T. N., & Erdogan, B. (2015). New-employee organizational socialization: Adjusting to new roles, colleagues, and organizations. In J. E. Grusec & P. D. Hastings (Eds.), Handbook of socialization: Theory and research (pp. 301-322). New York, NY, US: Guilford Press.
• Feldman, D. C. (1976). A contingency theory of socialization. Administrative Science Quarterly, 21, 433–452.
• Field, A. (2017). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (5th Edition). Thousand. Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
• Fisher, C. D. (1986). Organizational socialization: An integrative review. In K. M. Rowland & G. R. Ferris (eds), Research in personnel and human resources management (Vol. 4. pp. 101–145). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
• Gailliard, B. M., Myers, K. K., & Seibold, D. R. (2010). Organizational assimilation: A multidimensional reconceptualization and measure. Management Communication Quarterly, 24(4), 552-578.
• Güçlü, N. (1996). Öğretmen olma süreci: Sosyalleşme. Eğitim ve Bilim, 20(4), 55-63.
• Harrington, D. (2009). Confirmatory factor analysis. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Haueter, J. A., Macan, T. H. ve Winter, J. (2003). Measurement of newcomer socialization: Construct validation of a multidimensional scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63, 20–39.
• Hu, L. and Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55.
• Kartal, S. (2007). Eğitimde örgütsel sosyalleşme. Ankara: Maya Akademi Yayınları.
• Kline, P. (1994). An easy guide to factor analysis. New York: Routledge.
• Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th Edition). New York: The Guilford Press.
• Lance, C. E., Butts, M. M., & Michels, L. C. (2006). The sources of four commonly reported cutoff criteria: what did they really say?. Organizational Research Methods, 9(2), 202-220.
• Louis, M. R. (1980). Surprise and sense making: What newcomers experience in entering unfamiliar organizational settings. Administrative Science Quarterly, 25, 226–251.Morrison, E. W. (1993). Longitudinal study of the effects of information seeking on newcomer socialization. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 173–183.
• Ostroff, C., Kozlowski, S. W. J. (1992). Organizational socialization as a learning process: The role of information acquisition. Personnel Psychology, 45, 849–874.
• Saks, A. M. ve Ashforth, B. E. (1997). Organizational socialization: Making sense of the past and present as a prologue for the future. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 51, 234–279.
• Schumacker, R. E. & Lomax, R. G. (2010). A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling (3rd Edition). New York: Routledge.
• Staton-Spicer, A. Q. ve Darling, A. L. (1986). Communication in the socialization of preservice teachers. Communication Education, 35, 215-230.
• Staton, A. Q. ve Hunt, S. L. (1992). Teacher socialization: Review and conceptualization. Communication Education, 41, 109–137.
• Staton, A. Q. (2008). Teacher socialization. The International Encyclopedia of Communication. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 4990-4995.
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th Edition). Pearson and Allyn and Bacon.
• Taormina, R. J. (1994). The organizational socialization inventory. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 2, 133–145.
• Taormina, R. J. (2004). Convergent validation of two measures of organizational socialization. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 15, 76–94.
• Taormina, R. J. (1997). Organizational socialization: A multidomain, continuous process model. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 5, 29–47.
• Taormina, R. J. (2009). Organizational socialization: the missing link between employee needs and organizational culture. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 24(7), 650-676.
• Tezcan, M. (2010). Eğitim sosyoloji, (14. Baskı). Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık
• Thomas, H.D.C. ve Anderson, N. (1998). Changes in newcomers’ psychological contracts during organizational socialization: A study of recruits entering the British Army. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 19, 745-67
• Yüksel, Ö. (1997). İnsan kaynakları yönetimi. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
• Van Maanen, J. & Schein, E. H. (1979). Toward a theory of organizational socialization. In B.M. Staw (ed.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 1, ss. 209–264). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
• Worthington, R. L., & Whittaker, T. A. (2006). Scale development research: A content analysis and recommendations for best practices. The Counseling Psychologist, 34(6), 806-838.
• Zeichner, K. M. ve Gore, J. M. (1990). Teacher socialization. In W. R. Houston (Ed.), Handbook of research on teacher education (pp. 329-348). New York: Macmillan.