ON J. J. ROUSSEAU AND HIS PERCEPTION OF SOVEREIGNTY
Abstract
In this study, Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712 – 1778), one of the most important political theoreticians of the 18th century, whose ideas on the domination of the French Revolution and the democratization of Europe in the Age of Enlightenment and his perception of sovereignty will be examined with broad strokes. In this perspective, a brief overview on the identity and oeuvre of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who is one of the most important theoreticians of the social contract theory which argues that the state exists as a result of a human-made contract based on the human nature, will be introduced. Then Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s sense of sovereignty will be demonstrated by the concepts of "state of nature", "social contract" and "general will" which form the basis of his perception of sovereignty. The main purpose of our study is to stress the thesis claiming the readings on the description of Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s general will, which is characterized by the will of an absolute majority, are deficient. According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau, what makes a will called as “general” is to aim the common interests and the common goods rather than caring the number of votes. In the final analysis, criticisms raised against Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s perception of sovereignty and extant repercussions of his perception of sovereignty will be held under the scope. Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s ideas will absolutely continue to have their repercussions on the theory of democracy as they used to be.
Keywords
J. J. Rousseau,sovereignty,state of nature,social contract,general will
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