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UNPACKING TEMPORARY PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: FAILURE OF DURABLE SOLUTIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1 30 Haziran 2022
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UNPACKING TEMPORARY PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: FAILURE OF DURABLE SOLUTIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Öz

Temporary protection has been discussed, promoted, and implemented in different regions (Southeast Asia, Europe, Middle East) since 1970s as a practical response for large-scale refugee movements. Nevertheless, despite its wide usage and implementation, what is meant by temporary protection is not clear, and frequently debated in policy and academic circles. The attempts to standardize/improve temporary protection frameworks dominate the studies on temporary protection. Rather than solely focusing on what is temporary protection or what it should be, this article makes a novel contribution to the literature by asking a neglected question: how and why has the category of temporary protection been developed in the contemporary international refugee regime and with what consequences? By focusing on the policy guidelines, soft-law instruments, and existing literature on temporary protection, it shows that temporary protection has been developed in a top-down manner focusing solely on the state interests. The failure of durable solutions framework in international refugee regime and inherent uncertainties of temporary protection are intrinsically related to each other and their relation is taken as key to unpack the development and consequences of temporary protection regimes. This article concludes that temporary protection both creates and maintains uncertainty as a refugee management strategy which speaks to state interests in the context of the failure traditional durable solutions framework.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Temporary Protection, Durable Solutions, Refugee Law, Uncertainty

Kaynakça

  1. ALBERT, Matthew: “Governance and Prima Facie Refugee Status Determination: Clarifying the Boundaries of Temporary Protection, Group Determination, and Mass Influx”, Refugee Survey Quarterly, 29(1), 2010.
  2. AKRAM, Susan M. (et.al): “Protecting Syrian Refugees: Laws, Policies, and Global Responsibility Sharing”, Boston University School of Law International Human Rights Clinic, 2014. http://www.bu.edu/law/files/2015/07/FINALFullReport.pdf, (Accessed: 04.08.2021).
  3. BIEHL, Kristen S.: “Governing Through Uncertainty: Experiences of Being a Refugee in Turkey as a Country for Temporary Asylum”, Social Analysis, 59(1), 2015.
  4. BRUN, Cathrine/FABOS, Anita: “Making Homes in Limbo? A Conceptual Framework”, Refuge, 31(1), 2015.
  5. CAPO, Jasna: ““Durable Solutions”, Transnationalism, and Homemaking Among Croatian and Bosnian Former Refugees”, Refuge, 31(1), 2015.
  6. Cartagena Declaration on Refugees, Colloquium on the International Protection of Refugees in Central America, Mexico and Panama, 22.11.1984.
  7. CHIMNI, BS: “From Resettlement to Involuntary Repatriation: Towards a Critical History of Durable Solutions to Refugee Problems”, Refugee Survey Quarterly, 23(3), 2004.
  8. COLES, G.J.L.: “Temporary Refuge and the Large Scale Influx of Refugees”, Australian Year Book of International Law, 8, 1978-1980.
  9. Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees (adopted 28.07.1951, entered into force 22.04.1954) 189 UNTS 137
  10. Council of the European Union: Council Directive on Minimum Standards for Giving Temporary Protection in the Event of a Mass Influx of Displaced Persons and on Measures Promoting a Balance of Efforts Between Member States in Receiving such Persons and Bearing the Consequences Thereof, OJL.212/12-212/23, 2001/55/EC, 07.08.2001.

Kaynak Göster

APA
Şengül, İ. (2022). UNPACKING TEMPORARY PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: FAILURE OF DURABLE SOLUTIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(1), 16-28. https://doi.org/10.21492/inuhfd.992439
AMA
1.Şengül İ. UNPACKING TEMPORARY PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: FAILURE OF DURABLE SOLUTIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES. İnÜHFD. 2022;13(1):16-28. doi:10.21492/inuhfd.992439
Chicago
Şengül, İrem. 2022. “UNPACKING TEMPORARY PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: FAILURE OF DURABLE SOLUTIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES”. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 13 (1): 16-28. https://doi.org/10.21492/inuhfd.992439.
EndNote
Şengül İ (01 Haziran 2022) UNPACKING TEMPORARY PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: FAILURE OF DURABLE SOLUTIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 13 1 16–28.
IEEE
[1]İ. Şengül, “UNPACKING TEMPORARY PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: FAILURE OF DURABLE SOLUTIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES”, İnÜHFD, c. 13, sy 1, ss. 16–28, Haz. 2022, doi: 10.21492/inuhfd.992439.
ISNAD
Şengül, İrem. “UNPACKING TEMPORARY PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: FAILURE OF DURABLE SOLUTIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES”. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 13/1 (01 Haziran 2022): 16-28. https://doi.org/10.21492/inuhfd.992439.
JAMA
1.Şengül İ. UNPACKING TEMPORARY PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: FAILURE OF DURABLE SOLUTIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES. İnÜHFD. 2022;13:16–28.
MLA
Şengül, İrem. “UNPACKING TEMPORARY PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: FAILURE OF DURABLE SOLUTIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES”. İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, c. 13, sy 1, Haziran 2022, ss. 16-28, doi:10.21492/inuhfd.992439.
Vancouver
1.İrem Şengül. UNPACKING TEMPORARY PROTECTION OF REFUGEES: FAILURE OF DURABLE SOLUTIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES. İnÜHFD. 01 Haziran 2022;13(1):16-28. doi:10.21492/inuhfd.992439