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Reflection of Qāḍīzādelīs-Khalwatīs Tension on the Islamic Heresiography: Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm and His Alphabetical Classification of Sects

Yıl 2018, , 249 - 290, 23.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.12730/13091719.2018.92.182

Öz

Islamic heresiography has a long history whose roots go back to the second century of Hegira. The development process, which started with individual articles (maqālah), continued with encyclopedic works. As far as we know, the alphabetical classification of firqahs is the first attempt at Islamic heresiography. This classification, which was written by Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm in the late period of the Ottomans and reached the present day as a single copy, is remarkable in terms of both the author’s environment and the subjects it contains. This article suggests that the author lived in the 18th century and belonged to the Qāḍīzādelī environment. First, the identification of the author is clarified, and then the content of the heresiographical treatise is analyzed. Finally, the Arabic version of the text with the developed text structure is presented as an appendix.

Kaynakça

  • Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Shaybānī. Musnad al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Edited by Shuʿayb al-Arnāʾūṭ, ʿĀdil Murshid, Muḥammad Naʿīm al-ʿIrqsūsī, Ibrāhīm al-Zaybaq, Muḥammad Riḍwān al-ʿIrqsūsī, and Kāmil al-Kharrāṭ. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 1999.
  • al-Āmidī, Ibrāhīm al-Qaramānī. Muntakhab al-Hayʾah al-saniyyah fī l-hayʾah al-sunniyyah. Ankara: National Library, MS A 7486, fols. 13v-64v. al-Āqḥiṣārī, Aḥmad al-Rūmī. Risālah fī l-radd ʿalá l-Maqābiriyyah. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Fatih, MS 5398, fols. 71-86.
  • Arıkan, Âdem. Hanefîliğin Bidat Karşıtı Söylemi: Dâmiğatu’l-Mübtedi‘în Örneği. Ankara: Ilahiyat Yayınları, 2016.
  • Aydıner, Mesut. “Râgıb Paşa.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), XXXIV, 403-406.
  • al-ʿAynī, Meḥmed Fiqhī. Kashf al-ghawamiḍ fī aḥkām al-Rawāfiḍ. Istanbul: Âtıf Efendi Library, MS 1179, fols. 334-363.
  • al-Bukhārī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl al-Juʿfī. al-Jāmiʿ al-ṣaḥīḥ al-musnad min ḥadīth Rasūl Allāh ṣallá llāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam. Edited by Muḥibb al-Dīn al-Khaṭīb and Muḥammad Fuʾād ʿAbd al-Bāqī. Cairo: al-Maṭbaʿah al-Salafiyyah wa-Maktabatuhā, 1980. Bursalı Mehmed Tahir. Osmanlı Müellifleri. 3 vols. Edited by A. Fikri Yavuz and İsmail Özen. Istanbul: Meral Yayınları, n.d.
  • Demir, Necati and Mehmet Dursun Erdem. “Türk Kültüründe Destan ve Battal Gazi Destanı.” Turkish Studies/Türkoloji Dergisi 1, no. 1 (2006): 97-139.
  • Eren, Muhammet Emin. Hadis, Tarih ve Yorum: 73 Fırka Hadisi Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Istanbul: KURAMER, 2017.
  • Fığlalı, Ethem Ruhi. “İbn Sadru’d-Din eş-Şirvânî ve İtikâdî Mezhepler Hakkındaki Türkçe Risâlesi.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 24 (1981): 249-276.
  • Fındıqlīlī ʿIṣmet Efendī. Takmilat al-Shaqāʾiq fī ḥaqq ahl al-ḥaqāʾiq. In Şakaik-i Numaniye ve Zeyilleri, edited by Abdulkadir Özcan, Vth vol. Istanbul: Çağrı Yayınları, 1989.
  • al-Gelībūlī, Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm. Zubdat al-amthāl li-wuqūʿihā ʿumdat al-aqwāl. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Bağdatlı Vehbi, MS 1751, fols.1v-48r.
  • Gömbeyaz, Kadir. “Bir Fırak Müellifi Olarak Fahreddin er-Râzî.” In İslam Düşüncesinin Dönüşüm Çağında Fahreddin er-Râzî, edited by Ömer Türker and Osman Demir, 347-378. Istanbul: ISAM, 2013.
  • Gömbeyaz, Kadir. “İslam Literatüründe İtikâdî Fırka Tasnifleri.” PhD diss., Bursa, Uludağ University, 2015.
  • Halaçoğlu, Yusuf. “Adana (İslamî Devir).” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), I, 349-353.
  • Ibn Mājah, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Yazīd al-Qazwīnī. Sunan al-Ḥāfiẓ Abī ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Yazīd al-Qazwīnī Ibn Mājah. 2 vols. Edited by Muḥammad Fuʾād ʿAbd al-Bāqī. Cairo: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Kutub al-ʿArabiyyah, 1952-1953.
  • Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr. Ighāthat al-lahfān min maṣāyid al-shayṭān. Edited by Muḥammad Ḥāmid al-Faqī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1971.
  • al-Ījī, Abū l Faḍl ʿAḍud al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Aḥmad. al-Mawāqif fī ʿilm al-kalām. Beirut: ʿĀlam al-Kutub, n.d.
  • Imāmzādah, Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr. Shirʿat al-Islām. Beirut: Dār al-Bashāʾir al-Islāmiyyah, 1983.
  • al-Jurjānī, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Sayyid al-Sharīf. al-Taʿrīfāt. Edited by Ibrāhīm al-Abyārī. Cairo: Dār al-Rayyān li-l-Turāth, 1403.
  • Kahraman, Abdullah. “Tarsûsî Mehmed Efendi.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), XL, 115-116.
  • al-Khādimī, Abū Saʿīd Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad. Risālah fī māhiyyat al-ṭarīqah. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Esad Efendi, MS 3543, fols. 53-55.
  • Le Gall, Dina. A Culture of Sufism: Naqhsbandis in the Ottoman World 1450-1700. Albany, NY: State University of New York, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1080/09505430500042130.
  • Muslim, Abū l-Ḥusayn Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj al-Qushayrī al-Nīsābūrī. Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim. Riyadh: Bayt al-Afkār al-Dawliyyah, 1998.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm (al-Adaqī). Sharḥ al-Awrād al-Bahāʾiyyah. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Hacı Mahmud, MS 4204, fols. 15-57; (al-Adanī). Ankara: National Library, MS A 7835, fols. 1v-64r; Ankara: National Library, MS A 8221, fols. 118v-132r; Ankara: National Library, Çankırı, MS 246, fols. 1v-20r; (al-Adanawī) Ankara: National Library, Zile, MS 113, fols. 70v-91a; (al-Adhanī) Manisa Library of Manuscripts, Akhisar Zeynelzade, MS 642, fols. 131v-152r; (al-Ādhanī) Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Reşid Efendi, MS 511, fols. 1v-56r; (al-Edirnewī) Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Hacı Mahmud, MS 4095, fols.1v-24r.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm (al-Adhanī). Sharḥ Ḥizb al-baḥr. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Laleli, MS 1564, fols. 116r-151v.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm (al-Adhanī). Sharḥ Ḥizb al-barr. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Laleli, MS 1564, fols.1v-59r.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm (al-Adhanī). Sharḥ Ḥizb al-naṣr. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Hacı Mahmud, MS 4202, fols. 3v-20r; Ankara: National Library, MS A 5133, fols. 1v-17v; (al-Adanawī) Ankara: National Library, MS A 5198, fols. 39v-48r; Ankara: National Library, Zile, MS 113, fols. 91v-98r; Ankara: National Library, Adana, MS 311, fols. 139v-151v.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm, Sharḥ Ayyuhā l-walad. Balıkesir: Ömer Ali Bey Library of Manuscripts, MS 322, fols. 57v-130r.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm. Tuḥfat al-ikhwān. Istanbul: Maṭbaʿa-i ʿĀmirah, n.d.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm. al-Madhhab al-ḥaqq wa-l-madhāhib al-bāṭilah. Balıkesir: Ömer Ali Bey Library of Manuscripts, MS 322, fols. 140r-154r.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm. Ḥāshiyah ʿalá Sharḥ Ādāb al-Birgiwī. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Laleli, MS 2943, fols. 1v-40v; Çorum: Hasan Paşa Library of Manuscripts, MS 4726, fols. 12v-41v.
  • Özel, Ahmet Murat. “Şâzelî.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), XXXVIII, 385-387.
  • Risālah fī tafṣīl al-firaq al-ḍāllah. Diyarbakır: Ziya Gökalp Library of Manuscripts, MS 553, fols. 84v-97v.
  • Sarıkaya, Yaşar. Merkez ile Taşra Arasında Bir Osmanlı Âlimi: Ebu Said el-Hâdimî. Istanbul: Kitap Yayınları, 2008.
  • al-Shirwānī, Mullāzādah Muḥammad Amīn ibn Ṣadr al-Dīn. Mukhtaṣar fī bayān al-madhāhib al-mukhtalifah. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Harput, MS 11, fols. 101-116.
  • Uludağ, Süleyman. “Hizb.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), XVIII, 182-183.
  • Yayla, Mustafa. “Hâdimî, Ebû Saîd.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), XV, 24-26.
  • Yıldız, Hakkı Dursun. “Bâbek.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), IV, 376-377.
Yıl 2018, , 249 - 290, 23.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.12730/13091719.2018.92.182

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Shaybānī. Musnad al-Imām Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal. Edited by Shuʿayb al-Arnāʾūṭ, ʿĀdil Murshid, Muḥammad Naʿīm al-ʿIrqsūsī, Ibrāhīm al-Zaybaq, Muḥammad Riḍwān al-ʿIrqsūsī, and Kāmil al-Kharrāṭ. Beirut: Muʾassasat al-Risālah, 1999.
  • al-Āmidī, Ibrāhīm al-Qaramānī. Muntakhab al-Hayʾah al-saniyyah fī l-hayʾah al-sunniyyah. Ankara: National Library, MS A 7486, fols. 13v-64v. al-Āqḥiṣārī, Aḥmad al-Rūmī. Risālah fī l-radd ʿalá l-Maqābiriyyah. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Fatih, MS 5398, fols. 71-86.
  • Arıkan, Âdem. Hanefîliğin Bidat Karşıtı Söylemi: Dâmiğatu’l-Mübtedi‘în Örneği. Ankara: Ilahiyat Yayınları, 2016.
  • Aydıner, Mesut. “Râgıb Paşa.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), XXXIV, 403-406.
  • al-ʿAynī, Meḥmed Fiqhī. Kashf al-ghawamiḍ fī aḥkām al-Rawāfiḍ. Istanbul: Âtıf Efendi Library, MS 1179, fols. 334-363.
  • al-Bukhārī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl al-Juʿfī. al-Jāmiʿ al-ṣaḥīḥ al-musnad min ḥadīth Rasūl Allāh ṣallá llāhu ʿalayhi wa-sallam. Edited by Muḥibb al-Dīn al-Khaṭīb and Muḥammad Fuʾād ʿAbd al-Bāqī. Cairo: al-Maṭbaʿah al-Salafiyyah wa-Maktabatuhā, 1980. Bursalı Mehmed Tahir. Osmanlı Müellifleri. 3 vols. Edited by A. Fikri Yavuz and İsmail Özen. Istanbul: Meral Yayınları, n.d.
  • Demir, Necati and Mehmet Dursun Erdem. “Türk Kültüründe Destan ve Battal Gazi Destanı.” Turkish Studies/Türkoloji Dergisi 1, no. 1 (2006): 97-139.
  • Eren, Muhammet Emin. Hadis, Tarih ve Yorum: 73 Fırka Hadisi Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Istanbul: KURAMER, 2017.
  • Fığlalı, Ethem Ruhi. “İbn Sadru’d-Din eş-Şirvânî ve İtikâdî Mezhepler Hakkındaki Türkçe Risâlesi.” Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 24 (1981): 249-276.
  • Fındıqlīlī ʿIṣmet Efendī. Takmilat al-Shaqāʾiq fī ḥaqq ahl al-ḥaqāʾiq. In Şakaik-i Numaniye ve Zeyilleri, edited by Abdulkadir Özcan, Vth vol. Istanbul: Çağrı Yayınları, 1989.
  • al-Gelībūlī, Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm. Zubdat al-amthāl li-wuqūʿihā ʿumdat al-aqwāl. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Bağdatlı Vehbi, MS 1751, fols.1v-48r.
  • Gömbeyaz, Kadir. “Bir Fırak Müellifi Olarak Fahreddin er-Râzî.” In İslam Düşüncesinin Dönüşüm Çağında Fahreddin er-Râzî, edited by Ömer Türker and Osman Demir, 347-378. Istanbul: ISAM, 2013.
  • Gömbeyaz, Kadir. “İslam Literatüründe İtikâdî Fırka Tasnifleri.” PhD diss., Bursa, Uludağ University, 2015.
  • Halaçoğlu, Yusuf. “Adana (İslamî Devir).” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), I, 349-353.
  • Ibn Mājah, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Yazīd al-Qazwīnī. Sunan al-Ḥāfiẓ Abī ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Yazīd al-Qazwīnī Ibn Mājah. 2 vols. Edited by Muḥammad Fuʾād ʿAbd al-Bāqī. Cairo: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Kutub al-ʿArabiyyah, 1952-1953.
  • Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr. Ighāthat al-lahfān min maṣāyid al-shayṭān. Edited by Muḥammad Ḥāmid al-Faqī. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah, 1971.
  • al-Ījī, Abū l Faḍl ʿAḍud al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Aḥmad. al-Mawāqif fī ʿilm al-kalām. Beirut: ʿĀlam al-Kutub, n.d.
  • Imāmzādah, Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr. Shirʿat al-Islām. Beirut: Dār al-Bashāʾir al-Islāmiyyah, 1983.
  • al-Jurjānī, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Sayyid al-Sharīf. al-Taʿrīfāt. Edited by Ibrāhīm al-Abyārī. Cairo: Dār al-Rayyān li-l-Turāth, 1403.
  • Kahraman, Abdullah. “Tarsûsî Mehmed Efendi.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), XL, 115-116.
  • al-Khādimī, Abū Saʿīd Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad. Risālah fī māhiyyat al-ṭarīqah. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Esad Efendi, MS 3543, fols. 53-55.
  • Le Gall, Dina. A Culture of Sufism: Naqhsbandis in the Ottoman World 1450-1700. Albany, NY: State University of New York, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1080/09505430500042130.
  • Muslim, Abū l-Ḥusayn Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj al-Qushayrī al-Nīsābūrī. Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim. Riyadh: Bayt al-Afkār al-Dawliyyah, 1998.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm (al-Adaqī). Sharḥ al-Awrād al-Bahāʾiyyah. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Hacı Mahmud, MS 4204, fols. 15-57; (al-Adanī). Ankara: National Library, MS A 7835, fols. 1v-64r; Ankara: National Library, MS A 8221, fols. 118v-132r; Ankara: National Library, Çankırı, MS 246, fols. 1v-20r; (al-Adanawī) Ankara: National Library, Zile, MS 113, fols. 70v-91a; (al-Adhanī) Manisa Library of Manuscripts, Akhisar Zeynelzade, MS 642, fols. 131v-152r; (al-Ādhanī) Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Reşid Efendi, MS 511, fols. 1v-56r; (al-Edirnewī) Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Hacı Mahmud, MS 4095, fols.1v-24r.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm (al-Adhanī). Sharḥ Ḥizb al-baḥr. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Laleli, MS 1564, fols. 116r-151v.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm (al-Adhanī). Sharḥ Ḥizb al-barr. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Laleli, MS 1564, fols.1v-59r.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm (al-Adhanī). Sharḥ Ḥizb al-naṣr. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Hacı Mahmud, MS 4202, fols. 3v-20r; Ankara: National Library, MS A 5133, fols. 1v-17v; (al-Adanawī) Ankara: National Library, MS A 5198, fols. 39v-48r; Ankara: National Library, Zile, MS 113, fols. 91v-98r; Ankara: National Library, Adana, MS 311, fols. 139v-151v.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm, Sharḥ Ayyuhā l-walad. Balıkesir: Ömer Ali Bey Library of Manuscripts, MS 322, fols. 57v-130r.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm. Tuḥfat al-ikhwān. Istanbul: Maṭbaʿa-i ʿĀmirah, n.d.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm. al-Madhhab al-ḥaqq wa-l-madhāhib al-bāṭilah. Balıkesir: Ömer Ali Bey Library of Manuscripts, MS 322, fols. 140r-154r.
  • Muṣṭafá ibn Ibrāhīm. Ḥāshiyah ʿalá Sharḥ Ādāb al-Birgiwī. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Laleli, MS 2943, fols. 1v-40v; Çorum: Hasan Paşa Library of Manuscripts, MS 4726, fols. 12v-41v.
  • Özel, Ahmet Murat. “Şâzelî.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), XXXVIII, 385-387.
  • Risālah fī tafṣīl al-firaq al-ḍāllah. Diyarbakır: Ziya Gökalp Library of Manuscripts, MS 553, fols. 84v-97v.
  • Sarıkaya, Yaşar. Merkez ile Taşra Arasında Bir Osmanlı Âlimi: Ebu Said el-Hâdimî. Istanbul: Kitap Yayınları, 2008.
  • al-Shirwānī, Mullāzādah Muḥammad Amīn ibn Ṣadr al-Dīn. Mukhtaṣar fī bayān al-madhāhib al-mukhtalifah. Istanbul: Süleymaniye Library, Harput, MS 11, fols. 101-116.
  • Uludağ, Süleyman. “Hizb.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), XVIII, 182-183.
  • Yayla, Mustafa. “Hâdimî, Ebû Saîd.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), XV, 24-26.
  • Yıldız, Hakkı Dursun. “Bâbek.” In Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA), IV, 376-377.
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Din Araştırmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Mehmet Kalaycı Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-9016-3123

Muhammet Emin Eren 0000-0002-3338-953X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Aralık 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Ekim 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018

Kaynak Göster

ISNAD Kalaycı, Mehmet - Eren, Muhammet Emin. “Reflection of Qāḍīzādelīs-Khalwatīs Tension on the Islamic Heresiography: Muṣṭafá Ibn Ibrāhīm and His Alphabetical Classification of Sects”. Ilahiyat Studies 9/2 (Aralık 2018), 249-290. https://doi.org/10.12730/13091719.2018.92.182.

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