İslam Öncesi Arabistan'da Yahudi Şairler ve Arap Edebî Kültürü: Kökenler, Temalar ve Özgünlük Sorunları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 123 - 147, 30.06.2025

Muhammed Emin Bayır

https://doi.org/10.12730/is.1626483

Öz

İslam'ın ortaya çıkmasından önce Yahudiler, Arabistan'da uzun süre varlık göstermişlerdir. Bölgeye göç edip ticarî, siyasî, dinî ve özellikle edebî faaliyetlerde bulunmuşlardır. Bu nedenle hem bölgedeki egemen kültürü etkilemişler hem de ondan etkilenmişlerdir. Dinî uygulamaları bir yana, yaşam tarzları ve dilleri egemen kültürden izole kalmamıştır. Tarihsel kaynaklara göre, bu dönemin Yahudileri şiirlerinde İslam öncesi Arap şiir tarzını benimsemişlerdir. Ayrıca Arap edebiyat geleneğinin yaygın temaları üzerine şiir yazmaktan da çekinmemişlerdir. Kaynaklarda bahsedilen Yahudi şairler ve şiirleri sınırlı olsa da bunların kayda değer kısmı günümüze ulaşmıştır. Bu şiirlerin incelenmesi, İslam öncesi Yahudi topluluğunun edebî ve kültürel uygulamaları hakkında fikir vermektedir. Aynı zamanda bu incelemeler yapılırken Yahudilere ait olduğu söylenen bazı şiirlerin orijinalliği hakkındaki tartışmalara değinilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arap edebiyatı , İslam öncesi şiiri , Arabistan , Yahudi şairler

Jewish Poets and Arabic Literary Culture in Pre-Islamic Arabia: Origins, Themes, and Questions of Authenticity

Öz

Prior to the advent of Islam, Jews had a long-standing presence in Arabia. They migrated to the region and engaged in commercial, political, religious, and especially literary activities. Hence, they both influenced the dominant culture in the region and were influenced by it. Aside from their religious practices, their lifestyle and language were not isolated from the dominant culture. According to historical sources, the Jews of this period composed poems in Arabic, adopting the style of pre-Islamic Arabic poetry. They also did not hesitate to write poems on prevalent themes of the Arabic literary tradition. Although Jewish poets and their poems mentioned in historical sources are limited, many of them have survived. The study of these poems provides insight into the literary and cultural practices of the pre-Islamic Jewish community. Additionally, this analysis addresses the debates concerning the authenticity of poems attributed to Jewish poets.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arabic literature , pre-Islamic poetry , Jews in Arabia , Jewish poets

Kaynakça

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