Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde Cihadi Selefilik: Ahmet Musa Cibril’in Düşünce Dünyası ve Küresel Cihad Söylemi

Yıl 2024, , 193 - 214, 30.11.2024

Ramazan Akkır

https://doi.org/10.34082/islamiilimler.1550453

Öz

Bu çalışma, Filistin asıllı Amerikalı Selefi vaiz Ahmet Musa Cibril’in düşünceleri ve cihada yaklaşımı çerçevesinde ABD'deki Cihadi Selefiliğin oluşumunu ele almaktadır. Selefilik, 1980'lerden itibaren hem İslam dünyasında hem Batı’da akademik tartışmaların merkezinde yer almıştır. ABD, cihadi selefiliğin tarihinde ayrıcalıklı bir konuma sahip olmuştur. Ancak ABD’de faaliyet gösteren cihadi selefi vaizlerin ideolojik oluşumları, derinlemesine incelenmemiş, detaylı bir biçimde araştırılmamıştır. Cibril’in ideolojisini ele alan detaylı bir çalışma da henüz ortaya çıkmış değildir. Bu çalışma, Cibril’in düşünsel hayatını, konuşmalarını, yazılarını ve bazı videolarını inceleyip yorumlayarak onun küresel cihad yaklaşımına ve cihad söyleminin oluşum sürecine ışık tutmayı ve bu alandaki boşluğu doldurmayı hedeflemektedir. 11 Eylül saldırıları sonrasında ABD'nin İslam dünyasındaki politikaları, Cihadi Selefi grupların meşruiyetini artırmış ve küresel cihad söylemine katkı sağlamıştır. Çalışma, Cibril’in ideolojik gelişimini ve küresel cihad yaklaşımını incelemekte, Suudi Sahve alimlerinin ve El-Kaide'ye yakın Selefi düşünürlerin Cibril üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmektedir. Wiktorowicz'in Selefiliği pürist, politicos ve cihatçı olarak üç kategoriye ayıran tasnifi doğrultusunda Cibril'in cihad anlayışı yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmanın temel varsayımı, Suudi Selefiliğindeki radikalleşmenin, İslam dünyasındaki siyasi krizlerin ve ABD’nin politikalarının, Cibril’in Cihadi Selefiliğini şekillendirdiğidir. Bu analiz, doküman ve söylem analizine dayanarak yapılmış ve bu alandaki literatür eksikliğini gidermeyi hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Din Sosyolojisi, Selefilik, Cihadi Selefilik, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Ahmet Musa Cibril

The Jihadi Salafism in the United States: Ahmad Musa Jibril’s Intellectual Identity and Global Jihad Discourse

Öz

This study examines the development of Jihadi Salafism in the United States through the intellectual history and approach to jihad of Palestinian-American Salafi preacher Ahmad Musa Jibril. Since the 1980s, Salafism has been at the center of academic debates both in the Islamic world and the West. The United States holds a significant position in the history of Jihadi Salafism. However, the ideological development of Jihadi Salafi preachers operating in the U.S. has not been thoroughly examined or researched in depth. To date, no comprehensive study has focused on Jibril’s ideology. This research aims to fill that gap by analyzing Jibril’s intellectual life, speeches, writings, and certain videos to shed light on his approach to global jihad and the development of his jihadist rhetoric. Following the 9/11 attacks, U.S. policies in the Islamic world increased the legitimacy of Jihadi Salafi groups and contributed to the global jihadist narrative. This study investigates Jibril’s ideological development and approach to global jihad, analyzing the influence of Saudi Sahwa scholars and Salafi thinkers aligned with al-Qaeda on Jibril. Using Quintan Wiktorowicz’s classification of Salafism into three categories—purists, politicos, and jihadists—Jibril’s perspective on jihad is interpreted. The main assumption of this study is that the radicalization within Saudi Salafism, political crises in the Islamic world, and U.S. policies have shaped Jibril’s Jihadi Salafism. This analysis uses document and discourse analysis to address the gap in the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sociology of Religion, Salafism, Jihadi Salafism, United States of America, Ahmad Musa Jibril

Kaynakça

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