IŞİD TERÖR ÖRGÜTÜNÜN GEÇİŞ DÖNEMİ ADALETİ ÇERÇEVESİNDE KISA TAHLİLİ

Öz

20. yüzyılın son çeyreğinde ortaya çıkan Geçiş Dönemi Adaleti kavramı ,başlangıçta demokrasiye geçmekte olan toplumların geçmişteki insan hakları ihlalleri ile yüzleşmeleri ve adalet arayışları için kullanılmaktaysa da Soğuk Savaşın sona ermesinin ardından sayıları hızla artan silahlı çatışmalar bu kapsamın genişlemesini mecbur hale getirmiştir. Çatışmaların bitmesi için sadece silahların susması yeterli değildir ve kalıcı barış Geçiş Dönemi Adaleti mekanizmalarının (mağdurlar için adaletin temini, gruplar arasında uzlaşı, hakikat komisyonları gibi) etkin şekilde işletilmesiyle doğrudan bağlantılı gözükmektedir. Çalışmada bu bağlantıyı anlamlandırabilmek için öncelikle Geçiş Dönemi Adaletinin çatışma sonrası ortamlarda işleyişi ve mekanizmaları inceleyecektir. Ardından bu unsurların devlet-dışı bir grubun dahil olduğu çatışmalardaki etkinliğini tahlil etmek için seçilen Devlet-Dışı Silahlı Aktör olan IŞİD terör örgütünün eylemleri Geçiş Dönemi Adaletinin onarıcıdan ziyade cezalandırıcı unsurları ön planda tutularak değerlendirilecektir. Çalışmanın bulguları, genelleyici olmasa da Geçiş Dönemi Adaletinin devlet-dışı bir örgütün ihlal ve suistimallerini cezalandırmak hususunda halihazırda etkin ve evrensel bir mekanizmadan yoksun olduğunu düşündürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• IŞİD
• jus post bellum
• geçiş dönemi adaleti
• insanlığa karşı suçlar
• DDSA

A SHORT ANALYSİS OF ISIS UNDER THE TRANSITONAL JUSTICE FRAMEWORK

Öz

The concept of Transitional Justice, which emerged in the last quarter of the 20th century, was initially used for the search for accoubtability and justice for past human right violations in societies transitioning to democracy but rapidly increasing number of armed conflicts after the end of the Cold War made it necessary to expand its scope. It is not enough for the guns to fall silent for the conflicts to end, and lasting peace seems to be directly linked to the effective operation of Transitional Justice mechanisms (such as providing justice for victims, reconciliation between groups, truth commissions). In order to make sense of this correlation, the study will first examine the institutions and mechanisms of Transitional Justice in post-conflict environments. Then, in order to analyze the effectiveness of these elements in conflicts involving a non-state group, a selected non-state armed actors actions, in this case ISIS, will be evaluated by prioritizing the retributive rather than restorative elements of Transitional Justice. The findings of the study, although not general, suggest that Transitional Justice still lacks an effective and universal mechanism to punish violations and abuses by a non-state organization.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• transitional justice
• jus post bellum
• crimes against humanity
• ISIS
• crime of genocide
• NSAA

Kaynakça

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