Evrensel Temel Gelire Avrupa Ülkelerinde Kamuoyu Desteği: Ordinal Lojistik Regresyon Analizi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 47 - 58, 16.10.2020

İbrahim Kuran

Öz

Evrensel temel gelir, herhangi bir şarta bağlı olmadan tüm vatandaşlara düzenli olarak verilen
geçimlik gelir olarak tanımlanabilir. Her ne kadar evrensel temel gelir fikrinin kökenleri
çok eskiye dayansa da son yıllarda oldukça popüler hale geldiğini söylemek mümkündür.
Bu makalede, evrensel temel gelire Avrupa kamuoyunun desteği ESS (2016) veri seti üzerinden
incelenecektir. Temel gelir ve benzeri sosyal politikaların sadece yukarıdan aşağıya
müdahalelerle değil, aynı zamanda aşağıdan yukarıya kamuoyu baskısı ile oluştuğu düşünülürse
bu konunun önemi daha iyi anlaşılabilir. İlk önce betimsel istatistiklerin analizi,
sonra regresyon analizi üzerinden temel gelire popüler desteğin bireysel düzeydeki belirleyicileri
analiz edilecektir. Makalede, temel gelire popüler desteğin Avrupa ülkelerinde
mevcut refah rejimi, yaş, toplumsal cinsiyet, hane halkı geliri, işsizlik, hayat ve ekonomi
memnuniyeti, ideolojik konum ve dindarlık değişkenleri üzerinden belirlendiği ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Evrensel Temel Gelir, Asgari Gelir Güvencesi, Kamuoyu Desteği, Sosyal Politika

Public Support Towards Universal Basic Income in European Countries: Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis

Öz

Universal basic income can be defined as a guaranteed income provided to all citizens without
any condition for at least bare minimum subsistence. Although the idea behind the universal
basic income is very old, it has become very popular in recent years. In this article,
the popular support of European citizens for a universal basic income propoosal will be examined
mainly through the ESS (2016) dataset. Considering the fact that basic income and
similar social policies are not constructed only by top-down interventions but also through
bottom-up public pressure, the importance of this issue can be better understood. First,
I will investitagate the descriptive statistics and then I will employ regression analysis in
order to figure out the individual-level determinants of popular support for basic income.
This article shows that the popular support for basic income in Europe is determined by the
current welfare regime, age, gender, household income, unemployment, life and economy
satisfaction, ideological position and religiosity parameters.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Universal Basic Income, Guaranteed Minimum Income, Public Support, Social Policies

Kaynakça

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• Weller, C. (2016, 18 Mayıs). “A Nobel Prize winner in economics just backed basic income,” Business Insider, https://www.businessinsider.com/basic-income-gets-nobel-prize-winners-approval-2016-5 (Erişim tarihi: 18.02.2022)
• World Bank (2019). The Changing Nature of Work- World Development Report, https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/wdr2019 (Erişim tarihi: 18.02.2022)