TÜRKİYE’DE İÇ GÖÇ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 9, 100 - 111, 31.08.2019

Yüksel Bayraktar Ayfer Özyılmaz

Öz

Sanayileşmeyle birlikte artan işgücü talebi, kırsal bölgelerden kentlere olan göçlerin artmasına yol açmakta; bu durum bir yandan kentsel üretim ve tüketim hacmini etkileyerek iktisadi büyümeyi artırırken, diğer yandan azalan kırsal üretimle iktisadi daralmaya neden olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle göçlerin, göç veren kırsal bölgeler ile göç alan kentler üzerindeki etkisi farklılık göstermekte; genel ekonomik büyümenin sağlanmasında bölgesel büyüme ivmeleri belirleyici bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çerçevede çalışmada 2008-2017 yılları arasında Düzey-2 bölgelerinde iç göçlerin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi Havuzlanmış En Küçük Kareler, Sabit Etkiler ve Rassal Etkiler Modelleri ile ortaya konmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, iç göçler iktisadi büyümeyi olumlu yönde etkilemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İç göç, işgücü göçü

Kaynakça

• Ackah, C., Medvedev, D. (2010). ‘‘Internal Migration in Ghana: Determinants and Welfare İmpacts’’, International Journal of Social Economics, 39(10), 764-784. Anh, D. N. (2005). ‘‘Enhancing the Development Impact of Migrant Remittances and Diaspora: The Case of Vietnam’’, Asia Pacific Population Journal, 20(3), 111-122. Bell, M., Charles‐Edwards, E., Ueffing, P., Stillwell, J., Kupiszewski, M., Kupiszewska, D. (2015). ‘‘Internal Migration and Development: Comparing Migration Intensities Around the World’’, Population and Development Review, 41(1), 33-58. Borozan, D. (2017). ‘‘Internal Migration, Regional Economic Convergence, and Growth in Croatia’’, International Regional Science Review, 40(2), 141-163. Cai F., Wang D., (2008). ‘‘Impacts of Internal Migration on Economic Growth and Urban Development in China, Institute of Population and Labour Economics’’, Institute of Population and Labor Economics CASS, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.591.453&rep=rep1&type=pdf Cai, F. (2001) ‘‘Zhongguo renkou: liudong fangshi yu tujing (China’s Population: Ways and Channels of Migration), Sheke Wenxian Chubanshe, Beijing, akt. Huang, P., Shaohua, Z. (2005). ‘‘Internal Migration in China: Linking it to Development’’, International Organization for Migration. Cengiz, S., Baydur, C. M. (2010). ‘‘Kırdan Kente Göç ve Tarımsal Verimlilik: Türkiye Örneği’’, Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19(2), 85-98. De Braud, A., Giles J. (2008). “Migrant Labor Markets and the Welfare of Rural Households in the Developing World: Evidence from China”, Policy Research Working Paper, No. 4585. Deshingkar, P. (2006). ‘‘Internal Migration, Poverty and Development in Asia: Including the Excluded’’, IDS Bulletin, 37(3), 88-100. Deshingkar, P. Grimm, S. (2005). ‘‘Internal Migration and Development: A global Perspective’’, International Organization for Migration, No. 19. De Wind, J., Holdaway, J. (2005), ‘‘Internal and International Migration in Economic Development’’, Fourth Coordination Meeting on International Migration, United Nations, New York. Etzo, I. (2008). ‘‘Internal Migration and Growth in Italy’’, MPRA Working Paper, No. 8642, Munich, Germany. Fei, J.C.H., Ranis G. (1961). ‘‘Theory of Economic Development’, The American Economic Review, 51(4), 533-565. Gurgand, M., Thomas V. ,Yue X. (2014). ‘‘Internal Migration and Rural Development in China: A Case Study Using the 2001 Hukou System Reform’’, https://afse2015.sciencesconf.org/61844/document Huang, P.2003 “China: Rural Problems under uneven Development in Recent Years”, In Lau Kin Chi and Huang Ping (Eds), China Reflected, 2003, Arena Press, Hong Kong akt. Huang, P., Shaohua, Z. (2005). ‘‘Internal migration in China: Linking it to Development’’, International Organization for Migration. Huang, P., Shaohua, Z. (2005). ‘‘Internal migration in China: Linking it to Development’’, International Organization for Migration, https://dr.ntu.edu.sg/bitstream/handle/10220/44148/Internal%20migration%20in%20China_Linking%20it%20to%20development.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Lewis, W. A. (1954). ‘‘Economic Development with Unlimited Supplies of Labour’, The Manchester School of Economie and Social Studies, 22(2), 139-92. Mendola, M. (2012). ‘‘Rural Out-Migration and Economic Development at Origin: A Review of the Evidence," Journal of International Development, 24(1), 102-122. Noi, H. (2010). ‘‘Internal Migration Opportunities and Challenges for Socio-economic Development in Vietnam’’, United Nation Development Program, Vietnam. Oberai, A.S., Singh, H.K.M. (1981). ‘‘Migration, Unemployment and the Urban Labour Market: a Case Study of Ludhiana in the Indian Punjab’’ Populatıon and Labour Policies Programme Working Paper, No. 113. Phan, D., Coxhead, I. (2010). ‘‘Inter-Provincial Migration and Inequalities During Vietnam’s Transition’’, Journal of Development Economics, 91(1), 100-112. Richard A., Cuecuecha, A. (2010). ‘‘Remittances, Household Expenditure and Investment in Guatemala’’ World Development, 38(11), 1626-1641. UNDP (2009) ‘‘Human Development Report 2009- Overcoming Barriers: Human Mobility and Development’’, United Nations Development Programme, New York. Vakulenko, E. (2014). ‘‘Does Migration Lead to Regional Convergence in Russia?’’, Higher School of Economics Research Paper, No. 53, Yakar, M., Yazıcı, H. (2009). ‘‘Emirdağ İlçesinde Göçlerin Tarım Alanlarına Etkileri’’, Coğrafi Bilimler Dergisi, 7(2), 163-176. Yang, D., Park, A., Wang, S. (2005). ‘‘Migration and Rural Poverty in China’’, Journal of Comparative Economics, 33(4), 688-709. Zhang, X.(2015). The Effects of Internal Migration on Regional Inequality in China: Evidence From Panel Data Analysis, Unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Pittsburgh.