EXPLORING THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL REWARDS ON TALENTED AND OTHER EMPLOYEES' JOB SATISFACTION AND TURNOVER INTENTION: THE MODERATION EFFECT OF EMPLOYEE VOICE

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 37, 119 - 138, 01.06.2020

Gaye Karaçay , Aylin Özel

Öz

This study investiagtes the effects of development and benefit oriented organizational rewards on job satisfaction and turnover intention of talented employees in comparison with other employees. Moreover, the mediation effect of employee voice was evaluated. The data collected from 200 employees working in medium/large scale companies within Turkish automotive industry were analyzed through regression analysis. According to the results; development-oriented practices were found to be effective on turnover intention of talented-employees; while benefit-oriented applications were effective on turnover intentions of other employees. Although both rewards were found to be affective on job satisfaction, the relative effect of development-oriented ones on talented, and benefit-oriented ones on other employees were identified. Employee voice had a mediation effect both for benefit and development oriented rewards and job satisfaction; but, this effect led to different mechanisms for talented and other employees.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Talented Employees, Organizational Rewards, Job Satisfaction, Turnover Intention, Employee Voice

ÖRGÜTSEL ÖDÜL MEKANİZMALARININ ÇALIŞANLARIN İŞ TATMİNLERİ VE İŞTEN AYRILMA TUTUMLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ İLE ÇALIŞAN SESLİLİĞİNİN ARACI ROLÜNÜN YETENEKLİ VE DİĞER ÇALIŞANLAR AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Çalışmanın amaçları; şirket performansı açısından kritik önemi haiz "yetenekli" çalışanların iş tatmini ve işten ayrılma tutumları üzerinde gelişim ve fayda odaklı örgütsel ödül mekanizmalarının etkilerini diğer çalışanlar ile karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemek ve bu ilişkiler kapsamında çalışan sesliliğinin aracılık etkisini araştırmaktır. Türkiye otomotiv sektöründe faaliyet gösteren orta/büyük ölçekli firmalardaki 200 çalışandan anket ile toplanan veriler regresyon analizi ile test edilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre; yetenekli çalışanların işten ayrılma tutumlarında gelişim amaçlı uygulamaların; diğer çalışanların işten ayrılma tutumları üzerinde ise fayda amaçlı uygulamaların etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. İş tatmini açısından hem gelişim hem de fayda amaçlı uygulamaların tüm çalışanlar üzerinde etkili olduğu, ancak yetenekli çalışanlar için gelişim amaçlı uygulamaların, diğer çalışanlar için ise fayda amaçlı uygulamaların nispî etkileri olduğu bulunmuştur. Çalışan sesliliğinin, fayda ve gelişim amaçlı uygulamalar ile iş tatmini arasında anlamlı aracılık etkisi saptanmış olup, bu etkinin yetenekli ve diğer çalışanlarda farklı mekanizmalara yol açtığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yetenekli Çalışan, Örgütsel Ödüller, İş Tatmini, İşten Ayrılma Tutumu, Çalışan Sesliliği

Kaynakça

• Altinoz, M., Cakiroglu, D., & Cop, S. (2012), "The Effect Of Job Satisfaction Of The Talented Employees On Organizational Commitment: A Field Research", Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58, 322–330.
• Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. (1986), "The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction In Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, And Statistical Considerations", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182.
• Beechler, S., & Woodward, I. C. (2009), "The Global War For Talent”, Journal of International Management, 15(3), 273–285.
• Bratton J., & Gold J. (1994), Rewards Management, London: Palgrave.
• Baruch, Y. (2001), "Employability – Substitute To Loyalty?", Human Resource Development International, 4, 543-566.
• Baruch, Y. (2003), "Transforming Careers: From Linear To Multidirectional Career Paths: Organizational And Individual Perspectives", Career Development International, 9, 58-73.
• Bryman, A., & Cramer, D. (2005), Quantitative Data Analysis With SPSS 12, Taylor and Francis Group.
• Collings, D. G. (2014), "Toward Mature Talent Management: Beyond Shareholder Value", Human Resource Development Quarterly, 25(3), 301–319.
• Collings, D. G., & Mellahi, K. (2009), "Strategic Talent Management: A Review And Research Agenda", Human Resource Management Review, 19(4), 304– 313.
• Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R. M. (1999), "A Meta-Analytic Review Of Experiments Examining The Effects Of Extrinsic Rewards on Intrinsic Motivation", Psychological Bulletin, 125, 627-668.
• DeCharms, R. C. (1968), Personal Causation: The Internal Affective Determinants of Behavior. New York: Academic Press.
• Deloitte (2013), Talent 2020: Surveying The Talent Paradox From The Employee Perspective: The View From The Automotive Sector, April, 2013, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited.
• Duttagupta, R. (2005), Identifying and Managing Your Assets: Talent Management, PricewaterhouseCoopers, London.
• Erdil, O., Alpkan, L., & Biber, L. (2004), İnsan Kaynakları Uygulamaları ile Örgütsel Performans Arassındaki İlişkileri Araştırmaya Yönelik Bir İnceleme, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 19(2), 101-122.
• Fındıkçı, İ. (2003), İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi. İstanbul: Alfa Yayınları
• George, C. (2015), "Retaining Professional Workers: What Makes Them Stay?", Employee Relations, 37(1), 102–121.
• Guichard, J., Pouyaud, J., De Calan, C., & Dumora, B. (2012), "Identity Construction And Career Development Interventions With Emerging Adults", Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81, 52-58.
• Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010), Multivariate Data Analysis, Pearson Prentice Hall.
• Iles, P., Chuai, X., & Preece, D. (2010), "Talent Management And HRM İn Multinational Companies In Beijing : Definitions, Differences And Drivers", Journal of World Business, 45, 179–189.
• Judge, T. A., Locke, E. A., Durham, C. C., & Kluger, A. N. (1998), "Dispositional Effects On Job And Life Satisfaction: The Role Of Core Evaluations", The Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(1), 17–34.
• Kanten, P., & Ulker, F. E. (2012), "A Relational Approach Among Perceived Organizational Support, Proactive Personality And Voice Behaviour", Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 62, 1016–1022.
• Kim, M. R., Knutson, B. J., & Choi, L. (2016), "The Effects Of Employee Voice And Delight On Job Satisfaction and Behaviors: Comparison Between Employee Generations", Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 25(5), 563–588.
• LePine, J. A., & Van Dyne, L. (1998), "Predicting Voice Behavior In Work Groups", Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(6), 853–868.
• Lewis, R. E., & Heckman, R. J. (2006), "Talent Management: A Critical Review", Human Resource Management Review, 16(2), 139–154.
• Lloyd, K. J., Boer, D., Keller, J. W., & Voelpel, S. (2015), " Is My Boss Really Listening To Me? The Impact Of Perceived Supervisor Listening On Emotional Exhaustion, Turnover Intention, And Organizational Citizenship Behavior", Journal of Business Ethics, 130(3), 509–524.
• Lundy, O., & Cowling, A. (1996), Strategic Human Resource Management, London: Routledge.
• McCauley, C., & Wakefield, M. (2006), "Talent Management In The 21st Century: Help Your Company Find, Develop, And Keep İts Strongest Workers", Journal for Quality and Participation, 29(4), 4–7.
• Meister, J. (2012), Job Hopping İs The New Normal For Millennials: Three Ways To Prevent A Human Resource Nightmare, Forbes, November, 2012.
• Meyers, M. C., & Van Woerkom, M. (2014), "The Influence of Underlying Philosophies On Talent Management: Theory, Implications For Practice and Research Agenda", Journal of World Business, 49(2), 192–203.
• Öğüt, A., Akgemci, T., & Demirsel, M. T. (2004), "Stratejik İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Bağlamında Örgütlerde İşgören Motivasyonu Süreci", Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12, 277-290.
• Özel, A., & Karaçay, G. (2019), Identifying Talent Attributes For Talent Management In Automotive Industry In Turkey, Calisir F., Cevikcan E., Camgoz Akdag H. (edt.) Industrial Engineering in the Big Data Era (287-296), Springer.
• Robbins, S., & Judge, T. (2012), Essentials of Organizational Behavior, New York: Prentice Hall.
• Sabuncuoğlu, Z. (2016), İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi, Bursa: Alfa Aktüel Yayınları.
• Sabuncu, K. U., & Karacay, G. (2016), "Exploring Professional Competencies For Talent Management In Hospitality And Food Sector In Turkey", Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 235, 443–452.
• Schuster, J.R., & Zingheim P.K. (1992), The New Pay: Linking Employee And Organizational Performance, New York: Lexington Books.
• Sadullah, Ö., Uyargil, C., & Acar, A. C. (2015), İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi, İ.Ü. İşletme Fakültesi, Beta, İstanbul.
• Spencer, D. G. (1986), "Employee Voice And Employee Retention", Academy of Management Journal, 29(3), 488–502.
• Sobel, M. E. (1982), "Asymptotic Confidence Intervals For Indirect Effects in Structural Equation Models", Sociological methodology, 13, 290–312.
• Wayne, S., Shore, L., & Liden, R. (1997), "Perceived Organizational Support and Leader-Member Exchange: A Social Exchange Perspective", Academy of Management Journal, 40(1), 82–111.
• Zheng, C. (2009), "Keeping Talents For Advancing Service Firms İn Asia", Journal of Service Management, 20(5), 482–502.