Araştırma Makalesi
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Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 5, 2150 - 2170, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1766485

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Altunç, Ö. F., Uçan, O. and Akyıldız, A. (2017). Dış göçlerin Türkiye ekonomisinde işsizlik enflasyon ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkileri: Ekonometrik bir analiz (1985-2015). Researcher: Social Science Studies, 5(8): 197-212.
  • Bonin, H. (2005). Wage and employment effects of immigration to Germany: evidence from a skill group approach. IZA Discussion Paper Series No. 1875. https://docs.iza.org/dp1875.pdf
  • Borjas, G. J. (1989). Economic theory and international migration. The International Migration Review 23(3): 457–485. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2546424
  • Card, D. (1990). The impact of the mariel boatlift on the Miami labor market. Industrial and Labor Relations Review 43(2): 245-257. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2523702?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
  • Castles, S., Booth, H. and Wallace, T. (1984). Here for good: Western Europe's new ethnic minorities. London: Pluto Press.
  • Castles, S. and Miller, M. J. (2009). The age of migration: International population movements in the modern world. (4th edition). Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan (4. ed.).
  • Chamunorwa, W. and Mlambo, C. (2014). The unemployment impact of immigration in South Africa. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 5(20): 2631-2640. 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p2631
  • Dustmann, C., Fabbri, F. and Preston, I. (2005). The Impact of immigration on the British labour market. The Economic Journal 115(507): F324-F341. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2005.01038.x
  • Engin, C. and Konuk, T. (2020). Türkiye ekonomisinde uluslararası göçün işsizlik ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisi: Ekonometrik bir analiz. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 10(1): 103-123.
  • Erdem, U. (2022). Türkiye’de uluslararası iş gücü göçlerinin genel ve bölgesel düzeyde ekonomik etkileri. Yayımlanmamış doktora Tezi). Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Fromentin, V. (2013). The relationship between immigration and unemployment: The case of France. Economic Analysis and Policy, 43(1): 51-66. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0313592613500038?via%3Dihub
  • Gomez, M. G. and Giráldez, S. O. (2011). The causality between economic growth and immigration in Germany and Switzerland. The Economic and Social Review 42(3): 271-287. https://www.esr.ie/ESR_papers/vol42_3/02_Gonzalez%20article.pdf
  • Goldner, S. C. and Paserman, M. D. (2004). The dynamic impact of migration on natives labor market outcomes: Evidence from Israel. European Economic Review, 55(8): 1027-1045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2011.05.002
  • Gross, D. M. (1999). Three million foreigners, three million unemployed? Immigration and the French labor market. Working Paper 1999/124, International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2016/12/30/Three-Million-Foreigners-Three-Million-Unemployed-Immigration-and-the-French-Labor-Market-3268
  • Grossman, J. B. (1982). The substitutability of natives and immigrants in production. The Review of Economics and Statistics 64(4): 596-603. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1923944
  • Gürsel, S., Levent, H., Taştı, E., Yörükoğlu, A., Erçevik, A. S. and Tercan, P. (2002). Türkiye’de iş gücü piyasası ve işsizlik. TÜSİAD (Turkish Industry & Business Association) TÜSİAD-T/2002-12-354, İstanbul: Lebib Yalkın Yayımları ve Basım İşleri A.Ş.
  • Hanson, G. and McIntosh, C. (2016). Is the Mediterranean the New Rio Grande? US and EU immigration pressures in the long run. Journal of Economic Perspectives 30(4): 57-82. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.30.4.57
  • IOM (International Organization for Migration). (2003). Defining migration priorities in an interdependent world. Migration Policy Issues. No.1, March 2003. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mpi_series_no_1_en.pdf
  • IOM. (2008). Migration, development and environment. IOM migration research series no: 35. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mrs_35_1.pdf
  • İçduygu, A. and Sirkeci, İ. (1999). Cumhuriyet dönemi Türkiye’sinde göç hareketleri. In 75. Yılda Köylerden Şehirlere, Edited by Oya Baydar. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yayınları. İçduygu, A. (2003). Irregular migration in Turkey. Geneva: IOM.
  • İçduygu, A., Erder, S. and Gençkaya, Ö. F. (2014). Türkiye’nin uluslararası göç politikaları, 1923-2023: Ulus-devlet oluşumundan ulus-ötesi dönüşümlere. MiReKoc Araştırma Raporları 1/2014, TÜBİTAK 1001_106K291, Eylül 2009, Koç Üniversitesi Göç Araştırmalar Merkezi.
  • Kapur, D. (2014). Political effects of international migration. The Annual Review of Political Science 17: 479–502. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-polisci-043010-095807
  • Kirişçi, K. (1996). Refugees of Turkish origin: “Coerced Immigrants” to Turkey since 1945. International Migration 34(3): 385-412. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.1996.tb00534.x
  • Kirişçi, K. (2002). Justice and home affairs issues in Turkish-EU relations: Assessing Turkish asylum and immigration policy and practice. Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation 1-29. https://www.tesev.org.tr/wpcontent/uploads/report_Justice_And_Home_Affairs_Issues_In_Turkish_EU_Relations.pdf
  • Kirişçi, K. (2007). Turkey: A country of transition from emigration to immigration. Mediterranean Politics 12(1): 91-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/13629390601136871
  • Kónya, L. (2000). Bivariate causality between immigration and long-term unemployment in Australia, 1981-1998. Victoria University of Technology Working Paper, No 18/00. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=290043
  • Ljungholm, D. P. (2014). Preventing illegal migration in Romania. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 149: 741-745. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042814050150
  • Lordoğlu, K. (2007). Türkiye’deki çalışma hayatının bir parçası olarak yabancı çalışanlar. The Journal of Labor and Society 2007/3: 11-31. https://www.calismatoplum.org/makale/turkiyedeki-calisma-hayatinin-bir-parcasi-olarak-yabanci-calisanlar
  • Marr, W. L. and Siklos, P. L. (1994). The link between immigration and unemployment in Canada. Journal of Policy Modeling 16: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0161-8938(94)90001-9
  • Mcauliffe, M. and Triandafyllidou, A. (2021). Report overview: Technological, geopolitical and environmental transformations shaping our migration and mobility futures. M. Mcauliffe and A. Triandafyllidou (eds.), In World migration report 2022 (p. 1-19). Geneva: IOM
  • Morley, B. (2006). Causality between economic growth and immigration: An ARDL bounds testing approach. Economic Letters 90(1): 72-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2005.07.008
  • Nurdoğan, A. K. and Şahin, M. (2019). Türkiye’ye yönelen uluslararası göç işsizliğin bir nedeni mi?. OPUS-Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi 11(18): 2201-2223. 10.26466/opus.569989
  • Öberg, S. (1995). Theories on international migration an overview. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Working Paper. WP-95-047. https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/4545/
  • Ramirez, A. M. and Kumpikaite, V. (2014). Economics reason of migration from point of view of students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 109: 522–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.500
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Labour And Social Security. (2024). Work Permit Statistics 2024. https://www.csgb.gov.tr/%C4%B1statistikler/calismahayati%C4%B1statistikleri/resmi-%C4%B1statistik-programi/yabancilarin-calisma-izinleri/
  • Shan, J. (1999). Immigration and unemployment: New evidence from Australia and New Zealand. International Review of Applied Economics 13(2): 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/026921799101698 Sirkeci, İ. and Cohen, J. H. (2015). Mobility, migration and insecurity. Journal of Urban Studies 6(15): 8-21.
  • Tarasyev, A. A. and Jabbar, J. B. (2018). Dynamic modelling Labor migration impact on the economic system development. IFAC PapersOnLine 51-32: 407-412. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240589631833115X
  • Toksöz, G., Erdoğdu, S. and Kaşka, S. (2012). Türkiye’de düzensiz emek göçü ve göçmenlerin işgücü piyasalarındaki durumları. IOM.
  • UN DESA (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division). (2020). International migration 2020 highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/452).
  • United Nations. (2020). World population policies 2019. (ST/ESA/SER.A/442). https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3908021?v=pdf
  • Withers, G. and Pope, D. (1985). Immigration and unemployment. The Economic Record 61: 554-564. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1985.tb02010.x

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 5, 2150 - 2170, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1766485

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Altunç, Ö. F., Uçan, O. and Akyıldız, A. (2017). Dış göçlerin Türkiye ekonomisinde işsizlik enflasyon ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkileri: Ekonometrik bir analiz (1985-2015). Researcher: Social Science Studies, 5(8): 197-212.
  • Bonin, H. (2005). Wage and employment effects of immigration to Germany: evidence from a skill group approach. IZA Discussion Paper Series No. 1875. https://docs.iza.org/dp1875.pdf
  • Borjas, G. J. (1989). Economic theory and international migration. The International Migration Review 23(3): 457–485. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2546424
  • Card, D. (1990). The impact of the mariel boatlift on the Miami labor market. Industrial and Labor Relations Review 43(2): 245-257. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2523702?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
  • Castles, S., Booth, H. and Wallace, T. (1984). Here for good: Western Europe's new ethnic minorities. London: Pluto Press.
  • Castles, S. and Miller, M. J. (2009). The age of migration: International population movements in the modern world. (4th edition). Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan (4. ed.).
  • Chamunorwa, W. and Mlambo, C. (2014). The unemployment impact of immigration in South Africa. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 5(20): 2631-2640. 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p2631
  • Dustmann, C., Fabbri, F. and Preston, I. (2005). The Impact of immigration on the British labour market. The Economic Journal 115(507): F324-F341. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2005.01038.x
  • Engin, C. and Konuk, T. (2020). Türkiye ekonomisinde uluslararası göçün işsizlik ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisi: Ekonometrik bir analiz. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 10(1): 103-123.
  • Erdem, U. (2022). Türkiye’de uluslararası iş gücü göçlerinin genel ve bölgesel düzeyde ekonomik etkileri. Yayımlanmamış doktora Tezi). Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Fromentin, V. (2013). The relationship between immigration and unemployment: The case of France. Economic Analysis and Policy, 43(1): 51-66. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0313592613500038?via%3Dihub
  • Gomez, M. G. and Giráldez, S. O. (2011). The causality between economic growth and immigration in Germany and Switzerland. The Economic and Social Review 42(3): 271-287. https://www.esr.ie/ESR_papers/vol42_3/02_Gonzalez%20article.pdf
  • Goldner, S. C. and Paserman, M. D. (2004). The dynamic impact of migration on natives labor market outcomes: Evidence from Israel. European Economic Review, 55(8): 1027-1045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2011.05.002
  • Gross, D. M. (1999). Three million foreigners, three million unemployed? Immigration and the French labor market. Working Paper 1999/124, International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2016/12/30/Three-Million-Foreigners-Three-Million-Unemployed-Immigration-and-the-French-Labor-Market-3268
  • Grossman, J. B. (1982). The substitutability of natives and immigrants in production. The Review of Economics and Statistics 64(4): 596-603. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1923944
  • Gürsel, S., Levent, H., Taştı, E., Yörükoğlu, A., Erçevik, A. S. and Tercan, P. (2002). Türkiye’de iş gücü piyasası ve işsizlik. TÜSİAD (Turkish Industry & Business Association) TÜSİAD-T/2002-12-354, İstanbul: Lebib Yalkın Yayımları ve Basım İşleri A.Ş.
  • Hanson, G. and McIntosh, C. (2016). Is the Mediterranean the New Rio Grande? US and EU immigration pressures in the long run. Journal of Economic Perspectives 30(4): 57-82. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.30.4.57
  • IOM (International Organization for Migration). (2003). Defining migration priorities in an interdependent world. Migration Policy Issues. No.1, March 2003. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mpi_series_no_1_en.pdf
  • IOM. (2008). Migration, development and environment. IOM migration research series no: 35. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mrs_35_1.pdf
  • İçduygu, A. and Sirkeci, İ. (1999). Cumhuriyet dönemi Türkiye’sinde göç hareketleri. In 75. Yılda Köylerden Şehirlere, Edited by Oya Baydar. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yayınları. İçduygu, A. (2003). Irregular migration in Turkey. Geneva: IOM.
  • İçduygu, A., Erder, S. and Gençkaya, Ö. F. (2014). Türkiye’nin uluslararası göç politikaları, 1923-2023: Ulus-devlet oluşumundan ulus-ötesi dönüşümlere. MiReKoc Araştırma Raporları 1/2014, TÜBİTAK 1001_106K291, Eylül 2009, Koç Üniversitesi Göç Araştırmalar Merkezi.
  • Kapur, D. (2014). Political effects of international migration. The Annual Review of Political Science 17: 479–502. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-polisci-043010-095807
  • Kirişçi, K. (1996). Refugees of Turkish origin: “Coerced Immigrants” to Turkey since 1945. International Migration 34(3): 385-412. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.1996.tb00534.x
  • Kirişçi, K. (2002). Justice and home affairs issues in Turkish-EU relations: Assessing Turkish asylum and immigration policy and practice. Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation 1-29. https://www.tesev.org.tr/wpcontent/uploads/report_Justice_And_Home_Affairs_Issues_In_Turkish_EU_Relations.pdf
  • Kirişçi, K. (2007). Turkey: A country of transition from emigration to immigration. Mediterranean Politics 12(1): 91-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/13629390601136871
  • Kónya, L. (2000). Bivariate causality between immigration and long-term unemployment in Australia, 1981-1998. Victoria University of Technology Working Paper, No 18/00. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=290043
  • Ljungholm, D. P. (2014). Preventing illegal migration in Romania. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 149: 741-745. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042814050150
  • Lordoğlu, K. (2007). Türkiye’deki çalışma hayatının bir parçası olarak yabancı çalışanlar. The Journal of Labor and Society 2007/3: 11-31. https://www.calismatoplum.org/makale/turkiyedeki-calisma-hayatinin-bir-parcasi-olarak-yabanci-calisanlar
  • Marr, W. L. and Siklos, P. L. (1994). The link between immigration and unemployment in Canada. Journal of Policy Modeling 16: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0161-8938(94)90001-9
  • Mcauliffe, M. and Triandafyllidou, A. (2021). Report overview: Technological, geopolitical and environmental transformations shaping our migration and mobility futures. M. Mcauliffe and A. Triandafyllidou (eds.), In World migration report 2022 (p. 1-19). Geneva: IOM
  • Morley, B. (2006). Causality between economic growth and immigration: An ARDL bounds testing approach. Economic Letters 90(1): 72-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2005.07.008
  • Nurdoğan, A. K. and Şahin, M. (2019). Türkiye’ye yönelen uluslararası göç işsizliğin bir nedeni mi?. OPUS-Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi 11(18): 2201-2223. 10.26466/opus.569989
  • Öberg, S. (1995). Theories on international migration an overview. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Working Paper. WP-95-047. https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/4545/
  • Ramirez, A. M. and Kumpikaite, V. (2014). Economics reason of migration from point of view of students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 109: 522–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.500
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Labour And Social Security. (2024). Work Permit Statistics 2024. https://www.csgb.gov.tr/%C4%B1statistikler/calismahayati%C4%B1statistikleri/resmi-%C4%B1statistik-programi/yabancilarin-calisma-izinleri/
  • Shan, J. (1999). Immigration and unemployment: New evidence from Australia and New Zealand. International Review of Applied Economics 13(2): 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/026921799101698 Sirkeci, İ. and Cohen, J. H. (2015). Mobility, migration and insecurity. Journal of Urban Studies 6(15): 8-21.
  • Tarasyev, A. A. and Jabbar, J. B. (2018). Dynamic modelling Labor migration impact on the economic system development. IFAC PapersOnLine 51-32: 407-412. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240589631833115X
  • Toksöz, G., Erdoğdu, S. and Kaşka, S. (2012). Türkiye’de düzensiz emek göçü ve göçmenlerin işgücü piyasalarındaki durumları. IOM.
  • UN DESA (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division). (2020). International migration 2020 highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/452).
  • United Nations. (2020). World population policies 2019. (ST/ESA/SER.A/442). https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3908021?v=pdf
  • Withers, G. and Pope, D. (1985). Immigration and unemployment. The Economic Record 61: 554-564. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1985.tb02010.x

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 5, 2150 - 2170, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1766485

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Altunç, Ö. F., Uçan, O. and Akyıldız, A. (2017). Dış göçlerin Türkiye ekonomisinde işsizlik enflasyon ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkileri: Ekonometrik bir analiz (1985-2015). Researcher: Social Science Studies, 5(8): 197-212.
  • Bonin, H. (2005). Wage and employment effects of immigration to Germany: evidence from a skill group approach. IZA Discussion Paper Series No. 1875. https://docs.iza.org/dp1875.pdf
  • Borjas, G. J. (1989). Economic theory and international migration. The International Migration Review 23(3): 457–485. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2546424
  • Card, D. (1990). The impact of the mariel boatlift on the Miami labor market. Industrial and Labor Relations Review 43(2): 245-257. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2523702?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
  • Castles, S., Booth, H. and Wallace, T. (1984). Here for good: Western Europe's new ethnic minorities. London: Pluto Press.
  • Castles, S. and Miller, M. J. (2009). The age of migration: International population movements in the modern world. (4th edition). Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan (4. ed.).
  • Chamunorwa, W. and Mlambo, C. (2014). The unemployment impact of immigration in South Africa. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 5(20): 2631-2640. 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p2631
  • Dustmann, C., Fabbri, F. and Preston, I. (2005). The Impact of immigration on the British labour market. The Economic Journal 115(507): F324-F341. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2005.01038.x
  • Engin, C. and Konuk, T. (2020). Türkiye ekonomisinde uluslararası göçün işsizlik ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisi: Ekonometrik bir analiz. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 10(1): 103-123.
  • Erdem, U. (2022). Türkiye’de uluslararası iş gücü göçlerinin genel ve bölgesel düzeyde ekonomik etkileri. Yayımlanmamış doktora Tezi). Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Fromentin, V. (2013). The relationship between immigration and unemployment: The case of France. Economic Analysis and Policy, 43(1): 51-66. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0313592613500038?via%3Dihub
  • Gomez, M. G. and Giráldez, S. O. (2011). The causality between economic growth and immigration in Germany and Switzerland. The Economic and Social Review 42(3): 271-287. https://www.esr.ie/ESR_papers/vol42_3/02_Gonzalez%20article.pdf
  • Goldner, S. C. and Paserman, M. D. (2004). The dynamic impact of migration on natives labor market outcomes: Evidence from Israel. European Economic Review, 55(8): 1027-1045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2011.05.002
  • Gross, D. M. (1999). Three million foreigners, three million unemployed? Immigration and the French labor market. Working Paper 1999/124, International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2016/12/30/Three-Million-Foreigners-Three-Million-Unemployed-Immigration-and-the-French-Labor-Market-3268
  • Grossman, J. B. (1982). The substitutability of natives and immigrants in production. The Review of Economics and Statistics 64(4): 596-603. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1923944
  • Gürsel, S., Levent, H., Taştı, E., Yörükoğlu, A., Erçevik, A. S. and Tercan, P. (2002). Türkiye’de iş gücü piyasası ve işsizlik. TÜSİAD (Turkish Industry & Business Association) TÜSİAD-T/2002-12-354, İstanbul: Lebib Yalkın Yayımları ve Basım İşleri A.Ş.
  • Hanson, G. and McIntosh, C. (2016). Is the Mediterranean the New Rio Grande? US and EU immigration pressures in the long run. Journal of Economic Perspectives 30(4): 57-82. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.30.4.57
  • IOM (International Organization for Migration). (2003). Defining migration priorities in an interdependent world. Migration Policy Issues. No.1, March 2003. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mpi_series_no_1_en.pdf
  • IOM. (2008). Migration, development and environment. IOM migration research series no: 35. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mrs_35_1.pdf
  • İçduygu, A. and Sirkeci, İ. (1999). Cumhuriyet dönemi Türkiye’sinde göç hareketleri. In 75. Yılda Köylerden Şehirlere, Edited by Oya Baydar. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yayınları. İçduygu, A. (2003). Irregular migration in Turkey. Geneva: IOM.
  • İçduygu, A., Erder, S. and Gençkaya, Ö. F. (2014). Türkiye’nin uluslararası göç politikaları, 1923-2023: Ulus-devlet oluşumundan ulus-ötesi dönüşümlere. MiReKoc Araştırma Raporları 1/2014, TÜBİTAK 1001_106K291, Eylül 2009, Koç Üniversitesi Göç Araştırmalar Merkezi.
  • Kapur, D. (2014). Political effects of international migration. The Annual Review of Political Science 17: 479–502. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-polisci-043010-095807
  • Kirişçi, K. (1996). Refugees of Turkish origin: “Coerced Immigrants” to Turkey since 1945. International Migration 34(3): 385-412. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.1996.tb00534.x
  • Kirişçi, K. (2002). Justice and home affairs issues in Turkish-EU relations: Assessing Turkish asylum and immigration policy and practice. Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation 1-29. https://www.tesev.org.tr/wpcontent/uploads/report_Justice_And_Home_Affairs_Issues_In_Turkish_EU_Relations.pdf
  • Kirişçi, K. (2007). Turkey: A country of transition from emigration to immigration. Mediterranean Politics 12(1): 91-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/13629390601136871
  • Kónya, L. (2000). Bivariate causality between immigration and long-term unemployment in Australia, 1981-1998. Victoria University of Technology Working Paper, No 18/00. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=290043
  • Ljungholm, D. P. (2014). Preventing illegal migration in Romania. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 149: 741-745. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042814050150
  • Lordoğlu, K. (2007). Türkiye’deki çalışma hayatının bir parçası olarak yabancı çalışanlar. The Journal of Labor and Society 2007/3: 11-31. https://www.calismatoplum.org/makale/turkiyedeki-calisma-hayatinin-bir-parcasi-olarak-yabanci-calisanlar
  • Marr, W. L. and Siklos, P. L. (1994). The link between immigration and unemployment in Canada. Journal of Policy Modeling 16: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0161-8938(94)90001-9
  • Mcauliffe, M. and Triandafyllidou, A. (2021). Report overview: Technological, geopolitical and environmental transformations shaping our migration and mobility futures. M. Mcauliffe and A. Triandafyllidou (eds.), In World migration report 2022 (p. 1-19). Geneva: IOM
  • Morley, B. (2006). Causality between economic growth and immigration: An ARDL bounds testing approach. Economic Letters 90(1): 72-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2005.07.008
  • Nurdoğan, A. K. and Şahin, M. (2019). Türkiye’ye yönelen uluslararası göç işsizliğin bir nedeni mi?. OPUS-Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi 11(18): 2201-2223. 10.26466/opus.569989
  • Öberg, S. (1995). Theories on international migration an overview. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Working Paper. WP-95-047. https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/4545/
  • Ramirez, A. M. and Kumpikaite, V. (2014). Economics reason of migration from point of view of students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 109: 522–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.500
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Labour And Social Security. (2024). Work Permit Statistics 2024. https://www.csgb.gov.tr/%C4%B1statistikler/calismahayati%C4%B1statistikleri/resmi-%C4%B1statistik-programi/yabancilarin-calisma-izinleri/
  • Shan, J. (1999). Immigration and unemployment: New evidence from Australia and New Zealand. International Review of Applied Economics 13(2): 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/026921799101698 Sirkeci, İ. and Cohen, J. H. (2015). Mobility, migration and insecurity. Journal of Urban Studies 6(15): 8-21.
  • Tarasyev, A. A. and Jabbar, J. B. (2018). Dynamic modelling Labor migration impact on the economic system development. IFAC PapersOnLine 51-32: 407-412. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240589631833115X
  • Toksöz, G., Erdoğdu, S. and Kaşka, S. (2012). Türkiye’de düzensiz emek göçü ve göçmenlerin işgücü piyasalarındaki durumları. IOM.
  • UN DESA (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division). (2020). International migration 2020 highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/452).
  • United Nations. (2020). World population policies 2019. (ST/ESA/SER.A/442). https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3908021?v=pdf
  • Withers, G. and Pope, D. (1985). Immigration and unemployment. The Economic Record 61: 554-564. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1985.tb02010.x

Türkiye'de Çalışma İzni Verilen Göçmen İş Gücünün Bölgesel Düzeyde Ekonomik Etkileri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 5, 2150 - 2170, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1766485

Öz

Uluslararası göç hareketliliğinin küresel anlamda artması ve etkilerinin önemli boyutlara ulaşması göç konusuna yönelik tartışmaları güncel tutmaktadır. Büyük çoğunluğu ekonomik nedenlerle gerçekleşen uluslararası göçler hedef ve kaynak ülkeleri ekonomik, toplumsal, siyasal ve kültürel açıdan etkilemektedir. Türkiye’ye gelen uluslararası göçmen işçilerin bölgelere göre farklılık göstermesi, sanayi ve turizm şehirlerinde yoğunlaşması neticesinde bölgesel etkilerin analiz edilmesinin önemi daha da artmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada Türkiye’de çalışma izni verilen göçmen işçi sayısı ile işsizlik, enflasyon, ekonomik büyüme ve kişi başına düşen gelir arasındaki ilişkinin bölgesel düzeyde belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Panel veri analizinin kullanıldığı modellerde bölgesel makroekonomik değişkenlerin 2019 yılına kadar yayınlanması ve verilerin kısıtlı olmasından dolayı 2011-2019 dönemi seçilmiştir. Ayrıca çalışma izni verilen göçmen işçi sayılarının il bazında yayınlanmasından dolayı bu veriler bölgesel veriye çevrilmiştir. İlgili döneme ilişkin seriler yıllık verilerden oluşmakta ve 26 bölgede çalışma izni verilen göçmen işçi sayısı ile bölgesel makro değişkenler arasındaki ilişki ele alınmaktadır. Literatürde çalışma izni verilen göçmen işçilerin bölgesel düzeyde ekonomik etkilerine yönelik çalışmalar sınırlı sayıda mevcuttur. Bu sebeple çalışmanın özgün olması ve literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Panel Veri Analizinden elde edilen bulgulara göre bölgesel düzeyde çalışma izni verilen göçmen işçi sayısındaki artış, bölgesel GSYH oranını, bölgesel işsizlik oranını, bölgesel enflasyon oranını ve bölgesel kişi başına düşen gelir düzeyini artırmaktadır. Göçmen işçi sayısının bölgesel düzeyde işsizlik ve enflasyon oranlarını arttırması bakımından Türkiye’de niteliksiz göçmen iş gücü sayısının azaltılması ve nitelikli göçmen işçilerin teşvik edilmesi büyük bir önem teşkil etmektedir. Göçmen iş gücünün bölgesel işsizlik oranını arttırırken aynı zamanda ekonomik büyümeyi de arttırması kimsenin yapmak istemediği ikincil piyasa olarak adlandırılan işlerde göçmen işçilerin istihdam edilmesinden kaynaklanmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Altunç, Ö. F., Uçan, O. and Akyıldız, A. (2017). Dış göçlerin Türkiye ekonomisinde işsizlik enflasyon ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkileri: Ekonometrik bir analiz (1985-2015). Researcher: Social Science Studies, 5(8): 197-212.
  • Bonin, H. (2005). Wage and employment effects of immigration to Germany: evidence from a skill group approach. IZA Discussion Paper Series No. 1875. https://docs.iza.org/dp1875.pdf
  • Borjas, G. J. (1989). Economic theory and international migration. The International Migration Review 23(3): 457–485. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2546424
  • Card, D. (1990). The impact of the mariel boatlift on the Miami labor market. Industrial and Labor Relations Review 43(2): 245-257. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2523702?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
  • Castles, S., Booth, H. and Wallace, T. (1984). Here for good: Western Europe's new ethnic minorities. London: Pluto Press.
  • Castles, S. and Miller, M. J. (2009). The age of migration: International population movements in the modern world. (4th edition). Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan (4. ed.).
  • Chamunorwa, W. and Mlambo, C. (2014). The unemployment impact of immigration in South Africa. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 5(20): 2631-2640. 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p2631
  • Dustmann, C., Fabbri, F. and Preston, I. (2005). The Impact of immigration on the British labour market. The Economic Journal 115(507): F324-F341. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2005.01038.x
  • Engin, C. and Konuk, T. (2020). Türkiye ekonomisinde uluslararası göçün işsizlik ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisi: Ekonometrik bir analiz. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 10(1): 103-123.
  • Erdem, U. (2022). Türkiye’de uluslararası iş gücü göçlerinin genel ve bölgesel düzeyde ekonomik etkileri. Yayımlanmamış doktora Tezi). Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Fromentin, V. (2013). The relationship between immigration and unemployment: The case of France. Economic Analysis and Policy, 43(1): 51-66. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0313592613500038?via%3Dihub
  • Gomez, M. G. and Giráldez, S. O. (2011). The causality between economic growth and immigration in Germany and Switzerland. The Economic and Social Review 42(3): 271-287. https://www.esr.ie/ESR_papers/vol42_3/02_Gonzalez%20article.pdf
  • Goldner, S. C. and Paserman, M. D. (2004). The dynamic impact of migration on natives labor market outcomes: Evidence from Israel. European Economic Review, 55(8): 1027-1045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2011.05.002
  • Gross, D. M. (1999). Three million foreigners, three million unemployed? Immigration and the French labor market. Working Paper 1999/124, International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2016/12/30/Three-Million-Foreigners-Three-Million-Unemployed-Immigration-and-the-French-Labor-Market-3268
  • Grossman, J. B. (1982). The substitutability of natives and immigrants in production. The Review of Economics and Statistics 64(4): 596-603. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1923944
  • Gürsel, S., Levent, H., Taştı, E., Yörükoğlu, A., Erçevik, A. S. and Tercan, P. (2002). Türkiye’de iş gücü piyasası ve işsizlik. TÜSİAD (Turkish Industry & Business Association) TÜSİAD-T/2002-12-354, İstanbul: Lebib Yalkın Yayımları ve Basım İşleri A.Ş.
  • Hanson, G. and McIntosh, C. (2016). Is the Mediterranean the New Rio Grande? US and EU immigration pressures in the long run. Journal of Economic Perspectives 30(4): 57-82. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.30.4.57
  • IOM (International Organization for Migration). (2003). Defining migration priorities in an interdependent world. Migration Policy Issues. No.1, March 2003. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mpi_series_no_1_en.pdf
  • IOM. (2008). Migration, development and environment. IOM migration research series no: 35. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mrs_35_1.pdf
  • İçduygu, A. and Sirkeci, İ. (1999). Cumhuriyet dönemi Türkiye’sinde göç hareketleri. In 75. Yılda Köylerden Şehirlere, Edited by Oya Baydar. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yayınları. İçduygu, A. (2003). Irregular migration in Turkey. Geneva: IOM.
  • İçduygu, A., Erder, S. and Gençkaya, Ö. F. (2014). Türkiye’nin uluslararası göç politikaları, 1923-2023: Ulus-devlet oluşumundan ulus-ötesi dönüşümlere. MiReKoc Araştırma Raporları 1/2014, TÜBİTAK 1001_106K291, Eylül 2009, Koç Üniversitesi Göç Araştırmalar Merkezi.
  • Kapur, D. (2014). Political effects of international migration. The Annual Review of Political Science 17: 479–502. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-polisci-043010-095807
  • Kirişçi, K. (1996). Refugees of Turkish origin: “Coerced Immigrants” to Turkey since 1945. International Migration 34(3): 385-412. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.1996.tb00534.x
  • Kirişçi, K. (2002). Justice and home affairs issues in Turkish-EU relations: Assessing Turkish asylum and immigration policy and practice. Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation 1-29. https://www.tesev.org.tr/wpcontent/uploads/report_Justice_And_Home_Affairs_Issues_In_Turkish_EU_Relations.pdf
  • Kirişçi, K. (2007). Turkey: A country of transition from emigration to immigration. Mediterranean Politics 12(1): 91-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/13629390601136871
  • Kónya, L. (2000). Bivariate causality between immigration and long-term unemployment in Australia, 1981-1998. Victoria University of Technology Working Paper, No 18/00. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=290043
  • Ljungholm, D. P. (2014). Preventing illegal migration in Romania. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 149: 741-745. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042814050150
  • Lordoğlu, K. (2007). Türkiye’deki çalışma hayatının bir parçası olarak yabancı çalışanlar. The Journal of Labor and Society 2007/3: 11-31. https://www.calismatoplum.org/makale/turkiyedeki-calisma-hayatinin-bir-parcasi-olarak-yabanci-calisanlar
  • Marr, W. L. and Siklos, P. L. (1994). The link between immigration and unemployment in Canada. Journal of Policy Modeling 16: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0161-8938(94)90001-9
  • Mcauliffe, M. and Triandafyllidou, A. (2021). Report overview: Technological, geopolitical and environmental transformations shaping our migration and mobility futures. M. Mcauliffe and A. Triandafyllidou (eds.), In World migration report 2022 (p. 1-19). Geneva: IOM
  • Morley, B. (2006). Causality between economic growth and immigration: An ARDL bounds testing approach. Economic Letters 90(1): 72-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2005.07.008
  • Nurdoğan, A. K. and Şahin, M. (2019). Türkiye’ye yönelen uluslararası göç işsizliğin bir nedeni mi?. OPUS-Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi 11(18): 2201-2223. 10.26466/opus.569989
  • Öberg, S. (1995). Theories on international migration an overview. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Working Paper. WP-95-047. https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/4545/
  • Ramirez, A. M. and Kumpikaite, V. (2014). Economics reason of migration from point of view of students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 109: 522–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.500
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Labour And Social Security. (2024). Work Permit Statistics 2024. https://www.csgb.gov.tr/%C4%B1statistikler/calismahayati%C4%B1statistikleri/resmi-%C4%B1statistik-programi/yabancilarin-calisma-izinleri/
  • Shan, J. (1999). Immigration and unemployment: New evidence from Australia and New Zealand. International Review of Applied Economics 13(2): 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/026921799101698 Sirkeci, İ. and Cohen, J. H. (2015). Mobility, migration and insecurity. Journal of Urban Studies 6(15): 8-21.
  • Tarasyev, A. A. and Jabbar, J. B. (2018). Dynamic modelling Labor migration impact on the economic system development. IFAC PapersOnLine 51-32: 407-412. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240589631833115X
  • Toksöz, G., Erdoğdu, S. and Kaşka, S. (2012). Türkiye’de düzensiz emek göçü ve göçmenlerin işgücü piyasalarındaki durumları. IOM.
  • UN DESA (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division). (2020). International migration 2020 highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/452).
  • United Nations. (2020). World population policies 2019. (ST/ESA/SER.A/442). https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3908021?v=pdf
  • Withers, G. and Pope, D. (1985). Immigration and unemployment. The Economic Record 61: 554-564. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1985.tb02010.x

The Regional Economic Effects of Immigrant Labor Force Granted Work Permit in Türkiye

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 5, 2150 - 2170, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1766485

Öz

The global increase in international migration and its significant impacts are keeping migration debates current. International migration, the vast majority of which occurs for economic reasons, impacts both destination and source countries economically, socially, politically, and culturally. The regional variation in international migrant workers arriving in Türkiye, with their concentration in industrial and tourist cities, further enhances the importance of analyzing regional impacts. In this context, this study aims to determine the relationship between the number of migrant workers granted work permits in Türkiye and unemployment, inflation, economic growth, and per capita income at the regional level. In models using panel data analysis, the period 2011-2019 was selected due to the limited data available and the publication of regional macroeconomic variables until 2019. Furthermore, because the number of migrant workers granted work permits is published on a provincial basis, these data have been converted to regional data. The series for the relevant period consist of annual data and examine the relationship between the number of migrant workers granted work permits and regional macro variables in 26 regions. There are a limited number of studies in the literature on the economic impact of migrant workers who are granted work permits at the regional level. Therefore, this study is considered original and will make a significant contribution to the literature. According to the findings obtained from Panel Data Analysis, an increase in the number of migrant workers granted work permits at the regional level increases the regional GDP rate, regional unemployment rate, regional inflation rate, and regional per capita income. Reducing the number of unskilled migrant workers and encouraging skilled migrant workers in Türkiye is crucial, as the number of migrant workers increases regional unemployment and inflation rates. The fact that migrant workers increase regional unemployment while simultaneously boosting economic growth stems from the employment of migrant workers in so-called secondary market jobs that no one wants.

Kaynakça

  • Altunç, Ö. F., Uçan, O. and Akyıldız, A. (2017). Dış göçlerin Türkiye ekonomisinde işsizlik enflasyon ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkileri: Ekonometrik bir analiz (1985-2015). Researcher: Social Science Studies, 5(8): 197-212.
  • Bonin, H. (2005). Wage and employment effects of immigration to Germany: evidence from a skill group approach. IZA Discussion Paper Series No. 1875. https://docs.iza.org/dp1875.pdf
  • Borjas, G. J. (1989). Economic theory and international migration. The International Migration Review 23(3): 457–485. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2546424
  • Card, D. (1990). The impact of the mariel boatlift on the Miami labor market. Industrial and Labor Relations Review 43(2): 245-257. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2523702?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
  • Castles, S., Booth, H. and Wallace, T. (1984). Here for good: Western Europe's new ethnic minorities. London: Pluto Press.
  • Castles, S. and Miller, M. J. (2009). The age of migration: International population movements in the modern world. (4th edition). Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan (4. ed.).
  • Chamunorwa, W. and Mlambo, C. (2014). The unemployment impact of immigration in South Africa. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 5(20): 2631-2640. 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p2631
  • Dustmann, C., Fabbri, F. and Preston, I. (2005). The Impact of immigration on the British labour market. The Economic Journal 115(507): F324-F341. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2005.01038.x
  • Engin, C. and Konuk, T. (2020). Türkiye ekonomisinde uluslararası göçün işsizlik ve ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisi: Ekonometrik bir analiz. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 10(1): 103-123.
  • Erdem, U. (2022). Türkiye’de uluslararası iş gücü göçlerinin genel ve bölgesel düzeyde ekonomik etkileri. Yayımlanmamış doktora Tezi). Atatürk Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Fromentin, V. (2013). The relationship between immigration and unemployment: The case of France. Economic Analysis and Policy, 43(1): 51-66. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0313592613500038?via%3Dihub
  • Gomez, M. G. and Giráldez, S. O. (2011). The causality between economic growth and immigration in Germany and Switzerland. The Economic and Social Review 42(3): 271-287. https://www.esr.ie/ESR_papers/vol42_3/02_Gonzalez%20article.pdf
  • Goldner, S. C. and Paserman, M. D. (2004). The dynamic impact of migration on natives labor market outcomes: Evidence from Israel. European Economic Review, 55(8): 1027-1045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2011.05.002
  • Gross, D. M. (1999). Three million foreigners, three million unemployed? Immigration and the French labor market. Working Paper 1999/124, International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2016/12/30/Three-Million-Foreigners-Three-Million-Unemployed-Immigration-and-the-French-Labor-Market-3268
  • Grossman, J. B. (1982). The substitutability of natives and immigrants in production. The Review of Economics and Statistics 64(4): 596-603. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1923944
  • Gürsel, S., Levent, H., Taştı, E., Yörükoğlu, A., Erçevik, A. S. and Tercan, P. (2002). Türkiye’de iş gücü piyasası ve işsizlik. TÜSİAD (Turkish Industry & Business Association) TÜSİAD-T/2002-12-354, İstanbul: Lebib Yalkın Yayımları ve Basım İşleri A.Ş.
  • Hanson, G. and McIntosh, C. (2016). Is the Mediterranean the New Rio Grande? US and EU immigration pressures in the long run. Journal of Economic Perspectives 30(4): 57-82. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.30.4.57
  • IOM (International Organization for Migration). (2003). Defining migration priorities in an interdependent world. Migration Policy Issues. No.1, March 2003. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mpi_series_no_1_en.pdf
  • IOM. (2008). Migration, development and environment. IOM migration research series no: 35. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/pdf/mrs_35_1.pdf
  • İçduygu, A. and Sirkeci, İ. (1999). Cumhuriyet dönemi Türkiye’sinde göç hareketleri. In 75. Yılda Köylerden Şehirlere, Edited by Oya Baydar. İstanbul: Tarih Vakfı Yayınları. İçduygu, A. (2003). Irregular migration in Turkey. Geneva: IOM.
  • İçduygu, A., Erder, S. and Gençkaya, Ö. F. (2014). Türkiye’nin uluslararası göç politikaları, 1923-2023: Ulus-devlet oluşumundan ulus-ötesi dönüşümlere. MiReKoc Araştırma Raporları 1/2014, TÜBİTAK 1001_106K291, Eylül 2009, Koç Üniversitesi Göç Araştırmalar Merkezi.
  • Kapur, D. (2014). Political effects of international migration. The Annual Review of Political Science 17: 479–502. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-polisci-043010-095807
  • Kirişçi, K. (1996). Refugees of Turkish origin: “Coerced Immigrants” to Turkey since 1945. International Migration 34(3): 385-412. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.1996.tb00534.x
  • Kirişçi, K. (2002). Justice and home affairs issues in Turkish-EU relations: Assessing Turkish asylum and immigration policy and practice. Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation 1-29. https://www.tesev.org.tr/wpcontent/uploads/report_Justice_And_Home_Affairs_Issues_In_Turkish_EU_Relations.pdf
  • Kirişçi, K. (2007). Turkey: A country of transition from emigration to immigration. Mediterranean Politics 12(1): 91-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/13629390601136871
  • Kónya, L. (2000). Bivariate causality between immigration and long-term unemployment in Australia, 1981-1998. Victoria University of Technology Working Paper, No 18/00. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=290043
  • Ljungholm, D. P. (2014). Preventing illegal migration in Romania. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 149: 741-745. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042814050150
  • Lordoğlu, K. (2007). Türkiye’deki çalışma hayatının bir parçası olarak yabancı çalışanlar. The Journal of Labor and Society 2007/3: 11-31. https://www.calismatoplum.org/makale/turkiyedeki-calisma-hayatinin-bir-parcasi-olarak-yabanci-calisanlar
  • Marr, W. L. and Siklos, P. L. (1994). The link between immigration and unemployment in Canada. Journal of Policy Modeling 16: 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/0161-8938(94)90001-9
  • Mcauliffe, M. and Triandafyllidou, A. (2021). Report overview: Technological, geopolitical and environmental transformations shaping our migration and mobility futures. M. Mcauliffe and A. Triandafyllidou (eds.), In World migration report 2022 (p. 1-19). Geneva: IOM
  • Morley, B. (2006). Causality between economic growth and immigration: An ARDL bounds testing approach. Economic Letters 90(1): 72-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2005.07.008
  • Nurdoğan, A. K. and Şahin, M. (2019). Türkiye’ye yönelen uluslararası göç işsizliğin bir nedeni mi?. OPUS-Uluslararası Toplum Araştırmaları Dergisi 11(18): 2201-2223. 10.26466/opus.569989
  • Öberg, S. (1995). Theories on international migration an overview. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Working Paper. WP-95-047. https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/4545/
  • Ramirez, A. M. and Kumpikaite, V. (2014). Economics reason of migration from point of view of students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 109: 522–526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.500
  • Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Labour And Social Security. (2024). Work Permit Statistics 2024. https://www.csgb.gov.tr/%C4%B1statistikler/calismahayati%C4%B1statistikleri/resmi-%C4%B1statistik-programi/yabancilarin-calisma-izinleri/
  • Shan, J. (1999). Immigration and unemployment: New evidence from Australia and New Zealand. International Review of Applied Economics 13(2): 253-260. https://doi.org/10.1080/026921799101698 Sirkeci, İ. and Cohen, J. H. (2015). Mobility, migration and insecurity. Journal of Urban Studies 6(15): 8-21.
  • Tarasyev, A. A. and Jabbar, J. B. (2018). Dynamic modelling Labor migration impact on the economic system development. IFAC PapersOnLine 51-32: 407-412. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240589631833115X
  • Toksöz, G., Erdoğdu, S. and Kaşka, S. (2012). Türkiye’de düzensiz emek göçü ve göçmenlerin işgücü piyasalarındaki durumları. IOM.
  • UN DESA (United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division). (2020). International migration 2020 highlights (ST/ESA/SER.A/452).
  • United Nations. (2020). World population policies 2019. (ST/ESA/SER.A/442). https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3908021?v=pdf
  • Withers, G. and Pope, D. (1985). Immigration and unemployment. The Economic Record 61: 554-564. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4932.1985.tb02010.x
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Makro İktisat (Diğer), Bölgesel Ekonomi, Uluslararası Göç
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Uğur Erdem 0000-0002-0875-5235

Tuba Şahinoğlu 0000-0002-5742-247X

Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Ağustos 2025
Kabul Tarihi 1 Aralık 2025
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 16 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

APA Erdem, U., & Şahinoğlu, T. (2025). The Regional Economic Effects of Immigrant Labor Force Granted Work Permit in Türkiye. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 14(5), 2150-2170. https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1766485
İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi  Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır. 

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