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Was Abraham Joshua Heschel A Neo-Hasidic Jew?

Yıl 2020, , 2592 - 2716, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.728929

Öz

Abraham Joshua Heschel (d. 1972) was born in Warsaw, Poland, the heart of the Hasidic world, and belonged to the zaddikim family. Heschel witnessed the spiritual wealth of Hasidism during his life in his country, on the other hand, he was also aware of the shortages of Hasidism. His family wanted Herschel to be rebbe, but he left Warsaw at a young age and moved to Vilna for education and then to Berlin. Although Herschel never lived in a Hasidic society again, except for Warsaw, nevertheless, the influence of Hasidism can be seen in almost all his works. It is believed that Heschel left the Hasidic society due to intellectual blindness, but it is possible to say that, although he was criticized by some, he tried to stick to the teachings of Hasidism throughout his life. However, Herschel, unlike classical Hasidism, appears to have developed his own neo-Hasidism in an atmosphere of modern American Judaism. In our study, also considering that Herschel is a philosopher and theologist, his neo-Hasidic style and the language he used, will be emphasized.

Kaynakça

  • Bell, R. H. Jr. (Ed.) Battin, B. (Ed.) (1995). Seeds of the Spirit: Wisdom of the Twentieth Century. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press.
  • Besalel, Y. (2001). Yahudilik Ansiklopedisi. İstanbul: Gözlem Gazetecilik Basın ve Yayın A.Ş.
  • Biale, D. (2018). INTRODUCTION: Hasidism as a Modern Movement. Hasidism: A New History. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Bridger, D. (1962). The New Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Behrman House.
  • Britton, J. H. (2013). Abraham Heschel and the Phenomenon of Piety. New York: Bloomsbury.
  • Cohn–Sherbok, D. (2005). Dictionary of Jewish Biography. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Cooper, D. A. (1997). God is A Verb: Kabbalah and the Practice of Mystical Judaism. New York: Riverhead Books.
  • Fox, M. (1960). HESCHEL, INTUITION, AND THE HALAKHAH. Tradition: A Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought. Rabbinical Council of America (RCA). 3/1. s.: 5-15.
  • Goldberg, H. E. (1997). Becoming History: Perspectives on the Seminary Faculty at Mid-Century. Tradition Renewed: A History of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America. (Ed.) J. Wertheimer. New York: Jewish Theological Seminary of America. Vol. I. s: 353-439.
  • Green, A. (2009). Abraham Joshua Heschel: Recasting Hasidism for Moderns. Modern Judaism. 29. s: 62-79.
  • Green, A. (2015). The Heart of the Matter: Studies in Jewish Mysticism and Theology. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society.
  • Green, A. - Mayse, A. E. (2019). A New Hasidism: Roots. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1996). Moral Grandeur And Spritual Audacity. (Ed.) Susannah Heschel. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1965). Who is Man?. Standford, California: Standford University Press.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1955). God in Search of Man. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1954). Man's Quest for God: Studies in Prayer and Symbolism. New York: Charles Scribners Sons.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1951). The Sabbath. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1950). The Earth is the Lord's: The Inner World of the Jew in Eastern Europe. New York: Henry Schuman, Inc.
  • Heschel, S. (1998). Theological Affinities in the Writings of Abraham Joshua Heschel and Martin Luther King, Jr. Conservative Judaism. 50. s: 126-143.
  • Horwitz, R. (1999). Abraham Joshua Heschel on Prayer and His Hasidic Sources. Modern Judaism. 19/3. Oxford University Press. s: 293-310.
  • Idel, M. (2009). Abraham Joshua Heschel on Mysticism and Hasidism. Modern Judaism. 29/1. Oxford University Press. s. 80-105.
  • Kaplan, E. K. (2019). Abraham Joshua Heschel: Mind, Heart, Soul. Philadelphia: University of Nebraska Press.
  • Kaplan, E. K. (2007). Review of Man Is Not Alone: A Philosophy of Religion. Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies. 26/1. s: 190-193.
  • Karesh, S. E. ve Hurvitz, M. M. (2006). Encyclopedia of Judaism. (Ed.) J. Gordon Melton, New York: Facts On File Inc.
  • Magid, S. (1998). Abraham Joshua Heschel and Thomas Merton: Heretics of Modernity. Conservative Judaism. 50/2-3. s: 112-125.
  • Margolis, P. (2007). Havurah. ENCYCLOPAEDIA JUDAICA (EJ). Second Edition, VIII. (Ed.) Michael Berenbaum, Fred Skolnik. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA. s: 471-472.
  • Marmur, M. (2016). Abraham Joshua Heschel and the Sources of Wonder. Toronto, Buffalo, London: University of Toronto Press.
  • Marmur, M. (2007). In Search of Heschel. Shofar. 26/1. Special Issue: A Jewish Life: Abraham Joshua Heschel: A Centenary Tribute. s: 9-40.
  • Nadell, P. S. ve Raphael, M. L. (1988). Conservative Judaism in America. New York: Greenwood Press.
  • Reder, V. (/2007). Review of Man's Quest for God: Studies in Prayer and Symbolism by Abraham Joshua Heschel. Shofar. 26/1. Special Issue: A Jewish Life: Abraham Joshua Heschel: A Centenary Tribute. s: 193-195.
  • Rothschild, F. A. ve Meir, E. (2007). HESCHEL, ABRAHAM JOSHUA. ENCYCLOPAEDIA JUDAICA (EJ), Second Edition. IX. (Ed.) Michael Berenbaum, Fred Skolnik, Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA. s: 70-72.
  • Shook, J. R. ve Richard T. H. (2005). Heschel. The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers. Bristol: Thoemmes Continuum. s. 1101-1104.
  • Wertheimer, J. (1997). JTS and the Conservative Movement. Tradition Renewed: A History of The Jewish Theological Seminary of America. II. (Ed.) Jack Wertheimer. New York: The Jewish Theological Seminary of America. s: 405-442.
  • Wigoder, G. (1992). The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Facts On File. Inc.
  • Wigoder, G. (1989). The Encyclopedia of Judaism. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Web Siteleri https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/dresner-samuel-hayim erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://www.yivo.org/About-YIVO erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://www.learnreligions.com/what-is-universalism-700701 erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/hasidim-and-mitnagdim erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://happyminyan.org/rabbi-shlomo-carlebach/ erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://www.colorado.edu/post-holocaustamericanjudaismcollections/home/biography-zalman-schachter-shalomi erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://peoplepill.com/people/arthur-green-6/ erişim: 23.04.2020
  • http://jbuff.com/c121301.htm erişim: 24.04.2020
  • https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/111855/jewish/Don-Isaac-Abravanel-The-Abarbanel.htm erişim: 25.04.2020

Abraham Joshua Heschel Neo- Hasidik Bir Yahudi miydi?

Yıl 2020, , 2592 - 2716, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.728929

Öz

Abraham Joshua Heschel (ö. 1972), Hasidik dünyanın kalbi olan Polonya’nın Varşova şehrinde dünyaya gelmiştir ve aileden zaddikim sülalesine aittir. Heschel, memleketinde yaşadığı süre zarfında Hasidizm’in manevi zenginliklerine şahit olmuş, diğer taraftan da Hasidizm’in eksikliklerinin de farkında olmuştur. Ailesi Heschel’in rebbe olmasını istemiş fakat o, genç yaşta Varşova’dan ayrılarak eğitim için önce Vilna, oradan da Berlin’e geçmiştir. Heschel, Varşova dışında bir daha asla Hasidik bir toplumda yaşamamış olsa da, yine de onun yazdığı neredeyse tüm eserlerde Hasidizm’in etkisi görülmektedir. Heschel’in, Hasidik toplumu entelektüel körlük nedeniyle terk ettiği düşünülmektedir, fakat onun, bazıları tarafından eleştirilse de, yine de hayatı boyunca Hasidiliğin öğretilerine bağlı kalmaya çalıştığını söylemek mümkündür. Ancak Heschel, klasik Hasidizm’den farklı olarak modern Amerikan Yahudiliği atmosferinde kendine ait bir neo-Hasidizm geliştirdiği görülmektedir. Çalışmamızda, aynı zamanda Heschel’in bir filozof ve teolog olması da göz önüne alınarak, onun neo-Hasidik üslubu ve dili üzerinde durulacaktır.  

Kaynakça

  • Bell, R. H. Jr. (Ed.) Battin, B. (Ed.) (1995). Seeds of the Spirit: Wisdom of the Twentieth Century. Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press.
  • Besalel, Y. (2001). Yahudilik Ansiklopedisi. İstanbul: Gözlem Gazetecilik Basın ve Yayın A.Ş.
  • Biale, D. (2018). INTRODUCTION: Hasidism as a Modern Movement. Hasidism: A New History. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Bridger, D. (1962). The New Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Behrman House.
  • Britton, J. H. (2013). Abraham Heschel and the Phenomenon of Piety. New York: Bloomsbury.
  • Cohn–Sherbok, D. (2005). Dictionary of Jewish Biography. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Cooper, D. A. (1997). God is A Verb: Kabbalah and the Practice of Mystical Judaism. New York: Riverhead Books.
  • Fox, M. (1960). HESCHEL, INTUITION, AND THE HALAKHAH. Tradition: A Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought. Rabbinical Council of America (RCA). 3/1. s.: 5-15.
  • Goldberg, H. E. (1997). Becoming History: Perspectives on the Seminary Faculty at Mid-Century. Tradition Renewed: A History of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America. (Ed.) J. Wertheimer. New York: Jewish Theological Seminary of America. Vol. I. s: 353-439.
  • Green, A. (2009). Abraham Joshua Heschel: Recasting Hasidism for Moderns. Modern Judaism. 29. s: 62-79.
  • Green, A. (2015). The Heart of the Matter: Studies in Jewish Mysticism and Theology. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society.
  • Green, A. - Mayse, A. E. (2019). A New Hasidism: Roots. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1996). Moral Grandeur And Spritual Audacity. (Ed.) Susannah Heschel. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1965). Who is Man?. Standford, California: Standford University Press.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1955). God in Search of Man. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1954). Man's Quest for God: Studies in Prayer and Symbolism. New York: Charles Scribners Sons.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1951). The Sabbath. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Heschel, A. J. (1950). The Earth is the Lord's: The Inner World of the Jew in Eastern Europe. New York: Henry Schuman, Inc.
  • Heschel, S. (1998). Theological Affinities in the Writings of Abraham Joshua Heschel and Martin Luther King, Jr. Conservative Judaism. 50. s: 126-143.
  • Horwitz, R. (1999). Abraham Joshua Heschel on Prayer and His Hasidic Sources. Modern Judaism. 19/3. Oxford University Press. s: 293-310.
  • Idel, M. (2009). Abraham Joshua Heschel on Mysticism and Hasidism. Modern Judaism. 29/1. Oxford University Press. s. 80-105.
  • Kaplan, E. K. (2019). Abraham Joshua Heschel: Mind, Heart, Soul. Philadelphia: University of Nebraska Press.
  • Kaplan, E. K. (2007). Review of Man Is Not Alone: A Philosophy of Religion. Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies. 26/1. s: 190-193.
  • Karesh, S. E. ve Hurvitz, M. M. (2006). Encyclopedia of Judaism. (Ed.) J. Gordon Melton, New York: Facts On File Inc.
  • Magid, S. (1998). Abraham Joshua Heschel and Thomas Merton: Heretics of Modernity. Conservative Judaism. 50/2-3. s: 112-125.
  • Margolis, P. (2007). Havurah. ENCYCLOPAEDIA JUDAICA (EJ). Second Edition, VIII. (Ed.) Michael Berenbaum, Fred Skolnik. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA. s: 471-472.
  • Marmur, M. (2016). Abraham Joshua Heschel and the Sources of Wonder. Toronto, Buffalo, London: University of Toronto Press.
  • Marmur, M. (2007). In Search of Heschel. Shofar. 26/1. Special Issue: A Jewish Life: Abraham Joshua Heschel: A Centenary Tribute. s: 9-40.
  • Nadell, P. S. ve Raphael, M. L. (1988). Conservative Judaism in America. New York: Greenwood Press.
  • Reder, V. (/2007). Review of Man's Quest for God: Studies in Prayer and Symbolism by Abraham Joshua Heschel. Shofar. 26/1. Special Issue: A Jewish Life: Abraham Joshua Heschel: A Centenary Tribute. s: 193-195.
  • Rothschild, F. A. ve Meir, E. (2007). HESCHEL, ABRAHAM JOSHUA. ENCYCLOPAEDIA JUDAICA (EJ), Second Edition. IX. (Ed.) Michael Berenbaum, Fred Skolnik, Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA. s: 70-72.
  • Shook, J. R. ve Richard T. H. (2005). Heschel. The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers. Bristol: Thoemmes Continuum. s. 1101-1104.
  • Wertheimer, J. (1997). JTS and the Conservative Movement. Tradition Renewed: A History of The Jewish Theological Seminary of America. II. (Ed.) Jack Wertheimer. New York: The Jewish Theological Seminary of America. s: 405-442.
  • Wigoder, G. (1992). The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Facts On File. Inc.
  • Wigoder, G. (1989). The Encyclopedia of Judaism. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Web Siteleri https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/dresner-samuel-hayim erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://www.yivo.org/About-YIVO erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://www.learnreligions.com/what-is-universalism-700701 erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/hasidim-and-mitnagdim erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://happyminyan.org/rabbi-shlomo-carlebach/ erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://www.colorado.edu/post-holocaustamericanjudaismcollections/home/biography-zalman-schachter-shalomi erişim: 23.04.2020
  • https://peoplepill.com/people/arthur-green-6/ erişim: 23.04.2020
  • http://jbuff.com/c121301.htm erişim: 24.04.2020
  • https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/111855/jewish/Don-Isaac-Abravanel-The-Abarbanel.htm erişim: 25.04.2020
Toplam 44 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ismaıl Basaran 0000-0003-4408-0842

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020

Kaynak Göster

APA Basaran, I. (2020). Abraham Joshua Heschel Neo- Hasidik Bir Yahudi miydi?. İnsan Ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(3), 2592-2716. https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.728929
İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi  Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.