The First Hermeneutic Principles of Rabbinic Judaism: Hillel’s Seven Hermeneutic Rules

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 321 - 337, 06.04.2016

Ömer Araz

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.00110

Cited By: 1

Öz

Rabbinic Judaism represents the understanding that after the destruction of the Second Temple at A.D. 70, the disappearance of religious approaches and practices related to the Temple, and to replace them the Tanah and its interpretation. Therefore, the Tanah and its interpretation constitutes the basis of Rabbinic Judaism. According to Rabbinic Judaism, on Mount Sinai God has revealed Torah and its interpretation and the rules which rabbis interprets Torah depending on those rules. Therefore, interpretations made by the rabbis are a part of divine revelation. However, these interpretations were made according to certain rules. Some application examples of these rules are situated in Tanah. In Rabbinic Judaism, seven interpretation rules (Middot) which attributed to Hillel are the first step in its field, and the basis and pioneer the other rules which developed after them.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hillel, Middot, Rabbinic, Dual Tora, Hermeneutic Rules

Rabbani Yahudiliğin İlk Yorum Prensipleri: Hillel’in Yedi Yorum Kuralı

Öz

Rabbâni Yahudilik, m.s. 70 yılında II. Mabed’in yıkımı sonrasında, Mabed’e bağlı dini yaklaşım ve uygulamaların ortadan kalkması ve bunun yerini Yahudi Kutsal Kitabı ile onun yorumlarının almasını ifade etmektedir. Bu sebeple Rabbâni Yahudiliğin temelini Tanah ve  yorumu oluşturmaktadır. Rabbâni Yahudiliğe göre Tanrı Sina’da Hz. Musa’ya Tora ile birlikte onun yorum kuralları ve bunlara uygun yapılan yorumlarını da vermiştir. Bu sebeple rabbiler tarafından yapılan bu yorumlar ilahi vahyin bir parçasıdır. Ancak bu yorumlar belli kurallara göre yapılmaktadır. Bu kurallarının uygulama örnekleri Tanah içerisinde bulunmaktadır. Rabbâni Yahudilikte Hillel’e izafe edilen yedi yorum kuralı (middot), alanında ilk basamaktır ve kendisinden sonra geliştirilen diğer yorum kurallarının temeli ve öncüsüdür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hillel; Middot; Rabbâni; Çift Tora; Yorum Kuralları

Kaynakça

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