ABD'nin Avrupa Enerji Pazarına Yönelik İzlediği Dış Politika: Kaya Gazı Devrimi ve Avrupa Pazarında Rus Hâkimiyetine Karşı LNG Hamlesi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 3, 2177 - 2202, 30.09.2019

Efe Sıvış

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.581534

Cited By: 1

Öz

Bu makale, Avrupa gaz pazarının kapasitesini ve
Rusya'nın ana gaz tedarikçisi olduğunu göz önünde bulundurmak suretiyle, Avrupa
gaz pazarının halen gelişme sürecinde olan Kuzey Amerika gazı için henüz
yararlanılmamış bir kaynak olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, ABD ve
Rusya’nın enerji sektörü özelinde ilişkilerine jeopolitik çerçevede geniş ve
kapsamlı genel bir bakış sunmakta, diğer yandan hem ABD hem de Rusya’nın enerji
politikası için Avrupa enerji piyasasının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Makalede,
güvenlikleştirme teorisi ve enerji güvenliği kavramları çerçevesinde ABD’nin
dış politikasının analiz edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada yöntem olarak
ABD’nin bölgeye ilişkin enerji politikaları bölgeselcilik kavramı çerçevesinde
analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucu, ABD’nin Avrupa doğal gaz piyasalarındaki
çıkarının, yalnızca Avrupa’nın Rus doğal gazına olan bağımlılığını azaltma
konusunda ‘yardım etmenin’ ötesinde olduğunu, ABD’nin nihai dış politika
hedefinin Avrupa’nın önde gelen bir doğal gaz tedarikçisi olarak tebarüz etmek
olduğunu öngörmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupa Enerji Piyasası, Güvenlikleştirme Teorisi, Enerji Güvenliği, Kuzey Akım 2, Kaya Gazı

Foreign Policy Followed by the U.S. in The European Energy Market: Shale Gas Revolution and LNG Thrust Against The Russian Dominance

Öz

Considering
the capacity of the European gas market and that Russia is the main gas
supplier; this paper reveals that the European gas market remains an unused
resource for the North American gas, which is still in the development process.
The study provides a broad and extensive general viewpoint to the U.S. and
Russian relationships specific to the energy sector within a geopolitical
framework and also emphasizes the importance of the European energy market for
the energy politics of both U.S. and Russia. In the paper, it is aimed to
analyze the U.S. foreign policy within the frame of the concepts of
securitization theory and energy security. As a method in the study, energy
policies of the U.S. concerning the region were analyzed within the frame of
the concept of regionalism. The study results anticipate that the U.S.’
interest in the European natural gas markets is beyond ‘assisting’ in just
reducing the Europe’s dependence on the Russian natural gas and the ultimate
foreign policy goal of the U.S. is to be a prominent natural gas supplier of
Europe.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

European Energy Market, Securitization Theory, Energy Security, Nord Stream 2, Shale Gas

Kaynakça

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