Lojistik Merkezi Yer Seçimi için Aralık Değerli Sezgisel Bulanık Sayılara Dayalı Genişletilmiş VIKOR Yöntemi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 1821 - 1837, 30.09.2022

Rahmi Baki

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1084212

Cited By: 1

Öz

Lojistik merkezler (LM) için uygun yerin belirlenmesi, rekabet avantajı elde etmenin, sürdürmenin ve tedarik zinciri faaliyetlerinin verimliliğini artırmanın anahtarıdır. Artan müşteri beklentileri, lojistik maliyetlerinin azaltılmasına yönelik çabalar ve lojistik sektöründe yaşanan rekabet yoğunluğu son yıllarda birçok yeni LM kurulmasına neden olmuştur. Bu merkezler yük taşımacılığında verimliliğin artmasına, lojistik hizmetlerin optimize edilmesine ve bulundukları kentteki trafiğin azaltılmasında önemli ölçüde katkı sağlamaktadır. LM'lerin artan önemi ve konumlarının lojistik faaliyetler üzerindeki önemli etkisi, kurulum yeri seçimini stratejik bir değerlendirme haline getirmiştir. Ancak, LM konum alternatiflerini değerlendirmek, birçok faktörün hesaba katılması gereken karmaşık bir süreçtir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, aralık değerli sezgisel bulanık sayılara (ADSBS) dayalı genişletilmiş bir VlseKriterijuska Optimizacija I Komoromisno Resenje (VIKOR) yaklaşımı önermek ve uygulanabilirliğini test etmektir. ADSBS'ın uygulanması, insan düşünce ve karar süreçlerindeki belirsizlikle başa çıkmaya katkıda bulunur. Öte yandan VIKOR birbiriyle çelişen ve farklı birimler tarafından temsil edilen kriterleri sıralamayı kolaylaştıran ve uzlaşmacı bir çözüm sunan bir karar verme tekniğidir. Bu çalışmada önerilen ADSBS aracılığıyla genişletilmiş VIKOR yaklaşımının uygulanabilirliği, LM konum alternatiflerinin değerlendirildiği sayısal bir örnekte test edilmiştir. Kriter ağırlıklarının belirlenmesi ve alternatiflerin sıralanması için üç uzman karar vericiye danışılmıştır. Karar vericiler, lojistik ve planlama uzmanı, lojistik operasyon yöneticisi ve tedarik zinciri başmühendisi olarak görev yapmaktadır. Uygulamada alternatifler altı kriter (altyapı, müşteriye yakınlık, tedarikçilere yakınlık, intermodal bağlantı, işgücü arzı ve güvenlik/güvenirlilik) dikkate alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak kriterler ağırlıklarına göre intermodal bağlantı (0,255), altyapı (0,194), güvenlik/güvenlik (0,169), müşterilere yakınlık (0,158), tedarikçilere yakınlık (0,131) ve iş gücü arzı (0,093) biçiminde sıralanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulguların araştırmacılara ve sektör yöneticilerine katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bulanık Küme, Aralık Değerli Sezgisel Bulanık Sayılar, VIKOR, Lojistik Merkez, Yer Seçimi

Extended VIKOR Method based on Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers for Selection of Logistics Centre Location

Öz

Identifying the appropriate location for logistics centres (LC) is key to gaining and maintaining a competitive advantage and increasing the efficiency of supply chain activities. Increasing customer expectations, efforts to reduce logistics costs and the intensity of competition in the logistics sector have led to the establishment of many new LMs in recent years. These centers contribute significantly to increasing efficiency in freight transportation, optimizing logistics services and reducing the traffic. The increasing importance of LCs and the significant impact of their location on logistics activities have made the choice of installation site a strategic consideration. However, evaluating LC location alternatives is a complex process that must take many factors into account. The aim of the present study is to propose an extended VlseKriterijuska Optimizacija I Komoromisno Resenje (VIKOR) approach based on interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (IVIFN) and test its feasibility. Applying IVIFN contributes to coping with uncertainty in human thought and decision processes. On the other hand, VIKOR is a decision-making technique that facilitates ranking criteria that are contradictory and represented by different units, and it offers a compromise solution. The feasibility of the extended VIKOR approach through IVIFN proposed in this study was tested in a numerical example in which LC location alternatives were evaluated. Three experts were consulted to determine the criterion weights and to rank the alternatives. Decision makers serve as logistics and planning specialist, logistics operations manager and supply chain chief engineer. In practice, alternatives were evaluated by considering six criteria. As a result, criteria are listed in the form of intermodal connection (0.255), infrastructure (0.194), security/safety (0.169), proximity to customers (0.158), proximity to suppliers (0.131), and labour supply (0.093), according to their weighted importance. It is expected that the findings obtained in the study will contribute to researchers and sector managers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fuzzy Set, Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers, VIKOR, Logistics Centre, Location Selection

Kaynakça

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