Türkiye de Ekonomik Küreselleşme ve Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Analizi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 1, 163 - 189, 28.03.2025

Dilek Usanmaz , Yusuf Ünsal , Hayri Tanrıverdi

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1532272

Öz

Küreselleşme; mal ve hizmetlerin, teknolojinin, yatırımların, emeğin ve bilgi akışının uluslararası hareketliliğinin, dünyayı nasıl daha bağlantılı ve birbirine bağımlı bir yer haline getirdiğini ifade eder. Dünyada, 1980’li yıllardan sonra hızlanan küreselleşme sürecinin ülkeler arasındaki sermaye hareketliliğini arttırarak özellikle yurtiçi tasarruf ve dolayısıyla sermaye yetersizliği sorunuyla karşı karşıya olan gelişmekte olan ülkelerin büyümesini olumlu yönde etkilediği ve kalkınma sürecine katkıda bulunduğu söylenebilir. Buna paralel olarak doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar başta gelişmekte olan ülkeler olmak üzere tüm ülkelerin kalkınma planlarının ayrılmaz bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda, 1970-2021 dönemi kapsamında Türkiye için doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve ekonomik küreselleşme endeksinin ekonomik büyümeye etkisi Johansen eşbütünleşme ve FMOLS yöntemleri ile analiz edilmektedir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre ekonomik büyüme, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve küreselleşme arasında bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca FMOLS uzun dönem katsayı tahmin sonuçlarına göre ekonomik küreselleşme ekonomik büyümeyi azaltırken, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ekonomik büyümeyi etkilememektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekonomik Küreselleşme, Ekonomik Büyüme, Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar, Eşbütünleşme Analizi, FMOLS Analizi

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma Etik Kurul Onayı gerektirmez.

Analysis of the Effects of Economic Globalization and Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth in Turkey

Öz

Globalization refers to how the international mobility of goods and services, technology, investment, labor and information flows has made the world a more connected and interdependent place. It can be said that the globalization process, which accelerated after the 1980s, increased the capital mobility among countries, positively affected the growth of developing countries, which were facing the problem of domestic savings and therefore capital insufficiency, and contributed to the development process. In parallel with this, FDI has become an integral part of the development plans of all countries, especially developing countries. In this context, the effects of foreign direct investments and economic globalization index on economic growth for Turkey for the period 1970-2021 are analyzed using Johansen cointegration and FMOLS methods. According to the findings, a cointegration relationship is found between economic growth, FDI and globalization. Moreover, according to FMOLS long-run coefficient estimation results, economic globalization reduces economic growth, while FDI does not affect economic growth.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Economic Globalization, Economic Growth, Foreign Direct Investment, Cointegration Analysis, FMOLS Analysis

Kaynakça

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