Malatya’nın Yitik Tarihi Köprüleri: Kırkgöz ve Deyr-i Mesih

Öz

Mezopotamya’dan Anadolu içlerine ve Karadeniz’e ulaşan yolların kesişme noktasında yer alan Malatya, su kaynakları bakımından da zengin bir coğrafyada bulunmaktadır. Uzunyayla’dan doğan Tohma Çayı, Gürün suyunu da bünyesine alarak Malatya’ya ulaşmakta ve buradan da Fırat Nehri’ne karışmaktadır. Yine Malatya’daki Sultansuyu ve Derme Deresi (Deyr-i Mesih) başta olmak üzere, başka sular da Tohma Çayı’na akmaktadır. Malatya tarımının gelişmesinde önemli rol oynayan bu sular üzerinde ulaşımı sağlamak için Osmanlı Dönemi’nde ve öncesinde irili ufaklı köprüler inşa edilmiştir. Bunlar içinde en önemlisi de Sivas-Malatya-Diyarbakır ve Malatya-Erzincan-Erzurum arasındaki ulaşımı sağlayan Kırkgöz Köprüsü’dür. Yine Deyr-i Mesih Köprüsü de şehrin önemli tarihi köprülerinden biridir. Fakat bunların hiçbiri günümüze ulaşmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tarihî ulaşım ağları üzerinde yer alan Kırkgöz Köprüsü ile bir su kemeri olarak da vazife gören Deyr-i Mesih Köprüsü’nün mimarlık, ulaşım ve iktisat tarihi açısından önemlerini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmanın başlıca kaynakları ise Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri, salnameler, seyahatnameler, süreli yayınlar ve konu ile ilgili araştırma ve incelemelerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Malatya
• Kırkgöz Köprüsü
• Deyr-i Mesih Köprüsü
• mimarlık tarihi
• tarihî köprüler

Lost Historical Bridges of Malatya: Kırkgöz and Deir Massiah

Öz

Malatya, which is located at the intersection point of the roads reaching from Mesopotamia to the interior of Anatolia and the Black Sea, lies in a geography rich in water resources. The Tohma Stream, which originates in Uzunyayla, reaches Malatya by incorporating the water of Gürün, and from there flows into the Euphrates River. Other waters, especially Sultansuyu and Derme Creek (Deir Massiah) in Malatya, also flow into the Tohma Stream. Large and small bridges were built during and before the Ottoman period to provide transportation over these waters, which played an important role in the development of Malatya agriculture. The most important of these is the Kırkgöz Bridge, which provides transportation between Sivas-Malatya-Diyarbakır and Malatya-Erzincan-Erzurum. The Deir Massiah Bridge is also one of the important historical bridges of the city. However, none of these bridges has survived to this day. The aim of this study is to reveal the importance of Kırkgöz Bridge, which is located on historical transport networks, and the Deir Massiah Bridge, which also served as an aqueduct, in terms of architecture, transport and economic history. The main sources of the study are Ottoman archive documents, Ottoman yearbooks, travelogues, periodicals and research and studies on the subject.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Malatya
• Kırkgöz Bridge
• Deir Massiah Bridge
• Tohma Stream
• historical bridges

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