Medical Activities of American Board in Turkey (1833-1923)
Öz
In the 1820s, the American Board began with the sending of the
first medical missionaries to the Ottoman land for medical practice. Further,
the first medical missionaries were itinerant doctors. Although an itinerant
practice system was still being set up at that time, the American Board was
continuing with its work by setting up dispensaries for temporary interventions
and prescribing medications to patients from other regions as well. Medical
missionaries were trained to handle both medicinal and religious matters. In
the 1880s, the American Board was institutionalized through the establishment
of hospitals, medical schools, nursing schools, and pharmacies in provinces
such as, Antep, Mardin, Talas, Merzifon, Van, Erzurum, Sivas, Adana, Konya,
Diyarbakır, and İstanbul. Besides the medical practices, the first School of
Medicine in Anatolia was opened in Antep by missionaries. Moreover, the
missionaries also tried to reach the nearby regions of the centers where the
hospitals were situated via mobile healthcare missionary practices. Even
though there was a reaction against the religious and educational institutions in
the Ottoman society, the insufficiencies in the state in terms of healthcare, and
all people being able to benefit from health institutions, enabled missionaries to
work in a more convenient way in this field. In “the medical missionary,” with
the opportunities offered by their occupations, the healthcare organizations’
missionaries, such as hospitals and dispensaries, spread the message of
Christianity to the wider population by building close relationships with people.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) ABCFM Reel 703, No: 676. ABCFM Reel 703, No: 675. ABCFM Reel 666, No: 94, 95. ABCFM Reel 703, No: 643. ABCFM Reel 704, No: 580. ABCFM Reel 666, No: 55. ABCFM ABCFM Reel 660, No: 56. ABCFM Reel 660, No: 56. ABCFM Reel 660, No: 88. ABCFM Reel 703, No: 584. ABCFM Reel 712, No: 398. ABCFM Reel 618, No: 20. ABCFM Reel 618, No: 295. ABCFM Reel 628, No: 594. ABCFM Reel 617, No: 610. ABCFM Reel 712, No: 312. ABCFM Reel 703, No: 685. 1913. ABCFM Reel 661, No: 456. ABCFM Reel 668, No: 44. ABCFM Reel 667, No: 101.
- American Board Archives (ABA) ABA, 0009 00765, No:6-7. ABA, 0010 00796, No: 14-15. ABA, 0015 01217, No: 6. ABA, ABCFM (1917-1922), 1921 No: 086. ABA, 0011 00938. ABA, 0010 00857, No: 1-2.
- Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi (BOA) Dahiliye Nezareti Mektubi Kalemi (DH.MKT), 1560/60; 818/9. Dâhiliye Muhaberat-ı Umumiye İdaresi, (DH.MUİ.), 63/82. Babıali Evrak Odası, (BEO), 3750/281176.
- Amerikan Board Arşivi Yıllık Raporları ve Süreli Yayınları The American Board in the Near East, The Near East Mission at a Glance, 1930. The American Journal of Nursing, A Missionary Nurse Needed for Turkey. vol. XIII/8 (May, 1913), s. 612-613. The Fifty-third Annual Report of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign, 6-9 October 1863, Boston. The Missionary Herald, vol. 84, 1888, s. 354. The Nursing in Mission Stations, Trained Nurses Needed Immediately for Missionary Service, The American Journal of Nursing, vol. XI/3, 1910, s. 190-191. The Medical Missionary Work at Cesarea, For the year ending june 30th. 1908. The Medical Missionary Work at Konia, 1913. The Missionary Herald, Press of Samuel Usher, Boston 1891. The One Hundred and Third Annual Report of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, 1913. The One Hundred and Fourth Annual Report of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, 1914. The One Hundred and Fifth Annual Report of the American Board of Commissioners for 173 Amerikan Board Misyonerlerinin Türkiye’deki Sağlık Faaliyetleri (1833-1923) Foreign Missions, 1915 The One Hundred and Fourteenth Annual Report of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, Boston. The One Hundred and Second Annual Report of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, Together with the Minutes of the Meeting Held at Portland, Maine October 8-11, 1912. Boston. The One Hundredth Annual Report of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, Together with the Minutes of the Meeting Held at Milwaukee October 10-13 1911, Boston. The Orient, vol. III/50, (11 December 1912), Bible House, Constantinople, s. 1. The Orient, vol. V/33, Bible House, Constantinople 1914. The Orient, vol. IX/Extra, (8 March 1922), Bible House, Constantinople s. 24. The Orient, vol. II, (12 July 1911), Bible House, Constantinople. The Orient, vol. VI/36, (8 September 1915), Bible House, Constantinople. The Report and Catalogue of Anatolia College and Girls’ Boarding School Marsovan, 1902.
- AKGÜN, Seçil, “Kendi Kaynaklarından Amerikalı Misyonerlerin Türk Sosyal Yaşamına Etkisi (1820-1914)”, X. Türk Tarih Kongresi’nden Ayrıbasım, TTK Basımevi, Ankara 1994, s. 2121-2145.
- BARLAS, Uğurol, Gaziantep Tıp Fakültesi Tarihi ve Azınlık Okulları, Gaziantep Kültür Derneği Yayınları, Gaziantep 1971.
- BARTON, James L., Daybreak in Turkey, The Pilgrim Press, Boston 1908.
- BAYTOP, Turhan, Antep’in Öncü Hekimleri Merkezi Türkiye Koleji ve Antep Amerikan Hastanesi, İstanbul 2003.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
Türkçe
Konular
-
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Yayımlanma Tarihi
31 Aralık 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi
1 Ağustos 2017
Kabul Tarihi
11 Aralık 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2017 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2