Bireysel, Toplumsal ve Kültürel Etkenler Işığında Seri Öldürme

Öz

Seri öldürme ülkeler arasında farklı kapsam ve bakış açılarıyla ele alınan bir araştırma konusudur. Araştırmalar öncelikle biyolojik ve psikolojik özellikler temelinde seri katillerin davranışlarını açıklamayı ve yeni seri katilleri saptama ve önleme yöntemlerine katkı sunmayı amaçlamıştır. Bu doğrultuda uluslararası karşılaştırmalara olanak tanıyacak sınıflamalar getirildiği fakat bu sınıflandırma çalışmalarının farklı ülkede gerçekleştirilmesi kültür ve toplum yapısının önemli bir etken olduğunu göstermiştir. Araştırmaların odağı da seri katillerin sosyo-demografik özelliklerine kaymaya başlamıştır. Türkiye’de ise seri katillerle ilgili yürütülen araştırmaların eksikliği dikkat çekmektedir. Yapılan sınırlı sayıdaki çalışmada Türkiye’deki seri katillerin öldürme davranışı biyolojik ve psikolojik açıdan saldırganlık kapsamında incelenmiş; Türkiye’nin kültürel ve toplumsal yapısı ile ilişkilendirilmemiştir. Bu derleme çalışmasında seri katillerin biyopsikososyal geçmişi, öldürme güdü ve yöntemleri farklı toplumlardaki araştırmalar aracılığıyla tartışılmıştır. Bu amaçla İngilizce ve Türkçe alan yazını taranarak erişilen ve uygun bulunan 76 bilimsel yayın ve haber ele alınmıştır. Bulgular saldırganın biyopsikososyal özelliklerinin farklı araştırmacılarla ve farklı ülkelerde gerçekleştirilen çalışmalarda benzerlikler sunduğu fakat farklı seri katil sınıflamalarına da yol açtığını göstermektedir. Seri öldürmenin araştırıldığı ülkenin kültür ve toplum yapısına göre farklılıklar sergilediği anlaşılmaktadır. Saldırganın mağdur seçimi, öldürme şekli ve saptanamaması toplumsal ve kültürel ögeler doğrultusunda açıklanabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Seri öldürme
• seri cinayet
• seri katil
• kültür

Serial Murder in the Light of Individual, Social and Cultural Factors

Öz

Serial murder is a research topic addressed with varying scopes and perspectives across different countries. Studies have aimed to explain the behavior of serial killers based on biological, psychological, and social characteristics and to contribute to methods for detecting and preventing new serial killers. In Türkiye, the limited studies conducted have examined the killing behavior of serial killers from biological and psychological perspectives within the framework of aggression, without relating it to Türkiye’s cultural and societal structure. This review discusses the biopsychosocial backgrounds, motives, and methods of serial killers through research conducted in different societies. In this study, the literature in English and Turkish was reviewed and found to be appropriate. Seventy six scientific publications and news were analyzed. Findings indicate that the biopsychosocial characteristics of perpetrators show similarities across studies conducted by different researchers and in different countries, yet also lead to different classifications of serial killers. Serial murder exhibits variations based on the cultural and societal structures of the country in which it is studied. The perpetrator’s choice of victim, method of killing, and ability to evade detection can be explained through societal and cultural elements.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Serial murder
• serial killer
• culture

Kaynakça

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